Feeding - chewing and chewing performance Flashcards
(77 cards)
3 feeding sequence components
ingestion
stage I transport
mechanical processing
ingestion is
movement of food from the external environment into the mouth
how is ingestion accomplished
by biting (anterior teeth) and/or using ‘tools’ (cutlery, cups, etc)
Lips provide anterior oral ‘seal’.
What muscle is involved in controlling this seal?
Orbicularis Oris
and buccinator control food bolus and maintaining seal
what provide the anterior oral seal
lips
stage I transport is
Moving material from the front of the mouth to the level of the posterior teeth
steps in stage I transport
Food is gathered on tongue tip
Tongue retracts, pulling the material to the posterior teeth (pull back process; takes about one second).
associated with retraction of the hyoid bone and narrowing of the oropharynx, in order to keep mastication effective before swallowing
what bone retracts in chewing?
hyoid bone
what is mechanical processing
Some solid foods must be broken down and mixed with saliva before they can be swallowed
Moist solid foods (e.g. fruit) have to have fluid removed before transport and swallowing
Some soft foods are ‘squashed’ by tongue against hard palate (involved)
what teeth are involved in chewing?
premolars and molars
sometime squashed against hard palate by tongue
what muscles are involved in food processing
o the “mandibular muscles”
o the supra-hyoid muscles
o the tongue muscles
o the lips and cheeks
what is the role of sternocleidomastoid
turning head from side to side and flexing neck
tongue key role
controlling and transporting the food ‘bolus’ within the mouth.
extrinsic tongue muscles
are involved in altering the shape and position of muscles
intrinsic tongue muscles
alter the shape
what does the tongue do when food initially enters the mouth
gathers food and rotates to reposition the bolus on the occlusal table
how does the tongue and cheeks work together
cheeks act in a reciprocal manner to place the food on the occlusal surfaces of the teeth.
- “Tongue-pushing” (red) and “cheek-pushing” cycles (blue) are observed during chewing.
(they keep the bolus on the chewing surfaces)
Helps in crushing bolus and effective chewing
how does the tongue move the bolus
from side to side of mouth
style of chewing
bilateral
issue with unilateral chewing
unilateral chewing can develop mandibular muscle problems
- can tell by symmetry of face,
- hypertrophy of masseter muscle on Extra oral examination
how is the contact between the tongue and hard palate created initially
forward movement of the tongue during the occlusal and initial opening phases creates a contact between the tongue and the hard palate.
how does the contact zone of the bolus with the tongue and hard palate move
moves progressively backwards, squeezing the processed food through the fauces
- the so-called ‘squeeze-back’ mechanism
squeeze back mechanisms
contact zone (bolus, tongue, hard palate) moves progressively backwards, squeezing the processed food through the fauces
where does the bolus accumulate before swallowing occurs
on the pharyngeal surface of the tongue
