Female Reproduction

Question 1

What is oogenesis?

Answer 1

The development of an oocyte (immature ovum) into a mature ovum.

Question 2

What is the function of the LH hormone?

Answer 2

LH is responsible for ovulation.

Question 3

Define estrous cycle.

Answer 3

It is the stages beginning from one heat period to the beginning of the next heat period.

Question 4

How long do dogs stay in heat (estrus)?

Answer 4

9 - 10 days.

Question 5

What stage of the estrous cycle is termed the building up phase?

Answer 5

Proestrus.

Question 6

During what stage of the estrous cycle is the estrogen level at its peak?

Answer 6

Estrus (heat).

Question 7

The presence of more cornified cells in a vaginal smear indicate what stage of the estrous cycle?

Answer 7

Estrus (heat)

Question 8

What is the length of the estrous cycle in cows?

Answer 8

21 days.

Question 9

What is the fate of the corpus luteum (CL) on an ovary in fertilization occurs and the animal becomes pregnant?

Answer 9

The CL stays on the ovary as the CL of pregnancy and keeps producing the pregnancy hormone progesterone that is needed to maintain pregnancy.

Question 10

The developing follicles start releasing what hormone during the proestrus stage?

Answer 10

Estrogen

Question 11

Wh.at hormone is produced by a corpus luteum (CL) on an ovary?

Answer 11

Progesterone.

Question 12

What is the main functions of the ovaries?

Answer 12

Development of ova.
Production of hormones.

Question 13

What is the action of the hormone FSH on the ovaries?

Answer 13

FSH stimulates the development of ovarian follicles.

Question 14

What phase of the estrous cycle follows estrus (heat)?

Answer 14

Metestrus.

Question 15

When is the breeding season for ewes?

Answer 15

Decreased daylight time (August to December)

Question 16

What is the fate of the corpus luteum (CL) if there is no fertilization?

Answer 16

The CL regresses and leaves a white scar on the ovary called the corpus albicans.

Question 17

What is the breeding season for mares?

Answer 17

Increased daylight time (April to July).

Question 18

What are the functions of estrogen?

Answer 18

Increases libido, receptivity of the female for a male during heat.
Stimulates the muscles of the uterus and oviducts.

Question 19

What is the importance of ovulation fossa on an ovary of a horse?

Answer 19

Ovulation can only take place at ovulation fossa in horses. In all other animals, ovulation can occur at any place on the surface of an ovary.

Question 20

How long does a cow stay in heat (estrus)?

Answer 20

18 hours.

Question 21

The presence of more RBCs in a vaginal smear indicates what stage of the estrous cycle?

Answer 21

Proestrus.

Question 22

What is spontaneous ovulation?

Answer 22

When ovulation is associated with heat. the animal does not require mating or coitus for ovulation. (horses, cows, sheep, dogs, goats)

Question 23

List all four stages of the estrous cycle.

Answer 23

Proestrus
Estrus
Metestrus
Diestrus

Question 24

What hormone is produced by maturing follicles on an ovary?

Answer 24

Estrogen.

Question 25

What is induced ovulation? List the animals that are induced ovulators.

Answer 25

When coitus or mating is needed for normal ovulation. In such cases the stimulation of the cervix is required to induce ovulation. (cats, rabbits, ferrets, and cameloids)

Question 26

What is estrus or heat?

Answer 26

The period of sexual receptivity - When the female allows the male to mount.

Question 27

What is the length of the estrous cycle in dogs?

Answer 27

6 - 12 months

Question 28

What are the functions of progesterone?

Answer 28

Maintains pregnancy. Helps in proper implantation of fertilized ova in the uterus. Promotes development of mammary gland alveoli.

Question 29

List the hormones produced by the ovaries.

Answer 29

Estrogen, Progesterone, and Relaxin.

Question 30

What hormonal changes are occurring in the body during metestrus?

Answer 30

Estrogen level drops. Progesterone level increases as the CL starts producing progesterone.