ffinal Flashcards
(49 cards)
cement warehouse calucaltionss
A = 0.4*N/n
A = area required
N = # sandbags
n = max stack layers (13)
0.4 = area of one
#cement bag = 40 kg
*IF > 600 bags only store a third at site (multiply by 1/3)
quantity take off temporary facility
Temporarily installed facilities to support construction works at the site
GC decide method/material
scaffold tempreatry calucations
gives space for workers temporary
Types
1. staright line
2. double line
Target
#Surface area vertical for scaffolding
FORMULA
(Sum of perimeter + 8D)H
D = seperation distance = 0.45 single, 0.9 double
H - height
*Perimeter = square if weired shape
Foundation types
Individaul
= form of single upright column
Combined
=multiple com,bined columns
Strip
= entire wall = foundation
Map
=many many upright columns
Earthwork
3 main steps
1. excavation
= remove soild in ground
- Backfill
= soil placment and tamping - Residual soil treatment
Estimate all 3
Earthwork Estimation
Excavation volume
= volume of what is removed and values are given, easy to find
Backgfill
= ((Volume excavation - volume 2(given))1/Sh)Sw
Sw = percent swell = percent which it increases by
BCM * Sw = LCM
typ value = 1.25
Sh = shirnkage factor = compact volume to bank volume
BCM * Sh = CCm
typ value = 0.9
Residual vlume
= (1-(1-2)1/Sh)Sw
Soil Volume Units
Bacnk cubic meter = natural state
Loose cubic meter = swelled from distruption/movement
Compacted cubic meter = soil compacted and becomes dense
Reinforced concrete
Everyewher
in foundation
slab
wall
column
beam/girder
COMPONENTS
fine aggregate = sand
coarse aggregate = gravel
Cement = 10-15%
aggreageate - 60-75% (1:2 fine to coarse)
water 15-20%
RC calculate
Volume = BHL
Formwork = contact area = sides = 2AH + 2BH
Mass rebar
SURETY BOND DEFINITION
DEFINITION
A bond is a guarantee by one person (the surety) that if another person (the contractor) does not fulfill a responsibility to another (the owner) the surety will
THIRD PARTY AGGREMENT where
contractor = principal (required to be bonded)
owner is obligee (requireed bonds)
wurety is guranter(provide bonds to protect obligee from any mishap by principal)
Surety gurantee PARTICULAR ACTIVVIES OF CONTRACTOR(PRCINPIOPAL) to owner and contractor workers
BOND vs Insurance
INSURANCE = relieve contrcator from LOSS due to claims or damages insued
Surety bond
= GURANTEE PREFORMANCEW of deifned contract duty
= bond is CREDIT (CONTRACTOR = liable for all losses/payment by bond company)
= Guranttee to OWNER
SURETY AS CONTRACT
Contract
Failur in duty = breach of contract
= REQUIRED BY LAW IN PUBLIC CONTRACT
GC CAN REQUIRE BOND FROM SUB CONTRACTOR
SURETY COVERAGE
if GC FAILS to fullfill contract obligation surety assumes obligation seeing contract compelted and paying costs upto bond face amount
resposible for FINISHING CONTRACT
SURETY WHY?
construction = RISKY
HOw surety WOrks
bond CANNOT be invoked until BREACH of contract
BONDS = WRITTEN documents
Obligation ofo bond = PROVISION of document
for PRIVATE = OWNERS call
amount surety liable for = PENALTY AMOUNT
BOND TYPES
bid
preformance
paymetn
GC Duties/responsibilites ionn bond
- honor bid and sign all contracts
- preform objective of contract
- pay all costs for work
honor bid and sign all contracts: bid bond
Gurantees that:
enter into contract and provide other bonds required by bidding documents
pay difference btwn bid and next loewts responsible bid
up to limit of bid guranttee or pay damages
Surety= Recommended amount is 5-10% of max. possible contract amount
preformance bond to pregform objective
contractor or surety complete project
protect owner from costs about contract sum
surety has 3 choies
1. complete contract through competion contractor
2. select new contractor to contract directly with owner
3. allow owner to complete work within surety paying the costs
face valu eof bond = amount of money
Payment Bond
pay gurantted, usually 100 percent
protects opwner from paying those not payed
risk managemtn 5 steps
- Recognize/Idenitfy risks
- identify risk exposure
- decide how to eliminate
elimination
assume risk
get INSURANCE - company program
- montiro results
Construciton risks
property-related risks
libaility risks
worker related risks
insurance covers contractors for these risks
Insurance + risk managment
NOT ELIVIMANTE but SHIFT to professional risk bearer
insurance companies PAY FOR LOSSES and WORK ALONGSIDE the project for risk managemetn
Why Insurance
- owner needs it
- cover risks
- required by law
- insurance comapny attournies defense in court
