Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Embryology > Fertilization > Flashcards

Fertilization Flashcards

(63 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Capacitation

A

glycoprotein coat and seminal plasma proteins are removed from the plasma membrane that overlies the acrosomal region of the spermatozoa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acrisomal reaction

A

Release of acrosin, esterase or neuroaminidase

Elicited by zona pellucida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phases of fertilization

A

Penetration of corona radiata
Penetration of zona pellucida
Fusion of the sperm and oocyte plasma membrane
Completion of 2°meiotic division/ Formation of female pro nucleus
Formation of male pro nucleus
Fusion of pronucleuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Phases of embryology

A 
Zygote
Morula
Blastomere
Gastrula
Neurula
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Results of fertilization

A

Restoration of the diploid number of chromosomes
Determination of chromosomal sex of the new individual
Initiation of cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Zygote transported to uterus by

A

Peristalsis

Ciliary beats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

First week of development

A

Cleavage
Blastocyst formation
Implantation begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

30 hrs after fertilization

A

2 cell stage

Blastomere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Day three

A

Morula

16 cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Day 4

A

Uterine fluid gushes in
Trophoblast and embryoblast formed
Blastocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Day 5

A

Blastocyst(100-150 cells)
Zona pellucida degraded
HCG released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Day 6

A

Implantation begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

After implantation functional endometrial layer converted to

A

decidua

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Day 8

A

Syncithiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast
Hypoblast and Epiblast
Amniotic cavity forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trophoblasts

A

Enzyme for zona pellucida degradation

Release Human chorion gonadotropin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

endometrial stromal cell become swollen & filled with glycogen called

A

decidual reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

mediate initial attachment of the blastocyst to the uterus

A

L selectin on trophoblast cells and its carbohydrate receptors on the uterine epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cytotrophoblast

A

Secrete enzymes for uterine breakdown

Products absorbed by Syncythiotrophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Placenta previa

A

Near internal os

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Day 9

A

Lacunae form
Exocoelomic membrane
Fibrin coagulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Day 11-12

A

Blood flows into the lacunae forming uteroplacental circulation
Extraembryonic mesoderm forms and cavities begin to form between them
Decidua reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Extra embryonic cavity aka

A

Chorionic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

13 day

A

Masses pinch of the primary yolk sac and form the secondary yolk sac and the exocolemic cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

3rd week

A

characterized by formation of primitive streak and 3 germ layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
By gastrulation stage we can identify
craniocaudal axis cranial and caudal ends dorsal and ventral surfaces right and left sides
26
Remnants of primitive streak
Sacrococcygeal Teratomas
27
Functions of notochord
Defines primordial axis of the embryo Provides rigidity to the embryo Serves as a basis for the development of the axial skeleton Indicates the future site of the vertebral bodies/column Regulates differentiation of surrounding structures Nucleus pulposus
28
Remnants of notochordal tissue give rise to
Chordomas
29
Inward movement of epiblast
Invagination
30
embryonic mesoderm separate ectoderm and endoderm completely except
Oropharyngeal membrane cranially Cloacal membrane caudally In the middle cranial to primitive node where notochordal process extends
31
Process of formation of neural plate, neural folds & their closure to form neural tube
Neurulation
32
Nerulation induced by
Notochord formation
33
Somites development
Intraembyonic mesoderm-> paraxial mesoderm->somites
34
Somites function
Axial skeleton Musculature Dermis
35
agents such as drugs and viruses that produce or increase the incidence of congenital anomalies
Teratogens
36
Teratogens
agents such as drugs and viruses that produce or increase the incidence of congenital anomalies.
37
Neural tube forms the
CNS
38
Neural crest forms the
PNS
39
The cranial pit becomes the& separated from gut tube by .
oral pit (stomodeum) , oropharyngeal membrane
40
The caudal pit becomes the separated from caudal end of primitive gut by .
anal pit (proctodeum), cloacal membrane
41
Dorsal end of yolk sac
Primitive gut
42
Primitive gut
Foregut Midgut Hindgut
43
The development of the cardiovascular system is essential because
diffusion of nutrients by the early uteroplacental circulation can no longer satisfy the nutritional needs of the rapidly developing embryo
44
Derivatives of Ectoderm
Attractoderm | Mouth, eyes, hair, skin, nervous system, adrenal medulla, pituitary gland, nail, anus, mammary gland
45
Mesoderm derivatives
Musculoderm or CT | Muscle, dermis, bone, cartilage, adrenal cortex, circulatory system, kidney, gonad, spleen
46
Endoderm derivatives
Tubingderm | Liver, pancreas, respiratory tract, GI tract, lower urinary tract, thyroid, thymus
47
9th-12th week
Primary ossification centers appear Urine formation Genitalia distinguished
48
13-16th week
Rapid growth Ossification begins Primordial follicles
49
17th-20th week
Growth slows down Fetal movements are commonly felt by the mother The skin is covered with vernix caseosa. covered with fine hair called lanugo Uterus formed Testes begins descent Brown fat forms
50
21st-25th week
Weight gain | Surfactant
51
Surfactant secreted by
types II pneumocytes
52
26th-29th
Safe for Pre mature birth | Eyes open
53
30th-34th week
Pupillary light reflex Pink skin Descent of testis continues till 32nd week or above 8% fat
54
35th-38th week
``` Firm grasp 16% fat Prominent chest White or bluish-pink skin Testes in scrotum ```
55
MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES cause
multiple ova & abundant spermatozoa = Dizygotic or Multizygotic May develop by splitting of the zygote, morula, or blastocyst = Monozygotic
56
Dizygotic twins
Two ova and two sperm Placenta may fuse Separate amnion and chorion
57
When placenta fuse, the blood vessels may anastomose & blood mixes forming blood group
chimesas
58
Monozygotic twins
One ova and one sperm | Splitting
59
Early separation
30 hours after fertilization | 2 chorion, placenta and amnion
60
Implanted close
Separated at 1 week 1 chorion and placenta 2 amnion
61
Late separation
2 weeks 1 amnion, chorion and placenta Conjoined, parasitic, or separate twins
62
site of attachment of conjoined (Siamese) twins
Thoracopagus Pygopagus Craniopagus Omphalopagus Craniothoracopagus Massive fusion
63
the fertilization of two or more oocytes at different times.
Superfecundation

Embryology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions