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FBS Urinary Intensive > FBS Urinary Intensive Important Terms > Flashcards

FBS Urinary Intensive Important Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

ALDOSTERONE

A

ALDOSTERONE: hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that plays a central role in regulating blood
pressure

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2
Q

ANGIOTENSIN

A

ANGIOTENSIN: a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and a subsequent increase in blood pressure

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3
Q

ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (ADH)

A 
ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (ADH): main hormonal messengers that is released by the kidneys; tells the
kidneys how much urine to make usually in relation to the salt and water balance
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4
Q

ASPARAGINE

A

ASPARAGINE: an amino acid that we get from asparagus that helps to metabolize aspartic acid, which helps to synthesize and excrete urea

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5
Q

BASIL LAMINA

A

BASIL LAMINA: layer of the glomerular capillary wall that allows for the passage of small proteins,
nutrients and ions

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6
Q

BLADDER

A

BLADDER: hollow muscular sac or reservoir that holds urine

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7
Q

BOWMAN’S CAPSULE

A

BOWMAN’S CAPSULE: a pear or bulb shaped membrane within the nephron that contains the glomerulus

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8
Q

BUN

A

BUN: blood urea nitrogen (collected as part of a serum metabolic panel to help evaluate kidney
function

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9
Q

CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM

A

CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM: layer of the glomerular capillary wall that contains small pores that stop red
blood cells from flowing through the wall

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10
Q

CREATININE

A

CREATININE: comes from creatinine phosphate which is used in skeletal muscle contraction; a
degredation product formed by active muscle

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11
Q

CYSTOCELE

A

CYSTOCELE: buldging bladder resulting from vaginal childbirth and drops in estrogen

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12
Q

DEAMINATION

A

DEAMINATION: the process in which the liver breaks down parts of amino acid molecules to be recycled;
the amino group is removed from the amino acid and converted to ammonia

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13
Q

DETRUSOR

A

DETRUSOR: the smooth muscle found in the wall of the bladder

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14
Q

DIALYSIS

A

DIALYSIS: a process of removing waste and excess water from the blood used primarily as an artificial
replacement for the functioning of the kidneys

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15
Q

DISTAL TUBULE

A

DISTAL TUBULE: the part of the nephron that carries almost formed urine to the collecting duct

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16
Q

DIURETIC

A

DIURETIC: any substance that promotes the production of urine

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17
Q

ELECTROLYTE

A

ELECTROLYTE: a compound that ionizes when dissolved in suitable ionizing solvents such as water

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18
Q

ENURESIS

A

ENURESIS: medical term for bedwetting

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19
Q

ERYTHROPOIETIN

A

ERYTHROPOIETIN: hormone secreted by the kidney which acts on bone marrow to help with the production of red blood cells

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20
Q

GLOMERULUS

A

GLOMERULUS: a network of very thinly walled capillaries

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21
Q

GLOMULAR EPITHELIUM

A

GLOMULAR EPITHELIUM: layer of the glomerular capillary wall where podocytes (visceral epithelial cells)
are found and only water, ions and very small molecules can get through

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22
Q

HILUM

A

HILUM: the area that provides the route of the renal artery, nerves and renal vein

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23
Q

HYDRONEPHROSIS

A

HYDRONEPHROSIS: abnormal dilation caused by obstruction of urine flow anywhere in the urinary tract

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24
Q

HYDROXYLATION

A

HYDROXYLATION: a chemical process that introduces a hydroxyl group (-OH) into an organic compound

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25
INORGANIC COMPOUND
INORGANIC COMPOUND: not extracted from living things and are created either due to natural processes or in a laboratory
26
INTRACELLULAR AND EXTRACELLULAR FLUID BALANCE
INTRACELLULAR AND EXTRACELLULAR FLUID BALANCE: the balance of the water that is inside and outside of the cells
27
KEGEL
KEGEL: pelvic floor exercise that consists of repeatedly contracting and relaxing the muscles that form part of the pelvic floor
28
KIDNEY FAILURE
KIDNEY FAILURE: a loss of the filtration capacity of the kidneys and the action of those nephrons
29
LOOP OF HENLE
LOOP OF HENLE: the only part of the nephron that dips from the cortex into the renal medulla
30
MAJOR CALYX
MAJOR CALYX: convergance of two or three minor calyxes that surround the apex of the renal pyramids
31
MINOR CALYX
MINOR CALYX: cup-shaped drains that merge to form the major calyx
32
NEPHRITIS
NEPHRITIS: inflammation of the kidneys which could result in smelly urine or blood in the urine and as well as intense back pain
33
NEPHRON
NEPHRON: the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
34
NOCTURIA
NOCTURIA: the need to get up in the night to urinate, thus interrupting sleep
35
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: compounds extracted from living things
36
PARATHYROID GLANDS
PARATHYROID GLANDS: endocrine glands located in your neck near your thyroid glands, but they have no functional relationship to each other
37
PARATHYROID HORMONE (PTH)
``` PARATHYROID HORMONE (PTH): PTH regulates serum calcium and serum phosphate, which in return, regulate PTH ```
38
PELVIURETERIC JUNCTION
PELVIURETERIC JUNCTION: the area where the kidney attaches to the ureter
39
PITTING EDEMAPITTING EDEMA
PITTING EDEMAPITTING EDEMA: when you press into the skin and the indentation sticks for a bit; often accompaniedwith anemia, dizziness or even lack of consciousness, and in the blood, you might see elevated BUNand elevated serum creatinine
40
PODOCYTES
PODOCYTES: cells in the Bowman’s capsule in the kidneys that wrap around the capillaries of the glomerulus
41
POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE: the result of fluid-filled cysts that enlarge the kidneys and eventually replace the functional renal tissue
42
PROLAPSE
PROLAPSE: essentially a dropping or a falling
43
PROSTAGLANDINS
PROSTAGLANDINS: a group of physiologically active lipid compounds having diverse hormone-like effects; responsible in part for sodium secretion
44
PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA)
PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA): a protein produced primarily by cells in the prostate; measured to determine prostate health
45
PROSTATITIS
PROSTATITIS: inflammation of the prostate
46
PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE: part of the nephron which carries the filtrate away from the capsule
47
PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
PUBIC SYMPHYSIS: the joint that holds the left and right halves of the pelvis together
48
PYELONEPHRITIS
PYELONEPHRITIS: inflammation caused by bacteria in the renal pelvis; it’s one of the most common kidney diseases
49
QUERCETIN
QUERCETIN: flavanoid found in apples, onions and tea
50
RENAL PAPILLA
RENAL PAPILLA: the apex of the pyramid’s found in the medulla
51
RENAL PELVIS
RENAL PELVIS: the funnel-like dilated proximal part of the ureter in the kidney
52
RENIN
RENIN: hormone secreted by the kidney that plays an imporant role in electrolyte balance and hypertension
53
STRESS INCONTINENCE
STRESS INCONTINENCE: incontinence that happens when you are doing something; this is an anatomical problem or challenge due to weakening of the tissue in and around the vagina and the bladder
54
ULTRAFILTRATION
ULTRAFILTRATION: occurs at the barrier between the blood and the filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule in the kidneys
55
UREA
UREA: a metabolism waste product produced by the liver from the breakdown of protein and amino acids
56
URETERS
URETERS: muscular tubes that extend from the kidney to the bladder
57
URETHRA
URETHRA: tube that connects the urinary bladder to the genitals for the removal of fluids from the body
58
URETHRITIS
URETHRITIS: inflammation of the urethra
59
URGE INCONTINENCE
URGE INCONTINENCE: a sudden urge to go to the bathroom where you cannot make it in time; this is more of a neurological problem as opposed to an anotomical problem – the nervous system or relay messenging to the bladder is just not functioning properly
60
URIC ACID
URIC ACID: nitrogenous and comes from the final breakdown product of purine; a DNA building block
61
URINARY INCONTINENCE
URINARY INCONTINENCE: any involuntary leakage of urine
62
VASOCONSTRICTION
VASOCONSTRICTION: the narrowing of blood vessels by the regulation of sodium and fluid levels
63
VASODILATION
VASODILATION: the widening of blood vessels
64
VOLITION
VOLITION: the ability to inhibit the bladder musles from contracting

FBS Urinary Intensive (1 decks)

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