Fianle exame

Question 1

A speech that introduces the main speaker to the audience.

Answer 1

speech of introduction

Question 1

A speech that presents someone a gift, an award, or some other form of public recognition.

Answer 1

speech of presentation

Question 2

A speech that gives thanks for a gift, an award, or some other form of public recognition.

Answer 2

acceptance speech

Question 3

A speech that pays tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.

Answer 3

commemorative speech

Question 4

What are some guidelines for an acceptance speech?

Answer 4

You thank the people who are bestowing the award and recognize the people who helped you gain it.

Question 5

The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase.

Answer 5

denotative meaning

Question 6

The meaning suggested by the associations or emotions triggered by a word or phrase.

Answer 6

connotative meaning

Question 7

A book of synonyms.

Answer 7

thesaurus

Question 8

Words that refer to tangible objects.

Answer 8

concrete words

Question 9

Words that refer to ideas or concepts.

Answer 9

abstract words

Question 10

Discourse that takes many more words than are necessary to express an idea.

Answer 10

clutter

Question 11

The use of vivid language to create mental images of objects, actions, or ideas.

Answer 11

imagery

Question 12

An explicit comparison, introduced with the word “like” or “as,” between things that are essentially different yet have something in common.

Answer 12

simile

Question 13

A trite or overused expression.

Answer 13

cliché

Question 14

An implicit comparison, not introduced with the word “like” or “as,” between two things that are essentially different yet have something in common.

Answer 14

metaphor

Question 15

The pattern of sound in a speech created by the choice and arrangement of words.

Answer 15

rhythm

Question 16

The similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences.

Answer 16

parallelism

Question 17

Reiteration of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences.

Answer 17

repetition

Question 18

Repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

Answer 18

alliteration

Question 19

The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structure.

Answer 19

antithesis

Question 20

Language that does not stereotype, demean, or patronize people on the basis of gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or other factors.

Answer 20

inclusive language

Question 21

The vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain.

Answer 21

hearing

Question 22

Paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear.

Answer 22

listening

Question 23

Listening for pleasure or enjoyment.

Answer 23

appreciative listening

Question 24

Listening to provide emotional support for a speaker.

Answer 24

empathic listening

Question 25

Listening to understand the message of a speaker.

Answer 25

comprehensive listening

Question 26

Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it.

Answer 26

critical listening

Question 27

The difference between the rate at which most people talk (120 to 180 words a minute) and the rate at which the brain can process language (400 to 500 words a minute).

Answer 27

spare “brain time”

Question 28

Giving undivided attention to a speaker in a genuine effort to understand the speaker’s point of view.

Answer 28

active listening

Question 29

An outline that briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form.

Answer 29

key-word outline

Question 30

A listing of all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.

Answer 30

catalogue

Question 31

A number used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

Answer 31

call number

Question 32

A work that synthesizes a large amount of related information for easy access by researchers.

Answer 32

reference work

Question 33

A summary of a magazine or journal article, written by someone other than the original author.

Answer 33

abstract

Question 34

An organization that, in the absence of a clearly identified author, is responsible for the content of a document on the Internet.

Answer 34

sponsoring organization

Question 35

A list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

Answer 35

preliminary bibliography

Question 36

A specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

Answer 36

brief example

Question 37

A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

Answer 37

example

Question 38

A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

Answer 38

extended example

Question 39

Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it.

Answer 39

quoting out of context

Question 40

A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern.

Answer 40

spatial order

Question 41

A method of speech organization in which the main points show a cause-effect relationship.

Answer 41

causal order

Question 42

The materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.

Answer 42

supporting materials

Question 43

A word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationships among them.

Answer 43

connective

Question 44

A very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas.

Answer 44

signpost

Question 45

Anything that happens or is regarded as happening.

Answer 45

event

Question 46

A systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product.

Answer 46

process

Question 47

A belief, theory, idea, notion, principle, or the like.

Answer 47

concept

Question 48

To present one’s ideas in human terms that relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience.

Answer 48

personalize

Question 49

The name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as credibility.

Answer 49

ethos

Question 50

credibility

Answer 50

The audience’s perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic. The two major factors influencing a speaker’s credibility are competence and character.

Question 51

initial credibility

Answer 51

The credibility of a speaker before she or he starts to speak.

Question 52

derived credibility

Answer 52

The credibility of a speaker produced by everything she or he says and does during the speech.

Question 53

terminal credibility

Answer 53

The credibility of a speaker at the end of the speech.

Question 54

creating common ground

Answer 54

A technique in which a speaker connects himself or herself with the values, attitudes, or experiences of the audience.

Question 55

evidence

Answer 55

Supporting materials used to prove or disprove something.

Question 56

The name used by Aristotle for the logical appeal of a speaker. The two major elements of this are evidence and reasoning.

Answer 56

logos

Question 57

reasoning

Answer 57

The process of drawing a conclusion on the basis of evidence.

Question 58

analogical reasoning

Answer 58

Reasoning in which a speaker compares two similar cases and infers that what is true for the first case is also true for the second.

Question 59

fallacy

Answer 59

An error in reasoning.

Question 60

ad hominem

Answer 60

A fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute.

Question 61

pathos

Answer 61

The name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as emotional appeal.

Question 62

need

Answer 62

The first basic issue in analyzing a question of policy: Is there a serious problem or need that requires a change from current policy?

Question 63

burden of proof

Answer 63

The obligation facing a persuasive speaker to prove that a change from current policy is necessary.

Question 64

plan

Answer 64

The second basic issue in analyzing a question of policy: If there is a problem with current policy, does the speaker have a plan to solve the problem?

Question 65

practicality

Answer 65

The third basic issue in analyzing a question of policy: Will the speaker’s plan solve the problem? Will it create new and more serious problems?

Question 66

Monroe’s motivated sequence

Answer 66

A method of organizing persuasive speeches that seeks immediate action. The five steps of the motivated sequence are attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action.

Question 67

ethics

Answer 67

The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

Question 68

ethical decisions

Answer 68

Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines.

Question 69

name-calling

Answer 69

The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.

Question 70

Bill of Rights

Answer 70

The first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution.

Question 71

plagiarism

Answer 71

Presenting another person’s language or ideas as one’s own.

Question 72

global plagiarism

Answer 72

Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one’s own.

Question 73

patchwork plagiarism

Answer 73

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one’s own.

Question 74

incremental plagiarism

Answer 74

Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people.