female reproductive

Question 2

identify

The dense connective tissue of the adventitia is rich in (?), making the vaginal wall strong and elastic while binding it the surrounding tissues

Answer 2

elastic fibers

Question 3

identify

The (?) of the vagina is composed mainly of two indistinct layers of smooth muscle, disposed as circular bundles next to the mucosa and as thicker longitudinal bundles near the adventitial layer.

Answer 3

muscular layer

Question 4

identify

Vaginal mucosa is (?)

Answer 4

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 5

identify

Wall of the vagina lacks
glands and consists of a (?), a (?), and an
(?)

Answer 5

• mucosa
• muscular layer
• adventitia

Question 6

identify

is the more proximal, and ‘inner’ part of the cervix.

It is lined by a mucus-secreting simple columnar epithelium

Answer 6

endocervical canal

Question 7

identify

is the portion of the cervix that projects into the vagina.

It is lined by stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium.

Answer 7

ectocervix

Question 8

identify

two regions of the cervix:

Answer 8

• ectocervix
• endocervical canal

Question 9

identify

Is the lower portion of the uterus, connects the vagina with the main body of the uterus, acting as a gateway between them

Answer 9

cervix

Question 10

identify

funnel-shaped distal segment with finger-like extensions (fimbriae)

[uterine tubes]

Answer 10

infundibulum

Question 11

identify

wide middle segment; most common site of fertilization, with numerous mucosal folds

[uterine tubes]

Answer 11

ampulla

Question 12

identify

narrowest segment

[uterine tubes]

Answer 12

isthmus

Question 13

identify

penetrates the uterine walls, with few mucosal folds with the myometrium in the muscularis layer

[uterine tubes]

Answer 13

pars interstitialis

Question 14

identify

segments of uterine tubes:

Answer 14

• pars interstitialis
• isthmus
• ampulla
• infundibulum

Question 15

identify

• Paired, muscular tubes continuous with the uterus.
• Functions to capture and conduct ovulated ovum towards the uterus

Answer 15

uterine tubes

Question 16

identify

white scar that replaces a degenerated corpus, removed by macrophages

Answer 16

corpus albicans

Question 17

identify

secretes estrogen

[corpus luteum]

Answer 17

theca lutein cells

Question 18

identify

secretes progesterone

[corpus luteum]

Answer 18

granulosa lutein cells

Question 19

identify

three layers of follicle cells

Answer 19

• primordial follicle
• growing follicle
• mature (graafian) follicle

Question 20

idenitfy

Consists of a single oocyte surrounded by 1 or more layers of follicle cells (granulosa cells)

Answer 20

ovarian follicles

Question 21

identify

Innermost covering of the ovaries (?)

Answer 21

tunica albuginea

Question 22

identify

cells of mammary glands:

Answer 22

• myoepithelial cells
• secretory cells

Question 23

identify

an erectile structure homologous to the penis with paired corpora cavernosa

[vulva]

Answer 23

clitoris

Question 24

identify

homologous and histologically similar to the skin of the scrotum

[vulva]

Answer 24

paired labia majora

Question 25

# identify folds of skin lacking hair follicles but with numerous sebaceous glands | [vulva]

Answer 25

paired labia minora

Question 26

# identify a space whose wall includes the tubuloacinar vestibular glands | [vulva]

Answer 26

vestibule

Question 27

# identify four external genitalia:

Answer 27

* vestibule * paired labia minora * paired labia majora * clitoris

Question 28

# identify The corpus luteum regresses and circulating levels of progesterone and estrogens begin to decrease 8-10 days after ovulation, causing the onset of menstruation | [menstrual cycle]

Answer 28

menstrual phase

Question 29

# identify After ovulation, the secretory or luteal phase starts as a result of the progesterone secreted by the corpus luteum | [menstrual cycle]

Answer 29

secretory phase

Question 30

# identify Coincides with the rapid growth of a small group of ovarian follicles growing as vesicular follicles | [menstrual cycle]

Answer 30

proliferative phase

Question 31

# identify three phases of the menstrual cycle:

Answer 31

* proliferative phase * secretory phase * menstrual phase

Question 32

# identify adjacent to the myometrium has a more highly cellular lamina propria and contains the deep basal ends of the uterine glands | [endometrium]

Answer 32

basal layer

Question 33

# identify has a spongier lamina propria, richer in ground substance, and includes most of the length of the glands, as well as the surface epithelium | [endometrium]

Answer 33

functional layer

Question 34

# identify two layers of the endometrium:

Answer 34

* functional layer * basal layer

Question 35

# identify three major layers of the uterus:

Answer 35

* perimetrium * myometrium * endometrium

Question 36

# identify It is the mucous membrane of the uterus Subdivided into 2 layers

Answer 36

endometrium

Question 37

# identify the middle and thickest layer of the uterus, composed mainly of smooth muscle cells

Answer 37

myometrium

Question 38

# identify This is the outermost layer of the uterus, consisting of a thin serous membrane that covers the exterior surface of the organ

Answer 38

perimetrium

Question 39

# identify Provides a place to support a developing human

Answer 39

uterus

Question 40

# identify * Known as the "yellowish body" * Temporary endocrine gland formed post-ovulation in the ovarian cortex * Key role in hormone production (progesterone, estrogens) crucial for menstrual cycle and pregnancy maintenance

