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Pathoma > Female Repro > Flashcards

Female Repro Flashcards

1
Q

Bartholin usually occurs in this age group:

A

Women of reproductive age

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2
Q

Cause of condyloma

A

Condyloma acuminatum: HPV 6, 11

Condyloma latum: secondary syphilis

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3
Q

Hallmark of condyloma

A

Koilocytes

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4
Q

Lichen sclerosis is characterized by?

A

Thinning of epidermis, sclerosis or fibrosis of dermis

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5
Q

How does lichen sclerosis present?

A

Leukoplakia, parchment-like vulvar skin

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6
Q

Lichen sclerosis has increased risk for?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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7
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus is characterized by?

A

Hyperplasia of vulvar squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Lichen simplex chronicus presents as?

A

Leukoplakia, thick leathery vulvar skin

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9
Q

This is associated with chronic irritation and scratching

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

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10
Q

HPV types related to vulvar carrcinoma

A

HPV 16, 18

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11
Q

Age group for vulvar ca

A

Elderly, greater that 70 yo

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12
Q

Extramammary paget disease is characterized by

A

Malignant epithelial cells in epidermis of vulva

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13
Q

Differentiate the underlying carcinoma for extramammary paget disease and paget disease of the nipple

A

Extramammary paget disease has no underlying carcinoma.

Paget disease of the nipple is always associated with underlying carcinoma.

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14
Q

Extramammary paget disease must be differentiated from?

A

Melanoma

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15
Q

How do you differentiate extramammary paget diseases and melanoma?

A

Paget cells are PAS+, keratin+, S100-.

Melanoma is PAS-, keratin-, S100+.

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16
Q

How does bartholin cyst present?

A

Unilateral, painful cystic lesion at the lower vestibule adjacent to the vaginal canal

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17
Q

Pathology of adenosis of the vulva

A

Persistence of the columnar epithelium in the upper 1/3 of vagina instead of being replaced by squamous epithelium from lower 2/3 of vagina (derived from urogenital ridge)

18
Q

Risk factor for adenosis

A

Exposure to diethylstilbesterol (DES) in utero

19
Q

Px with adenosis have increased risk for?

A

Clear cell adenocarcinoma

20
Q

Clear cell adenocarcinoma pathology

A

Proliferation of glands with clear cytoplasm

21
Q

Px is less than 5 yo presenting with bleeding and grape like mass in vagina or penis. Dx?

A

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma or sarcoma botryoides

22
Q

Pathology of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

A

Proliferation of immature skeletal muscle

23
Q

Characteristic cell of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

Rhabdomyomast- has cytoplasmic cross striations and positive for desmin and myogenin

24
Q

What is asherman syndrome?

A

Secondary amenorrhea due to loss of basalis and scarring

25
Q

What is the most common cause of asherman syndrome?

A

Overaggressive D&C

26
Q

Side effect of tamoxifen that presents as abnormal uterine bleeding?

A

Endometrial polyp

27
Q

Leiomyosarcoma arises from?

A

It arises de novo

28
Q

Leiomyosarcoma is usually seen in what age group

A

Postmenopausal women

29
Q

PCOS is characterized by?

A

Increased LH and low FSH (LH:FSH >2)

30
Q

How does estrone feedback work in PCOS?

A

Estrone feedback decreases FSH resulting in cystic degeneration of follicles. This leads to anovulation.

31
Q

PCOS increases risk for?

A

Endometrial cancer due to increased circulating estrone

32
Q

This may develop in px with PCOS due to insulin resistance

A

Type II DM

33
Q

How are ovarian tumors classified?

A

According to cell types in the compartment

34
Q

Three cell types of ovary where ovarian tumors arise

A

Surface epithelial
Germ cell
Sex cord

35
Q

Classification of surface epithelial tumors

A
  1. Cystadenoma
  2. Cystadenocarcinoma
  3. Endometrial
  4. Brenner
36
Q

Subtypes of surface epithelial tumor

A

Serous

Mucinous

37
Q

This mutation increases risk for serous carcinoma of fallopian tube and ovary

A

BRCA1 mutation

38
Q

% of endometrioid cardinoma of ovary that is associated with independent endometrial carcinoma

A

15%

39
Q

Brenner tumor

A

Bladder-like tumor and Benign

40
Q

Serum marker for surface epithelial tumor

A

CA-125

Pathoma (2 decks)

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