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Question 1

Population definition

Answer 1

-Is the whole number of people or inhabitants in a country or region.

Question 2

The study of population is often referred to as

Answer 2

demography

Question 3

define urbanisation

Answer 3

the increase in propotion of people living in urban areas

Question 4

• Urbanisation occurs because

Answer 4

people move from rural areas
(countryside) to urban areas (towns and cities).

Question 5

Population Density

Answer 5

The number of people living in a
given area, usually per km2.
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Question 6

Examples of countries with high and low population density

Answer 6

Singapore is a country with a very high population
density and Australia is a country with a very low
population density.VIDEO

Question 7

Population Distribution:

Answer 7

This is how a population is spread
out around a country or an area. If a country’s population is
distributed in a regular pattern then that is even distribution.

Question 8

Sparse population:

Answer 8

When not many people live
in an area

Question 9

Dense population

Answer 9

When a lot of people live in
an area

Question 10

Causes of Sparse Population

Answer 10

*Mountainous area e.g. Himalayas that are hard to build houses and transports links
on.

*Very hot or very cold area e.g. Sahara desert or Antarctica

*A heavily forested area e.g. the Amazon Rainforest

*Areas that flood a lot e.g. Mekong river delta

*No jobs

*Poor supply of electricity, gas and water

*Poor communications

*Shortage of natural resources

*No schools or hospitals

*Areas that regularly suffer from natural disasters e.g.
volcanoes or droughts

Question 11

Causes of dense population

Answer 11

*Coastal areas that are good for fishing, trading etc.

*A flat area of land that is easy to build on

*Areas that are close to a good supply of water .

*Areas with good natural resources e.g. wood or good

*Areas that are close to good fertile agricultural land

*Areas with good developed transport links

*Plenty of available jobs

*Available electricity and water supply

*Good communications e.g. internet and mobile phone network

*Good quality schools and hospitals

Question 12

Birth rates:

Answer 12

The number of births per 1000 of population per
year.

Question 13

Fertility rate:

Answer 13

The average number of children a female is
expected to have in their lifetime.

Question 14

Death rates:

Answer 14

The number of deaths per 1000 of population per
year.

Question 15

Natural increase:

Answer 15

When birth rates are higher than
death rates.

Question 16

Natural decrease

Answer 16

When death rates are higher than birth rates

Question 17

Infant mortality

Answer 17

The number of deaths before the age of 1 per 1000 of live births per year

Question 18

Life expectancy

Answer 18

The average lifetime an individual is expected to live within a country

Question 19

Ageing population

Answer 19

When propotion of old dependents increase in a county

Question 20

Youth population

Answer 20

When the propotion of eople aged less than 16 increase in a country

Question 21

Migration

Answer 21

The movement from one location to another location.

-Migration can be due to push factors or pull factors

Question 22

A)Forced Migration:

Answer 22

When people have no personal choice but to move, often
because their life is in danger.

Question 23

B)Voluntary Migration:

Answer 23

When people freely choose to migrate e.g. for better
weather or better universities.

Question 24

Push Factors

Answer 24

*No jobs

*Low salary

*Pollution and congestion

*Bad weather

*Crime

*Poor education and healthcare

*Poor housing

*Religious or political persecution

*Wars or political instability

*Forced labour as slaves or prisoners of war

*Racial discrimination

*Lack of food due to famine

*Natural disasters caused by floods,earthquakes,volcanic eruptions

Question 25

Pull factors

Answer 25

*Better jobs *Better salary *Better schools and hospitals(social amenities) *Peaceful and safe *Friends and family already living there *Pioneers developing new areas *Trade and economic expansion *Territorial expansion *Better climate especially on retirement

Question 26

REASONS FOR NATURAL INCREASE IN POPULATION

Answer 26

-Agricultural based society (need for people to farm and collect water). *Religious beliefs *High infant mortality (if some babies may die, couples will be tempted to have more children) *No care homes or pensions so old dependents will need their children to care for them in old age. *Pro-natalist policies (governments encouraging couples to have more children)

Question 27

problems of high population

Answer 27

PROBLEMS OF HIGH POPULATION video *There could be unemployment because there are not enough jobs for everyone *There could be a shortage of schools and hospitals *There could be a shortage of houses and informal settlements grow *Congestion may increase as there are more cars, buses, etc. on the road *Prices may increase as demand for houses, resources, etc. increase (inflation) *There may be a shortage of clean drinking water, electricity, etc. *There may be an increase in air, noise and water pollution e.g. open sewers, fires, etc. *The rural-urban fringe may be damaged as informal settlements are built

Question 28

Urban Growth

Answer 28

-Urban growth is an increase in the urbanized land cover. -One possible means of urban growth is by urban extension.

Question 29

-Urban growth according to spontaneous or unplanned urban development is called...?

Answer 29

urban sprawl

Question 30

Benefits of living in urban areas

Answer 30

lots of interseting things to do good shops hospital and health services all kinds of eating places airports frequent buses and trains well paid jobs colleges, universitys, and all kinds of classes lots of people who share ur interests

Question 31

disadvantages of living in urban areas

Answer 31

pollution ppl dont know their next door neighbours many ppl feel isolated noise competition for houses struggling through traffic to get to work

Question 32

*Problems of urban growth in urban areas:

Answer 32

·Overcrowded ·Unable to obtain jobs/low pay ·Pressure on schools/hospitals ·Increased crime rates ·Difficulties of waste/litter ·Traffic congestion

Question 33

problems of urban growth in the environment

Answer 33

·Loss of vegetation ·Loss of habitats ·Impacts on food chains ·Pollution of rivers ·Death of fish/other species ·Pollution of groundwater/Air/atmospheric pollution

Question 34

SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEMS:

Answer 34

1.Building high rise buildings 2.Upgrading of the slum areas 3. Registration – laws and fines to the offenders 4. Encourage use of public means of transport, charge High parking fee, remove roundabouts, have ring roads(bypass ) carpooling. 5.Encourage self employment, equip the people will skills and give soft loans. 6. Regular unclogging of drainage systems

Question 35

Making towns and cities more sustainable

Answer 35

-Something is sustainable if it will benefit us socially and economically, into the future, and not harm the environment. -We can make towns and cities more sustainable - more pleasant to live in,with less pollution, less energy waste,and less hassle.

Question 36

Here are some ways of Making towns and cities more sustainable

Answer 36

build energy-efficient homes that need little or no heating in winter and are cool in summer - and make them cheap to buy or rent! cut car use by having brilliant public transport with low ticket prices; and cycle tracks; and safe and pleasant walkways reduce travel times build homes closer to workplaces, and vice versa go greener more trees, parks, green roofs provide more for young people to do -a place where you can follow your interest, whatever it is (acting, music, carpentry, programming