Female GU Flashcards
(39 cards)
Mons Pubis
This is the rounded area in front of the pubic bones at the lower part of the abdomen.
It becomes covered with hair at puberty.
Female Vestibule
The vulva vestibule contains the opening to the urethra and the vaginal opening. The borders of the vulva vestibule are formed from the edge of the labia minora.
Contains the bartholin’s glands
Labia Minora
Two inner folds of skin that surround the opening of thevagina.
Thelabia minoraare part of the external femalegenitals, or genitals present in individuals assigned females at birth, which also includes themons pubis, labia majora,vaginalopening, hymen, andclitoris.
Labia Majora
prominent pair of cutaneous skin folds that will form the lateral longitudinal borders of the vulval clefts.
The labia majora forms the folds that cover the labia minora, clitoris, vulva vestibule, vestibular bulbs, Bartholin’s glands, Skene’s glands, urethra, and the vaginal opening.
Labia majora function
protect vagina from mechanical irritation, dryness and infection.
Forchette
Labia unite here posteriorly. A thin fork-shaped fold of skin designed to stretch at the bottom of the entrance to thevagina.
Vaginal Introitis
The entrance to the vagina, encompassing the anterior and posterior vestibules and the perineum.
Vaginal Anatomy specifics
Musculomembranous tube between the urethra and rectum
Vagina mucosa lies in transverse folds called rugae.
Protrusion of cervix into the vagina divides into 4 fornixes:
Anterior
Posterior: Deep and ant to rectovaginal cul-de-sac (pouch ) of douglas
TWO lateral: broad ligaments, Ovaries and fallopian tubes are palpable here
Arterial Supply of the vagina + ovaries
- Internal Iliacs
- Uterine Artery
and - Ovarian artery
Vagina Lymphatics
- lower 2/3 vagina - inguinal lymph nodes
- upper 1/3 vagina hypogastric and sacral nodes/ abdominal and pelvic nodes
Uterine cavity
Triangular 6-7cm
Normal=Anteverted
Can be retroverted or anteflexed
Lies at almost right angle of vagina
Fundus: Convex upper surface of the body
Cervix: Lower part protrudes into vagina
Blood supply: Uterine and Ovarian Arteries
Lymphatics: to lumbar nodes
TAH and TVH
- Total abdominal hysterectomy
- Total Vaginal hysterectomy
The adnexa are
made up of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. Cysts are fluid-filled structures that can develop in the adnexa.
Ovary anatomy specifics
Almond shape
Palpable on pelvic exam 50% time
Two primary functions:
Production of ova
Secretions of hormones
Estrogen/Progesterone/Testosterone
HPA hormone secretion
Hypothalamic pituitary axis - Releases factors from hypothalamus: controls secretion of hormones from anterior pituitary: FSH/ LH
Ovarian Graafian follicles
secretes estrogen in response to FSH / LH
Corpus Luteum
Ovarian follicle after ovulation
Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Pituitary gland influence on menses
pituitary secretes FSH and LH,a process which actually begins before the onset of your menses.
These hormones in turn stimulate the growth of several ovarian follicles, each containing one egg.
The number of follicles in the monthly “cohort” of developing follicles is unique to each individual
FSH, LH, and Estrogen integration for ovulation
Positive feedback triggers the anterior pituitary to release more FSH and LH.
More FSH and LH cause the ovary to produce more estrogen. The ensuing LH surge is responsible for ovulation.
Estrogen Birth control action
prevents pituitary gland from releasing LH, with no LH, egg does not mature and ovulation does not occur.
Polymenorrhea
less than 21 day intervals between menses
Oligomenorrhea
Infrequent bleeding
Menorrhagia
excessive flow
Metrorrhagia
intermenstrual bleeding