Answer 40

corpus luteum

Question 41

# identify Smooth muscle contractions begin in the **(?)**, triggered by **(?)** diffusing from the follicular fluid

Answer 41

* theca externa * prostaglandins

Question 42

# identify * is the hormone-stimulated process by which the oocyte is released from the ovary * normally occurs midway through the menstrual cycle around the 14th day of a typical 28-day cycle

Answer 42

ovulation

Question 43

# identify * is characterized by enlarged ovaries with numerous cysts and an anovulatory state (with no follicles completing maturation successfully) * common cause of infertility in women

Answer 43

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Question 44

# identify are common and usually benign, but they can produce high estrogen levels and lead to menstrual irregularities

Answer 44

follicular cysts

Question 45

# identify the process of programmed cell death

Answer 45

apoptosis

Question 46

# identify Most ovarian follicles undergo the degenerative process called **(?)**, in which follicular cells and oocytes undergo apoptosis (the process of programmed cell death) and removal by phagocytic cells

Answer 46

atresia

Question 47

# identify formation of specialized secretory granules containing various proteases

Answer 47

cortical granules

Question 48

# identify undergo mitosis and form a simple cuboidal epithelium around the growing oocyte. The follicle is now called the unilaminar primary follicle

Answer 48

follicular cells

Question 49

# identify refers to a cluster of cells that surround and support an egg (oocyte) in the female reproductive system and provide essential nutrients and signaling molecules to the developing egg

Answer 49

cumulus oophorus

Question 50

# identify a layer of cells that surrounds the egg cell (oocyte) within the ovarian follicle in the female reproductive system. It is a protective layer that shields and supports the egg as it matures and prepares for ovulation

Answer 50

corona radiata

Question 51

# identify A more fibrous theca with fibroblasts and smooth muscle that merges gradually with the surrounding stroma

Answer 51

theca externa

Question 52

# identify A well-vascularized endocrine tissue with typical steroid producing cells secreting androstenedione

Answer 52

theca interna

Question 53

# identify a small fluid-filled sac within the ovary where the egg (ovum) develops and is a crucial part of the follicular development process during the menstrual cycle, and it's where the mature egg is released during ovulation

Answer 53

antrum

Question 54

# identify a crucial component of the female reproductive system. They're found in the ovaries, surrounding developing egg cells (oocytes) within structures called ovarian follicles

Answer 54

granulosa cells

Question 55

# identify transparent layer surrounding the oocyte (immature egg cell) in the female reproductive system

Answer 55

zona pellucida

Question 56

# identify a clear, gel-like layer surrounding the egg (oocyte) in the female reproductive system

Answer 56

zona pellucida forming

Question 57

# identify marks a clear boundary between the follicle and the vascularized stroma and acts as a blood follicle barrier

Answer 57

basal lamina

Question 58

# identify are specialized cells found in ovarian follicles, which are small sacs within the ovaries. These cells surround and nurture the developing egg (oocyte) within the follicle

Answer 58

follicular cells

Question 59

# identify connective tissue cells that provide structural support and help regulate the function of other cells

Answer 59

stromal cells

Question 60

# identify a female reproductive cell, also known as an egg cell

Answer 60

oocyte

Question 61

# identify three primordial follicle cells:

Answer 61

* oocyte * stromal cells * follicular cells

Question 62

# identify consists of an oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of epithelial cells within a basal lamina

Answer 62

ovarian follicle

Question 63

# identify * Each primary oocyte becomes surrounded by flattened support cells * provide support and nourishment to the developing oocyte | [cells of the ovaries]

Answer 63

follicular cells

Question 64

# identify Oogonia undergo mitotic divisions and enter the long prophase of the first meiotic division. Most of these cells undergo apoptotic cell death, but some complete synapsis and genetic recombination before arresting without progressing to later stages of meiosis | [cells of the ovaries]

Answer 64

primary oocytes

Question 65

# identify * Primordial germ cells undergo synchronized mitotic divisions * interconnected and undergo mitotic activity, forming a few million interconnected cells | [cells of the ovaries]

Answer 65

oogonia

Question 66

# identify These are the initial population of cells that migrate from the yolk sac to the gonadal primordia during the first month of embryonic life | [cells of the ovaries]

Answer 66

primordial cells

Question 67

# identify cells of the ovaries:

Answer 67

* primordial germ cells * oogonia * primary oocytes * follicular cells

Question 68

# identify The innermost part of the ovary, the **(?)**, contains loose connective tissue and blood vessels that enter the organ through the hilum from mesenteries suspending the ovary

Answer 68

medulla

Question 69

# identify The majority of the ovary is made up of the **(?)**, which contains a highly cellular connective tissue stroma and numerous ovarian follicles of varying sizes

Answer 69

cortex

Question 70

# identify Each ovary is covered by a layer of simple cuboidal epithelium called the **(?)**

Answer 70

surface or germinal epithelium

Question 71

# identify approximately 3 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, and 1 cm thick almond-shaped organs

Answer 71

ovary/ies