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Flight perfomance > FGGGNC > Flashcards

FGGGNC Flashcards

1
Q

What is a type certificate and certificate of registration?

A

Type certificate - when new model is made (Its safe)

Certificate of registration - A specific aircraft is safe

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2
Q

What are the Airframe Limitations

A

Maximum Take-Off Mass (MTOM)
> MSTOM - Fixed digits
> PLTOM - How environment affects it

Maximum Landing Mass (MLM)
> MLM - Fixed
> PLLM - Variable number (external conditions)

Maximum Zero Fuel Mass (MZFM)
> Max allowance with no usable fuel

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3
Q

Maximum Take-Off Mass (MTOM)…

A

Maximum Structural Take-Off Mass

Performance Limited Take-Off Mass

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4
Q

Maximum Landing Mass (MLM)…

A

Maximum Landing Mass

Performance Limited Landing Mass

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5
Q

Maximum Zero Fuel mass (MZFM)…

A

Max allowance with no usable fuel

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6
Q

Factors that affect air density are?

A

Altitude- higher = less dense

Temp - heat = expansion = less dense

Humidity - High humidity = less dense

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7
Q

The density equation is..

A

Density = Mass (KG)/Volume (Litres)

Driving Motor Vehicle

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8
Q

If there is a low density then…

A

Less air to mix with fuel for mixture

Less air molecules providing suction for lift (70% suction and 30% push)

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9
Q

What is the relation between height and temp?

A

Every 1000ft = 2 degrees decrees

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10
Q

Relationship between Pressure altitude and Flight level ?

A

FL - 050 = PA 5000

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11
Q

The Fahrenheit equation is…

A

F = (C * 1.8) + 32

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12
Q

Convert 20 degrees Celsius into Fahrenheit

A

68 degrees Fahrenheit

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13
Q

Convert 98 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

36.67 degrees Fahrenheit

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14
Q

What are nine variables that affect Take-off/Landing Performance?

A 
Aeroplane weight
Aerodrome Pressure altitude 
Temp
Wind
Runway length
Runway slope
Runway surface
Flap setting 
Humidity
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15
Q

Open flaps Take-Off leads to…

A

More lift = shorter ground run needed
BUT
lower climb

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16
Q

Closed flaps leads to…

A

Less lift = longer ground run needed BUT

higher/steeper climb

17
Q

At high altitude, there is a decrease in…

A

Temp
Humidity
Pressure

18
Q

Take-Off Distance speed needed is…

A

20% faster than stall speed

19
Q

Weight during take-off will…

A

Increase stalling speed and decrease climb performance

Increases ground run distance by 20%

20
Q

An increased density altitude means for take-off

A

A longer distance is needed

21
Q

The equation for Density Altitude is…

A

Density Altitude = Pressure Altitude (ft) +- (120 * ISA Deviation)

(+ if hotter)
(- if colder)

22
Q

The equation for temperature is…

A

Temp = 15 - (2 * Pressure Altitude/1000)

23
Q

With
SHORT, DRY, GRASS
the increase in distance is…

A

20%

24
Q

With
LONG, DRY, GRASS
the increase in distance is…

A

25%

25
Q

With
LONG, WET, GRASS
the increase in distance is…

A

35%

26
Q

If there is a 2% upslope then…

A

10% increase in distance

27
Q

If there is a 2% downslope then…

A

10% decrease in distance

28
Q

The safety factor for take off is…

A
  1. 33
    (e. g. If required runway is 1000m, upslope with short dry grass then equation would be

1000 * 1.1 * 1.2 * 1.33
= 1755.6

So an aircraft that only requires 1000m with these conditions would need
1755.6 m

29
Q

Landing Performance approach speed is…

A

30% higher than the stall speed

To allow for a go around if needed

30
Q

Landing Performance approach speed minimum is…

A

30% higher than the stall speed

(1.3 multiplier)

(To allow for a go around if needed)

31
Q

If weight is increased by 10% then…

A

distance to take-off increases by 10%

32
Q

Safety factor for landing is…

A

1.43

33
Q

Weight during Landing will…

A

Increase stalling speed (1.3 multiplier not enough)

34
Q

An increase in density Altitude when landing means…

A

A longer distance is needed

35
Q

Why take-off and Land into Headwind?

A

Take-off: Increases lift
BUT
slow

Landing: Allows more air molecules to hit wing providing lift at slower Ground speeds

36
Q

Why not to Take-off and Land into tailwind?

A

Take-Off: Increases speed required to take off
Extra distance needed 20%

Landing: Groundspeed faster. longer runway needed

37
Q

When landing open flaps…

A

1) Stall speed decreased

2) Steeper decline (See more)

38
Q

What is ISA Deviation?

A

The amount of degrees the Outside Atmosphere Temperature (OAT) is from the ISA

Flight perfomance (4 decks)

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