Female Reproductive System Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is the abdominal-pelvic cavity?
Cavity that consists of the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
What is the pelvic diaphragm (or pelvic floor) and its role?
Muscular partition formed by the levatores ani and coccygei
May include the parietal pelvic fascia on their upper and lower aspects
Separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region below
Provides support for pelvis viscera (females)
Where does the ovary develop from?
The gonadal ridge
The ovary is fully enclosed by what?
Peritoneum
Becomes breached when the follicle ruptures = pain = parietal is somatic controlled
What is an ovarian cyst?
Fluid-filled lesion
Benign or malignant
Pain = stretching of the peritoneum, rupture, torsion
Bloating
Describe the structure of the uterus
Cervix – cervical canal running through centre
Body – superior wall is called the fundus
Uterine tube – isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, fimbria
Opening of uterine tube
What is the main part of the uterus that expands during pregnancy?
Fundus
Outline the cervix
Fibrous structure
External and internal Os
No children = small external Os
Children = slit-like external Os
What happens to the cervix under the influence of oestrogen?
It opens up
View epithelium lining cervical canal
Transitional zone = site where cervical cancer occurs (warty-like growths)
How does the uterus expand as the foetus grows?
Fundus expands
Uterus goes as high as the xiphisternum
What are some consequences mother faces due to foetal growth
Direct mechanical compression = reflux, constipation, incontinence
Hormones = relaxation of tissue = leaky sphincters
Describe the anatomy of the uterine tubes
Fimbriae = waft egg to tube
Infundibulum = big surface area to catch the egg
Ampulla = site of fertilisation, common site of ectopic preg
Isthmus = Medial 3rd of the uterine tube
If a young women presents with abdo pain what needs to take place?
Preg test = could be rupture ectopic preg
What types of cells are present in the uterine tubes?
Cilia = wafting
Peg = secreting factors for maintaining the egg
What is pneumoperitoneum?
Air within the peritoneum
Can happen during sex
Where does the peritoneum sit in regards to the uterus?
Superiorly lays on top
What is the round lig and lig of the ovary a remnant of?
Gubernaculum
What is the suspensory ligament of the ovary?
Neurovascular pathway bulging into the peritoneum
What is the role of the broad lig?
Double fold of peritoneum
Attaches the uterus to the pelvic walls
What is the role of the round ligament?
Its role is to keep the uterus anteverted
What is the ligament of the ovary?
Continuous with the round lig
How does a neurovascular structure reach the uterus?
Runs between the double fold of peritoneum
What is the Mesovarium
Double fold of peritoneum suspending the ovaries
What is the Mesometrium
Double fold of peritoneum between the lateral pelvic wall and uterus
