FEMALE FUNCTIONS AND CYCLES

Question 1

• Starts with a germ cell (oogonium), which undergoes mitosis to increase in number.
• Primary oocyte begins meiosis, completing at adolescence.
• Secondary oocyte is released during ovulation; if fertilized, completes meiosis II.

Answer 1

oogenesis

Question 2

FEMALE SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS
Brain - body temperature adjustment, memory function, and libido adjustment
Liver - cholesterol production regulation
Bones - strength and density increasing
Skin - anti-aging effect
Heart - protect from cholesterol
Breast - breast growth and feeding function
Ovary - Maturation stimulation
Uterus - monthly preparation for pregnancy or menstrual cycle

Question 3

what are the 8 female secondary sex characteristics?

Answer 3

Brain - body temperature adjustment, memory function, and libido adjustment
Liver - cholesterol production regulation
Bones - strength and density increasing
Skin - anti-aging effect
Heart - protect from cholesterol
Breast - breast growth and feeding function
Ovary - Maturation stimulation
Uterus - monthly preparation for pregnancy or menstrual cycle

Question 4

The superficial functional layer of thick endometrial lining of the uterus sloughing off (detaching) from the uterine wall. The detach tissues and blood pass through the vagina as menstrual flow for 3 to 5 days.

Answer 4

Menstrual phase (1#5 days)

Question 5

Endometrium regenerates and prepares for potential implantation

Answer 5

Proliferative Phase (Days 6-14)

Question 6

Rising progesterone levels cause further endometrial growth and nutrient secretion.

Answer 6

Secretory Phase (Days 15-28)

Question 7

Anatomical Effects of Pregnancy
- Increased lumbar curvature and waddling gait.
- Morning sickness, heartburn, and constipation due to hormonal changes.
- Urinary frequency due to uterine compression on the bladder.
- Cardiovascular changes: increased blood volume, blood pressure, and pulse.

Question 8

• Occurs within 15 days of the calculated due date (280 days from the last menstrual period).
• Consists of three stages: dilation, expulsion, and placental.

Answer 8

Child labor and birth

Question 9

What are the three effects in gastrointestinal in pregnancy

Answer 9

Morning sickness (due to elevated levels of progesterone and estrogens)
Heartburn (the esophagus is displaced and the stomach is crowded by the growing uterus)
Constipation (decline in the motility of the digestive tract)

Question 10

(due to elevated levels of progesterone and estrogens)

Answer 10

Morning sickness

Question 11

the esophagus is displaced and the stomach is crowded by the growing uterus

Answer 11

heartburn

Question 12

decline in the motility of the digestive tract

Answer 12

constipation

Question 13

RESPIRATORY
- nasal mucosa responds to estrogen by becoming swollen and congested

Answer 13

nasal stuffiness and occasional nosebleeds

Question 14

because of the decline in residual volume of the lungs

Answer 14

Dyspnea

Question 15

The uterus compresses the bladder, your relation becomes more frequent, more urgent and sometimes uncontrollable

Answer 15

urinary

Question 16

• total body water rises and blood volume increases by 25 to 40%
• blood pressure and positive typically rise and increase cardiac output by 20 to 40%
• varicose veins or swollen ankles and feet (impaired venous return in the lower limbs

Answer 16

cardiovascular