Female

Question 1

Mesovarium

Answer 1

Peritoneal fold attaches ovary to broad ligament

Question 2

Two other ligaments associated with ovary

Answer 2

Suspensory ligament, ovarian ligament

Question 3

Mesovarium allows ____ to enter ovary

Answer 3

Arteries, veins, nerves

Question 4

Layers of ovary

Answer 4

Ovarian epithelium, tunica albuginea, cortex, medulla,

Question 5

Stroma

Answer 5

Connective tissue in ovary. Contains ovarian follicles

Question 6

Oogonia

Answer 6

Cells from which oocytes develop. 5 million by fourth month development

Question 7

Ovulation

Answer 7

Release of a secondary oocyte from ovary

Question 8

Polar body

Answer 8

Primary oocyte completes meiosis to make secondary oocyte and polar body

Question 9

Fertilization

Answer 9

Begins when a sperm cell penetrates secondary oocyte

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

23 pairs join together

Question 11

Primordial follicle

Answer 11

Primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flat cells

Question 12

Zone pellucida

Answer 12

Layers of granulosa cells surrounding primary oocyte

Question 13

Theca externa

Answer 13

Synthesis of ovarian hormones. Connective tissue that merges with stroma of ovary

Question 14

Atresia

Answer 14

Degenerate. Only one mature follicle reaches most advanced stages of development

Question 15

Corpus luteum

Answer 15

Follicle after ovulation. Luteal cells secrete progesterone and some estrogen

Question 16

Corpus albicans

Answer 16

Unused corpus luteum

Question 17

Mesosalpinx

Answer 17

Broad ligament attached to uterine tube

Question 18

Infundibulum

Answer 18

Uterine tube opens directly into peritoneal cavity to receive oocyte from ovary. Ciliated mucus membrane

Question 19

Where does fertilization usually occur?

Answer 19

Ampulla

Question 20

Ampulla

Answer 20

Part of uterine tube nearest to Infundibulum

Question 21

Isthmus

Answer 21

Part of uterine tube nearest uterus

Question 22

Three layers of uterine tube

Answer 22

Serosa, muscular, mucosa

Question 23

Provides nutrients for oocyte or embryonic mass

Answer 23

Mucosa of uterine tubes

Question 24

Three main part of uterus

Answer 24

Fundus, body, cervix

Question 25

Prolapsed uterus

Answer 25

Muscles are weakened, uterus extends into vagina

Question 26

Uterine wall layers

Answer 26

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Question 27

Functional layer of endometrium

Answer 27

Undergoes sloughing during menstrual cycle

Question 28

Spiral arteries

Answer 28

Supply blood to functional layer

Question 29

Cervical mucus glands

Answer 29

Barrier from vagina to uterus

Question 30

Ridges of vagina

Answer 30

Columns (longitudinal) | Rugae (transverse)

Question 31

Fornix

Answer 31

Where vagina and cervix meet

Question 32

Hymen

Answer 32

Mucus membrane covering vaginal opening. Allows menstral flow

Question 33

Vulva

Answer 33

External female genitalia. Vestibule and its surrounding structures

Question 34

Vestibule

Answer 34

Vagina opening

Question 35

Clitoris contains two erectile structures

Answer 35

Corpora cavernosa, crus of the clitoris

Question 36

Bulb of the vestibule

Answer 36

Each erectile body. Narrows vaginal orifice, allowing better contact with penis

Question 37

Greater and lesser vestibular glands

Answer 37

Near clitoris and urethra, produce lubrication

Question 38

Mons pubis

Answer 38

Labia majora unite over symphysis pubis

Question 39

Pudendal cleft

Answer 39

Space between labia majora

Question 40

Broad ligament

Answer 40

Extension of peritoneum that spreads out on both sides of uterus and attaches to ovaries and uterine tubes

Question 41

Areola

Answer 41

Surrounds the nipple

Question 42

Areolar glands

Answer 42

Secretions protect from chafing during nursing

Question 43

Gynecomastia

Answer 43

Breasts of males become enlarged

Question 44

Lactiferous sinus

Answer 44

Milk accumulated during milk ejection

Question 45

Alveoli

Answer 45

Ends of ducts. Secretory sacs

Question 46

Myoepithelial cells

Answer 46

Surround alveoli and contract to expel milk

Question 47

Suspensory ligaments

Answer 47

Support and hold breast in place. Over Pectoralis major muscles

Question 48

Menarche

Answer 48

First episode of menstrual bleeding. 11-16 years

Question 49

Menstrual cycle

Answer 49

Cyclic changes in sexually mature, nonpregnant females

Question 50

Menses

Answer 50

Mild hemorrhage that occurs once a month

Question 51

Menstruation

Answer 51

Discharge of blood and other elements of uterine mucus membrane

Question 52

Proliferation phase

Answer 52

Time between ending of menses and ovulation

Question 53

Follicular phase

Answer 53

Rapid development of ovarian follicles

Question 54

Secretory phase

Answer 54

Period after ovulation and before next menses

Question 55

Luteal phase

Answer 55

Existence of corpus luteum

Question 56

Ovarian cycle

Answer 56

Regular events that occur in the ovaries of sexually mature, nonpregnant women during the menstrual cycle

Question 57

FSH exerts its main effect on

Answer 57

Granulosa cells

Question 58

LH exerts its initial effect on

Answer 58

Theca interna cells, then later on granulosa cells

Question 59

LH surge

Answer 59

Initiates ovulation. Causes ovulated follicle to become corpus luteum

Question 60

FSH surge

Answer 60

Stimulating synthesis of more LH receptors in follicles

Question 61

LH surge causes the primary oocyte

Answer 61

To complete first meitotic division just before or during ovulation

Question 62

Increased progesterone and estrogen have a

Answer 62

Negative feedback effect on GnRH release from hypothalamus

Question 63

Human chorionic gonadotropin | hCG

Answer 63

If fertilized, embryo secretes this to keep corpus luteum from degenerating

Question 64

What is in the menstrual fluid?

Answer 64

Necrotic endometrium, mucus secretions, blood from spiral arteries

Question 65

Capacitation

Answer 65

Sperm cells- removal of proteins and modification of glycoproteins

Question 66

Female climacteric

Answer 66

Time from onset of irregular cycles to complete cessation (3-5 years)