Female reproductive tract Flashcards
(9 cards)
During the estrous cycle, which ovarian structure is MOST responsible for hyperechoic, vascularized areas seen on ultrasound?
A) Follicles
B) Corpus luteum
C) Ovarian stroma
D) Granulosa cells
B
What sonographic feature differentiates normal postpartum uterine involution from uterine infection?
A) A postpartum uterus always has a completely anechoic lumen
B) A postpartum uterus has uniformly thickened walls with no fluid accumulation
C) A postpartum uterus exhibits mild luminal fluid that is hypoechoic to anechoic, while an infected uterus has thickened walls with echogenic or flocculent fluid
D) A postpartum uterus appears as a small, highly hyperechoic structure with strong distal acoustic shadowing
C
Which statement about Doppler ultrasonography of uterine and ovarian vasculature is TRUE?
A) Normal ovarian follicles show a high-resistance arterial waveform
B) Corpus luteum formation results in increased vascularity with low-resistance flow
C) Ovarian cysts exhibit turbulent, high-velocity blood flow on Doppler
D) Pyometra can always be diagnosed using Doppler ultrasonography
B
Which of the following ultrasound findings is MOST concerning for fetal distress in a pregnant dog?
A) Hyperechoic amniotic fluid with scattered echogenic particles
B) A biparietal diameter measurement slightly lower than expected for gestational age
C) Absent fetal heartbeat or bradycardia (heart rate < 180 bpm)
D) Mildly increased placental thickness without fluid accumulation
C
which of the following is a characteristic ultrasonographic feature of the uterus during late diestrus and anestrus?
A) 1-mm hyperechoic luminal echo with a hypoechoic inner uterine wall layer
B) Uniformly hypoechoic with no luminal echoes
C) Prominent focal enlargement of the cervix with a “bull’s eye” appearance in cross-section
D) Marked increase in uterine diameter with cystic changes
b
During which phase of the estrous cycle does the cervix appear thick-walled with hyperechoic and hypoechoic echoes within the lumen?
A) Late diestrus
B) Early anestrus
C) Proestrus and estrus
D) Mid-diestrus
c
which of the following is the earliest reliable ultrasonographic indicator of pregnancy in cats?
A) Detection of fetal heartbeats
B) Presence of gestational chambers
C) Visualization of fetal bones
D) Measurement of biparietal diameter
b
According to the normal postpartum changes, how long does uterine involution typically take in dogs?
A) 10-14 days
B) 24 days
C) 3-4 weeks
D) 6-8 weeks
c
