FBI Topic 1 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Structural Organization of the human body
Chemical, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ system, Organism
What is the integumentary system
- It forms the external body covering
- Protects deeper tissues from injury
- Helps regulate body temp
- Where the cutaneous nerve receptors are
What is the skeletal system
- Protects and supports the body organs
- Provides muscle attachment for movement
- Site of blood cell formations
- Stores minerals
What is the muscular system
- Produces movements
- Maintains posture
- Produces heat
What is the nervous system
- Fast-acting control system
- Responds to internal and external change
- Activates muscles and glands
What is the endocrine system
- Secretes regulatory hormones
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Metabolism
- Sex hormones (Testosterone, estrogen, progesterone)
What is the cardiovascular system
Transports materials like O2, CO2, Nutrients and wastes in body via blood pumped by heart
What is the lymphatic system
- Returns fluids to blood vessels
- Cleanses the blood
- Involved in immunity
What is the digestive system
- Breaks down food
- Allows for nutrient absorption into blood
- Eliminates indigestible material
What is the urinary system
- Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
- Maintains acid-base balance
- Regulates water and electrolytes
Principal of homeostasis
The maintenance of a stable internal environment
Homeostatic imbalance will result in?
A disturbance in homeostasis resulting in disease
Why is homeostasis necessary?
For normal body functions and to sustain life
What is needed for the body’s cells to survive and function properly
the composition and temperature of the fluids around the cells must remain much the same.
An organism is said to be in homeostasis when the internal environment contains:
Optimal concentration of gases, nutrients, ions and water and at the optimal temperature
What are the control systems
Sensory receptors
control centre
effectors
What does the receptors do
Responds to changes in the environment and sends information to control centre
What does the control centre do
determines the set point
analyzes the information
determines appropriate response
What does the effector do
provides a means for response to the stimulus
How is homeostasis maintained
Through a combination of hormonal and nervous mechanisms
What does the body do to incoming stimuli
regulate respiratory gases
protect itself against agents of disease
maintain fluid and salt balance
regulate energy and nutrient supply
maintain a constant body temperature
Feedback mechanisms
- Negative feedback includes most homeostatic control mechanisms
- Shuts off orig stimuli/ reduces intensity
- Initiate changes to return factor to a balancing point, maintaining homeostasis
What is vasodilation
When body temperature rises, blood vessels in the skin dilate to allow more blood flow near the surface, allowing heat to escape through the skin, cooling the circulating blood
What is vasoconstriction
When body temperature falls, blood vessels in the skin constrict, lesser warm blood flows near the surface so less heat is lost
