Feudalism

Question 1

Main Idea-Feudalism

Answer 1

Europeans developed feudalism, a political and military system of protective alliances and relationships

Question 2

Relevance-Feudalism

Answer 2

The rights and duties of feudal relationships helped shape today’s forms of representative government

Question 3

What did the Barbarians do after the fall of Rome?

Answer 3

Carved out their own kingdoms in Europe, in the former Roman Empire

Question 4

What threatened Europe’s stability after the fall of Rome?

Answer 4

Multiple invasions, but the most threatening were the Muslim and Viking

Question 5

What were the five pillars of Islam?

Answer 5

Belief, Worship, Fasting, Almsgiving, and Pilgrimage

Question 6

Muhammed

Answer 6

tradesman born into a pagan world who interacted with Jews and Christians and eventually became Islam’s founder

Question 7

Pillar I of Islam-Belief

Answer 7

There is only one God and Muhammed is the messenger

Question 8

Pillar II of Islam-Worship

Answer 8

Pray 5x a day

Question 9

Pillar III of Islam-Fasting

Answer 9

Fast often, especially during Ramadan

Question 10

Pillar IV of Islam-Almsgiving

Answer 10

Give to poor

Question 11

Pillar V of Islam-Pilgrimage

Answer 11

Go to Mecca once in life

Question 12

Why were the Middle Ages called the Dark Ages? (What were the main events?)

Answer 12

War (crusades,) Plague (Black Death,) Famine, Poverty, Lack of cultural achievements or progress, rampant superstition, dominance of the Church, Persecutions, Anti-semitism

Question 13

How long after the Barbarian establishment of their kingdoms did the Muslims and Vikings invade?

Answer 13

7 centuries.

Question 14

What was the psychological impact of the fall of Rome?

Answer 14

Mass depression and fear

Question 15

How was the psychological state of Rome symbolized by the state of the Colosseum during the Dark Ages?

Answer 15

It had deteriorated and was now a landfill and haven for animals, as well as a place for the poor to sleep.

Question 16

Jihad (regular definition and according to terrorists.)

Answer 16

Struggles. Terrorists-holy war.

Question 17

Infidel

Answer 17

non believer (Muslim)

Question 18

What was the major Muslim goal in the 8th century?

Answer 18

To conquer the world

Question 19

What was the Muslim belief on infidels?

Answer 19

If they kill themselves while killing infidels they’ll go straight to heaven.

Question 20

Who was Hasan al Banna?

Answer 20

Founder of Muslim brotherhood

Question 21

Quote on Jihad-Hasan al Banna

Answer 21

“Jihad is an obligation from Allah on every Muslim and cannot be ignored nor evaded. Allah has ascribed great importance to jihad and has made the reward of the martyrs and the fighters in His way a splendid one….Their pure blood is a symbol of victory in this world and the mark of success and felicity in the world to come.”

Question 22

Who were the Franks?

Answer 22

A Germanic tribe who had invaded the empire

Question 23

Who was the military commander of the Franks?

Answer 23

Charles Martel

Question 24

Why couldn’t the Muslims and Franks compromise when the Muslims invaded?

Answer 24

The Muslim ideology was all or nothing

Question 25

How did the Frank and Muslim conflict end up?

Answer 25

Them fighting the Muslims, who are undefeated

Question 26

Significance of Charles Martel

Answer 26

He was savior of Christianity in Europe

Question 27

What was the Battle of Tours?

Answer 27

A conflict between the invading Moors (Muslims) and Franks

Question 28

What is the major goal of the invading Moors?

Answer 28

Expand empire and spread the faith of Muhammed

Question 29

What did the Moors believe was their "religious mission?"

Answer 29

To rule over the world and bring God justice and institute God's order

Question 30

How large was the Muslim army?

Answer 30

50,000 men

Question 31

Where did Martel position his army at Tours?

Answer 31

On a wooded ridge hill

Question 32

How did Martel earn the nickname, "The Hammer,"

Answer 32

He won the battle and save Christianity

Question 33

What was the Viking motivation to invade?

Answer 33

Land and money/treasure

Question 34

What were Vikings good at?

Answer 34

robbing churches and monastaries so they ahd many precious objects

Question 35

What are they going to do w the Vikings?

Answer 35

Build castles for defense

Question 36

Feudalism

Answer 36

The organized social system in medieval Europe in which nobility held lands from the king in exchange for military service

Question 37

How does feudalism work?

Answer 37

King gives land to Lord, who divides that among lesser lords, who act as knights and pledge to defend Lord and his land, and the peasants live on lord's land and work it in return for food, housing, and protection.

Question 38

Practical difference between Lord and lord

Answer 38

How much $ they make

Question 39

What is the feudal system based on?

Answer 39

Mutual obligation

Question 40

Stages of becoming a knight

Answer 40

Page, squire, and knight

Question 41

Page

Answer 41

Learning the basics at age 7

Question 42

Squire

Answer 42

Hands on training at age 16

Question 43

Knight

Answer 43

Dubbed/initiated at age 20

Question 44

What did knights need?

Answer 44

Chivalry and knowledge of how to fight

Question 45

What was encouraged of the knights?

Answer 45

Have a chosen women, steel (strong + brave) but silk (kind)

Question 46

Purpose of Tournaments

Answer 46

knights to show off skills, keep in shape and their skills sharp

Question 47

Major events in tournaments

Answer 47

Sword fighting (with wooden swords, no harm done,) archery, (legend says split arrows,) and jousting (with a lance.)

Question 48

How could a knight win a tournament?

Answer 48

Getting most amount of points

Question 49

Nobles=

Answer 49

Lords

Question 50

Name for peasants

Answer 50

serfs

Question 51

How did serfs live?

Answer 51

In straw/dung walls, w/o security, w/ animals, hearth at center (w hole in ceiling,) foodon ceiling (simple furniture,) lofts with flea infested mats, pests in house

Question 52

In feudalism, what happened if the man of the house died?

Answer 52

Widow and children lived on own or became slaves

Question 53

In feudalism, what happened if they got sick?

Answer 53

Had to take care of selves. Went to church.

Question 54

What is secure about life of peasant?

Answer 54

Always food and protection provided for.

Question 55

Describe medieval art?

Answer 55

2D, Christian, Dull colors, disproportionate figures, no perspective

Question 56

Timeline-Barbarian Invasion

Answer 56

200 CE – Wars in East Asia prompt the Huns, a nomadic people, to migrate into Central Asia. This begins the domino effect. 350 CE – The Huns push Germanic Barbarian tribes out of Europe and into Roman territory. The Romans get nervous as tribes move closer to Rome. 378 CE – The Visigoths, a Germanic tribe, defeat the Romans at the battle of Adrianople and more invaders attack Rome’s borders in the west. 410 CE – The Visigoths occupy large parts of the western Roman Empire and plunder Rome itself. 434 CE – Attila the Hun, called the “scourge of God” by Christians, conquers much of Europe and forces more Germanic peoples into the Roman Empire. Attila was called this by Christians because he was viewed as a someone sent by God, to punish the Romans for their barbaric and self-indulgent behavior. 476 CE – The Germanic leader Odoacer ousts the last Roman emperor of the west named Romulus Augustus. Most historians state that this is the year in which Rome officially fell. Rome began with a Romulus and ended with a Romulus!