Femoral Triangle (No OIAN)

Question 1

borders of the femoral triangle

Answer 1

lateral- sartorius
medial - adductor longus 
medial floor pectinous 
lateral floor - iliopsoas 
base - inguinal ligament

Question 2

what part of the femoral neurovasculature is not in the femoral sheath

Answer 2

femoral nerve

Question 3

femoral ring vs canal

Answer 3

femoral ring = proximal opening of the femoral canal (entrance to abdomen)
canal is the space that holds the lymph nodes

Question 4

distal (vertical) lymph nodes

Answer 4

run along side great saphenous vein

pass deep to inguinal ligament into exteranal iliac lymph nodes

Question 5

proximal (horizontal) lymph nodes

Answer 5

inferior to inguinal ligament

Question 6

what muscles does the femoral nerve innervate

Answer 6

anterior compartment

iliac, sartorius, quadriceps femoris, pectinIius

Question 7

cutaneous innervation superior lateral portion of thigh

Answer 7

lateral femoral cutaneous

Question 8

cutaneous innervation medial anterior portion of thigh

Answer 8

cutaneous branches of femoral

Question 9

terminal branch of femoral nerve

Answer 9

saphenous nerve

Question 10

what does the saphenous nerve innervate

Answer 10

cutaneous innervation for the anterior and medial portions of the leg

Question 11

neuralgia paresthetic

Answer 11

compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve as it passes under the inguinal ligament
causes pain along lateral thigh

police officers often get it

Question 12

what travels with the great saphenous vein

Answer 12

saphenous nerve

Question 13

pathway of the saphenous nerve

Answer 13

travels in the adductor canal (does NOT pass through hiatus)

joins great saphenous vein to go down anterior portion of the leg

Question 14

what vessel can be cannulated to visualize left heart and coronary vessels

Answer 14

femoral artery

Question 15

profunda femoris

Answer 15

main anterial supply to the thigh

largest branch of femoral

Question 16

medial circumflex femoral artery

Answer 16

main supply femoral head and neck

passes between iliopsoas and pectinous (goes to posterior thigh)

Question 17

lateral circumflex femoral artery

Answer 17

supplies lateral thigh and femur head

3 branches - ascending, transverse, descending

Question 18

which vessel can be used to administer drugs or for coronary bypass surgery?

Answer 18

great saphenous vein

Question 19

what can accidentally get cut when making an incision for the great saphenous vein?

consequence?

Answer 19

saphenous nerve

pain along anterior and medial portion of leg

Question 20

westphal’s sign

Answer 20

absent or decreased patellar reflex

Question 21

patellar reflex

Answer 21

tests function of femoral nerve

L2-L4

Question 22

calcanea tendon reflex

Answer 22

tests S1 and S2

nerve root cut- ankle reflex virtually absent

Question 23

muscles that attach to pes anserinus

Answer 23

sartorius
semiTENDinosus
gracilis

Question 24

osgood-schlatter disease

Answer 24

quads pull on the tendon that connects the kneecap to shin bone

tendon pulls away from shin bone

lots of pain and swelling, can cause bony numb

Question 25

groin pull

Answer 25

at the junction between the trunk and thigh strain/tearing of proximal attachments of thigh adductor/flexor muscles have a pull between abdominal and leg muscles

Question 26

anterior thigh compartment - function/innervation

Answer 26

extension of knee , flexion ofthigh | femoral nerve

Question 27

medial thigh compartment - function/innervation

Answer 27

adduction of thigh | obturator n

Question 28

posterior thigh compartment - function/innervation

Answer 28

flexion of knee, extension of thigh | sciatic nerve

Question 29

what fibers transmit pain from the synovium

Answer 29

unmyelinated C fibers (nociceptive) induced by prostaglandin E2

Question 30

ACL - O/I

Answer 30

from anterior part of intercondylar area of tibia to the lateral surface of medial condyle of femur

Question 31

when is the ACL taut

Answer 31

taut when leg is extended

Question 32

What does the ACL prevent

Answer 32

prevents posterior displacement of femur and anterior displacement of tibia

Question 33

anterior drawer sign

Answer 33

pull the tibia forward when the knee is flexed it should not displace on the femur (it will if ACL is torn)

Question 34

PCL O/I

Answer 34

from posterior part of intercondylar area of tibia to the lateral surface of medial condyle of femur

Question 35

when is PCL taut

Answer 35

taut when leg is flexed

Question 36

what does the PCL prevent?

Answer 36

prevents the femur from sliding anteriorly on the tibia

Question 37

posterior drawer sign

Answer 37

push the tibia inward while the knee is flexed it should not displace on femur- if it does PCL is torn

Question 38

which part of the menisci is thicker?

Answer 38

external margin (internal margin is thinner and not attached to joint capsule)

Question 39

what jones the menisci of the knee together?

Answer 39

transverse ligament of the knee

Question 40

medial meniscus attachment to PCL

Answer 40

posterior horn of the medial meniscus

Question 41

lateral meniscus attachment to PCL

Answer 41

posterior meniscofemoral ligament

Question 42

unhappy triad odonaheu

Answer 42

medial meniscus + ACL + MCL lateral blow to knee while foot is flexed on the ground

Question 43

unhappy triad (modern)

Answer 43

lateral meniscus + ACL + MCL