Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What change in certain hormone is related with the LH “surge” that is associated with the ovulation?
Dramatic rise of estrogens at end of follicular phase
Peripheral effects of estrogens
- (+) female accesory organs and secondary sex features
- endometrial proliferation
- thin and watery cervical mucus
Which are the only positive feedback loops in the body?
- Estrogen in onvulation
- Oxytocin in parturition
Actions of progesterone
- secretory endometrium
- thick cervical mucus
- thermogenic, increase body temperature
In the absence of anatomic abnormalities and pregnant, usually what does the amenorrhea suggest?
- hypothalamic-pituitary axis problem
- ovarian problem
What are the hypothalamic-pituitary origin that causes amenorrhea?
- Kallman’s syndrome
- functional hypothalamic amenorrhea
- amenorrhea in female athletes
- eating disorders
- hypothyroidism (incre TRH - incre prolactin)
What are the ovarian problems that cause amenorrhea?
- premature ovarian failure (premature menopause)
- repetitive ovulation failure
- annovulation (intermittent bleeding)
- policystic ovary
Treatment of Polycistic ovarian syndrome
- Metformin
- Spironolactone
Possible causes of Hirtsutism, what is the most common?
- Polycistic ovary syndrome (most common)
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Diagnostics tests to differentiate the causes of hirsutism
- DHEAS measurement (ovarian source)
- Dexamethasone suppression test (adrenal source)
What is the marker of the corpus luteum function?
17-hydroxyprogesterone
*placenta doesn’t produce it
Used as index of placental well-being and besides predispose to gestational diabetes
hPL (hCS)
Why does prolactin level increase lead in anovulation?. Situations.
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