faults Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a fault?
is a break or fracture between two blocks in response to stress
What is stress?
accumulated energy between two materials
What is a fault plane?
is the surface along which blocks move
What is a hanging wall?
the block above the fault plane
What is the foot wall?
the block bellow the fault plane
What is the is the strike?
a horizontal line along the direction of a fault plane
What is the dip?
the angle between the fault plane and the horizontal
What is a slip and separation?
is the relative motion of the block along fault planes
What is the strike slip?
occurs along the direction of the of strike fault plane
What is the dip slip?
occurs along the direction of the dip of fault plane
What is the oblique slip?
occurs both dip and strike direction
What are the three types of stresses?
tension, compression, shear
What is tension?
stretching causing rocks to break
What is compression?
causes rocks to break by folding
What is shear?
is forces producing a shear stain
What are the 3 types of faults?
normal fault, reverse fault, strike slip fault
What type of stress causes normal fault?
it is caused by tensional stress
What type of stress causes reverse fault?
compressional stress
What type of stress causes strike slip fault?
sheer stress
What are three layers of the earth?
core, mantle, crust
What is focus?
the place where the earthquake occurred deep within
What is the epicenter?
the one directly above the focus
What is causing the sudden trembling of the earth?
the sudden burst of energy
