Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What is contained within the female perineum?

Answer 1

Inferior vagina
Perineal muscles
Bartholin's glands
Clitoris
Labia

Question 2

What pouches are found within the female peritoneum?

Answer 2

Vesico-uterine

Recto-uterine (pouch of Douglas)

Question 3

Where does excess fluid tend to collect in the female peritoneum?

Answer 3

Recto-uterine pouch

Question 4

How can fluid collected in the pouch of Douglas be drained?

Answer 4

Via a needle passed through the posterior fornix of the vagina (culdocentesis)

Question 5

The broad ligament of the uterus is formed from a single/double layer of peritoneum

Answer 5

Double

Question 6

What is the function of the broad ligament?

Answer 6

Helps maintain the uterus in midline position

Question 7

Where does the round ligament attach?

Answer 7

Lateral aspect of uterus and superficial tissue of female perineum

Question 8

What are the three layers of the uterus?

Answer 8

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

Question 9

The cervix makes up what fraction of the uterus in an adult?

Answer 9

1/3

Question 10

Which ligament is important in holding the uterus in position?

Answer 10

Uterosacral

Question 11

What happens if there is weakness of the uterosacral ligament?

Answer 11

Uterine prolapse

Question 12

What is the most common position of the uterus?

Answer 12

Anteverted (cervix tipped anteriorly to axis of vagina)

Anteflexed (uterus tipped anteriorly to axis of cervix)

Question 13

Give a normal variation in uterine position

Answer 13

Retroverted and retroflexed (uterus tipped posteriorly to axis of vagina/cervix)

Question 14

Why must a speculum be used in cervical smears?

Answer 14

As the walls of the vagina are usually collapsed

Question 15

Which anatomical site must be sampled in a cervical smear?

Answer 15

Squamo-columnar junction

Question 16

Where do the fimbrae of the uterine tubes open into?

Answer 16

Peritoneal cavity

Question 17

Why is it important that the fimbrae open into the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 17

PID can cause peritonitis

Ectopic pregnancy in peritoneal cavity

Question 18

What are the four fornicies of the vagina?

Answer 18

Anterior
Posterior
2 lateral

Question 19

On PV, where can the ischial spines be palpated?

Answer 19

4 and 8 o’clock positions

Question 20

How can adnexae be palpated on PV?

Answer 20

Place examining fingers into lateral fornix and press deeply in iliac fossa of same side

Question 21

What are the anatomical landmarks of the urogenital triangle?

Answer 21

Pubic symphysis

2 x ischial spine

Question 22

What are the anatomical landmarks of the anal triangle?

Answer 22

Coccyx

2 x ischial spine

Question 23

What are the nerve roots of the nerve to levator ani?

Answer 23

S3/4/5

Question 24

The perineum is supplied by which nerve?

Answer 24

Pudendal nerve

Question 25

Bartholins gland has the same function as which gland in the male?

Answer 25

Bulbourethral gland

Question 26

What is contained within the vestibule?

Answer 26

External urethral orifice | Vaginal orifice

Question 27

The female breast extends between which ribs?

Answer 27

2-6

Question 28

Breast tissue lies on which structure?

Answer 28

Deep fascia

Question 29

What are the four quadrants of the breast?

Answer 29

Upper outer Upper inner Lower outer Lower inner

Question 30

Most lymph from the breast drains to which lymph nodes?

Answer 30

Ipsilateral axillary nodes

Question 31

Lymph from the lower inner breast can drain to which lymph nodes?

Answer 31

Abdominal

Question 32

How are the levels of axillary lymph nodes classified?

Answer 32

Relation to pec minor

Question 33

Level I axillary lymph nodes are found where?

Answer 33

Inferior and lateral to pec minor

Question 34

Level II axillary lymph nodes are found where?

Answer 34

Deep to pec minor

Question 35

Level III axillary lymph nodes are found where?

Answer 35

Superior and medial to pec minor

Question 36

What happens if level III lymph nodes are removed?

Answer 36

Lymph clearance from levels I and II will be blocked off

Question 37

What is the main arterial supply of the breast?

Answer 37

Axillary artery | Internal thoracic