Femur

Question 1

Thompson VS 2020

Experimental study
wire config greater trochanter osteotomy

Answer 1

double loop strongest and most stable

Question 2

Peterson VS 2020

Radiographic measurement of femoral alignment in sagittal plane

Answer 2

Proximal CORONA 8.5deg, distal 65deg
aCdPFA 23.7, mCdDFA 30.9

Question 3

Scheuermann VS 2023

MIPO femoral # with 3D bone models, custom surgical guides, Fracture Reduction System

Answer 3

-Custom surgical guide reduce fluoro use a/w MIPO

Question 4

Bondonny VCOT 2023

MOdified IM pin (cranial to CdCL) + antirotational pin in lateral femoral condyle
distal femoral physeal fracture
31 cats

Answer 4

majority full functional outcome

Question 5

Vink VCOT 2022

femoral capital physeal fractures with cortical positional screws in cats

Answer 5

sig increase in OA and femoral neck osteolysis at 6w FU rads

but 90% no lameness at 6w

scoring of femoral neck osteolysis

Question 6

Moya VS 2022

11 dogs with capital physeal fractures or neck fractures

Answer 6

satisfactory in 77%
38% complications

Question 7

Vreught JSAP 2024

femoral capital physeal fractures using transcervical pinning in cats

Answer 7

10% major, 24% catastrophic complications - catastrophic comps in those with high preop osteolysis grade (2 or 3)

outcomes may be good with proper case selection

Question 8

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

Answer 8

-Compared to avascular necrosis of the femoral head (Legg Calve PErthes disease) in dogs but this is not accurate as the blood supply to the femoral head in cats is more robust, including the artery of the teres ligament which provides poor supply in the dog

-cats may have spontaneous femoral capital physeal fracture
-delayed physeal closure may be predisposing factor, a/w prepubertal neutering

Rads:
Widened physis
subsequent progressive lytic areas in femoral head and neck
displacement of proximal femoral epiphysis

Histology:
-wided physis
-clumps of irregular chondrocytes
-absence of normal matruation of physis and disorganisation of articular cartilage near physis
-zone of hypertrophy is absent, and there is widening of zone of proliferation
-abdunant ECM
-lytic areas in bone correspond to necrosis sclerosis and remodelling

cf SHI #: should not have lysis and histopath normal chondrocytes

Butts JFMS 2023: S-sign on both VD extended and frogleg successfully identifed SCFE and can help with early dx