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Female Internal Genetalia Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

What is the shape of the uterus

A

Hollow, pear-shaped

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2
Q

What is the size of the uterus

A

8cm long
5cm wide
3cm thick

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3
Q

What are the parts of the uterus

A

Body
Fundus
Isthmus
Cervix (neck)

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4
Q

What is the shape and position of the cervix

A

Cylindrial
Projects into the superior vagina
Thick-walled canal

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5
Q

What are the layers of the uterine walls

A

Perimetrium - outer layer of peritoneum

Myometrium - middle thick layer of smooth muscle

Endometrium

  • vasular inner mucosal layer
  • Thickness of this layer varies with age and menstrual cycle
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6
Q

What are the positions of the uterus

A

1: anteflexion:
- Bends forwards between the cervix and body
- Most common

2: Antevertion
- Anterior inclination of the whole uterus on vagina
- i.e. bent beween vagina and cervix
- no problems but uncomfortable

3: Retrovertion
- Posterior inclination of whole uterus on vagina
- Disturbs sigmoid colon

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7
Q

What are the ligaments of the uterus

A

Broad ligament:

  • Mesosalpinx
  • Mesovarium
  • suspensory ligament of the Ovary

Mesometrium
Lig. of uterus
Round Ligament of Uterus

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8
Q

Describe the Broad Ligament

A

Double layer of peritoneum

Extends

  • from sides of uterus
  • to lateral pelvic walls
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9
Q

Describe the mesovarium

A

Suspends the ovary from the posterior lamina of the broad ligament

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10
Q

Describe the mesosalpinx

A
  • Part of broad ligament
  • Above level of ovary and mesovarium
  • Sweeps over the uterine tubes
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11
Q

Describe the mesometrium

A
  • ligament below mesovarium

- encloses blood vessels and nerves

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12
Q

Describe the lig. of ovary

A
  • Attaches ovary to uterus

- Remnant of proximal part of embryonic gubernaculums

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13
Q

Describe the Round Ligament of the Uterus

A
  • Extends from lateral wall of uterus to the pelvic wall
  • Enters deep inguinal ring
  • Passes through inguinal canal to Labium Majus
  • Remnant of Embryonic Gubernaculums
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14
Q

Describe the suspensory ligament of the Ovary

A
  • Extension of the broad ligament superiorly on the posterolateral pelvic wall
  • Covers the ovarian vessels, associated nerves and lymphatics
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15
Q

What are the relations of the uterus

A

Anterior:

  • Vesicouterine pouch
  • Superior surface of bladder

Posterior

  • Rectouterine pounc
  • Anterior surface of recum
  • Loops of intestine in pouch
  • Uterosacral Ligament

Lateral:

  • Broad ligament
  • Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament
  • Ureters
  • Uterine artery
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16
Q

What is the arterial supply of the uterus

A 
Uterine arteries (from Internal iliac A)
Vaginal Arteries 
Ovarian Artery
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17
Q

What is the venous drainage of the uterus

Study These Flashcards
A

Uterine venous plexus to the Internal Iliac Veins

18
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterus

Study These Flashcards
A

Drain to:

  • External iliac LN
  • Internal Iliac LN
  • Sacral LN
  • Superficial Inguinal LN (Along Round Ligament)

See diagram

19
Q

What is the innervation of the uterus

Study These Flashcards
A

Inferior Hypogastric Plexus (Uterovaginal Plexus

Sympathetic:
-Lower lumbar segments (Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves)

Parasympathetic:
- S2-S4

See Diagram

20
Q

How long are the fallopian tubes

21
Q

Where are the fallopian tubes

Study These Flashcards
A

Run in the broad ligament (mesosalpinx)

22
Q

What are teh four parts of the Fallopian Tubes

Study These Flashcards
A

Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Intramural (uterine part)

23
Q

Where is fertilisation supposed to happen

Study These Flashcards
A

In the Ampulla of the fallopian tubes

24
Q

What is the arterial supply of the Fallopian Tubes

Study These Flashcards
A

Anastomoses:

  • Uterine arteries
  • Ovarian arteries
25
What is the venous drainage of the Fallopian Tubes
Uterine venous plexus | Ovarian Veins
26
What is the lymphatic drainage of the Fallopian tubes
Lumbar LN
27
What shape are the ovaries
Ovoid in shape
28
What is the size of the ovaries
4cm long | 2cm wide
29
What is the position of the ovaries
Ovarian Fossa Attached to broad ligament by mesovarium Attached to lateral pelvic wall by suspensory ligament
30
What are the boundaries of the Ovarian Fossa
superiorly: - external iliac artery and vein anteriorly and inferiorly: - broad ligament of the uterus posteriorly: - ureter, - internal iliac artery and vein inferiorly: - obturator nerve, artery and vein
31
What is the arterial supply of the ovaries
Ovarian and Tubal branches of: | -Ovarian A (br. of Abdominal Aorta)
32
What is the venous drainage of the ovaries
Pampiniform plexus: - drains into IVC on Right - drains into Lt. renal vein on Left
33
What are the sites of ectopic pregancies
``` Uterine Tube (most common) Ovarian (rare) Abdominal wall (peritoneal - very rare) ```
34
What does the vagina communicate with both superiorly and inferiorly
Superiorly - uterus | Inferiorly - vestibule
35
Where are the fornices
Area around the cervix has anterior, deep, posterior and lateral fornices
36
What are the relations of the vagina?
Upper Portion: - Anterior: - --Cervix - --Base of bladder - --Ureters - --Urethra - Posterior - --Rectovaginal septum - --Rectouterine pouch - --Ampulla of rectum - Lateral - --Lateral fornices - --Ureters - --Uterine vessels Lower Portion: - Levator ani - Greater vestibular glands - Bulb of vestibule
37
What is the arterial supply of the vagina
Superior Part: -uterine arteries Middle part: -vaginal arteries Lower part: - Middle rectal arteries - Internal pudendal arteries
38
What is the venous drainage of the vagina
Uterine venous plexus (drains to Internal Iliac vein)
39
What is the innervation of the vagina
Upper portion is the same as the uterus ::: Inferior Hypogastric Plexus (Uterovaginal Plexus Sympathetic: -Lower lumbar segments (Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves) Parasympathetic: - S2-S4 See Diagram Lower Portion: -Only Somatic innervation. Therefore, -pudendal nerve No parasympathetic supply
40
What are the possible clinical associations with the uterus
Uterine prolapse: pelvic floor muscles and ligaments stretch and weaken and no longer provide enough support for the uterus. As a result, the uterus slips down into or protrudes out of the vagina. Fecal incontinence: Fecal incontinence is one of the symptoms that may occur with pelvic organ prolapse

Pelvis (9 decks)

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