Fiber

Question 1

Total fiber definition

Answer 1

Dietary and functional fiber combined

Question 2

Total fiber are _________ that contain ____________ linkages not digestible in humans

Answer 2

Non-digestible, beta 1-4 glycosidic

Question 3

Dietary fiber definition

Answer 3

Fiber found in food

Question 4

Functional fiber definition

Answer 4

Fiber added to foods or supplements

Question 5

What are the 6 physical properties of fiber?

Answer 5

1. Water holing capacity
2. Viscosity
3. Ion-exchange capacity
4. Binding of organic compounds
5. Bacterial fermentation
6. Antioxidant

Question 6

Water holding capacity is the _________ or _________ of water with fiber to form a gel

Answer 6

Adsorption, entrapment

Question 7

_____________ has a greater water holding capacity than _____________

Answer 7

Soluble > Insoluble

Question 8

What is Viscosity?

Answer 8

The ability of fiber to bind to organic compounds

Question 9

____________ fiber has greater viscosity than __________

Answer 9

Soluble > nsoluble

Question 10

What is ion-exchange capacity?

Answer 10

Fiber ability to bind to cations/minerals

Question 11

__________ fiber is better at binding to organic compounds than __________ fiber

Answer 11

Soluble > Insoluble

Question 12

What is bacterial fermentation of fiber?

Answer 12

Anaerobic bacteria digest cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin

Question 13

Which dietary fiber is non fermentable by bacteria?

Answer 13

Lignin

Question 14

Which dietary fiber act as an antioxidant?

Answer 14

Lignin

Question 15

What are the 10 physiological roles of fiber?

Answer 15

1. Delayed gastric emptying
2. Satiety
3. Intestinal transit time altered
4. Altered nutrient absorption
5. Increased fecal bulk
6. Increased bile acid/cholesterol excretion
7. Increased micro flora in colon
8. Reduction of free radicals
9. Altered intestinal morphology
10. Reduced 2 degree bile acids

Question 16

The physiological role of delayed gastric emptying is greater in ____________ than ______________

Answer 16

Soluble > insoluble

Question 17

What is gastric emptying

Answer 17

Food of stomach emptying to SI

Question 18

How does fiber play a physiological role in satiety? Feeling full

Answer 18

1. Distention (expand) due to water holding
2. Delay gastric emptying

Question 19

Delayed gastric emptying can also help with __________

Answer 19

Satiety

Question 20

The physical property of water holding capacity can help with the physiological role of fiber in _________

Answer 20

Satiety

Question 21

Insoluble fiber can ____________ intestinal transit time
While soluble fiber can ____________ transit time

Answer 21

Normalize, delay

Question 22

What are the 3 ways fiber can alter nutrient absorption?

Answer 22

1. Viscosity
2. Rapid transit time
3. Micelles

Question 23

How does viscosity alter nutrient absorption?

Answer 23

Viscosity interferes with mixing of intestinal contents with digestive enzymes

Question 24

How does fiber alter nutritient absorption through rapoid transit time?

Answer 24

It decrease nutrient contact time with brush border

Question 25

How does fiber affect micelles?

Answer 25

Fiber traps micelles

Question 26

____________ fiber increases fecal bulk more than __________

Answer 26

Insoluble > soluble

Question 27

_________ fiber can increase bile/cholesterol excretion than __________ fiber

Answer 27

Soluble > insoluble

Question 28

Soluble fiber increases micro flora in colon by?

Answer 28

Serving as fuel/food

Question 29

Insoluble increase micro flora in colon by

Answer 29

Insoluble fiber can contribute (give more bacteria)

Question 30

Which fiber reduces free radicals?

Answer 30

Lignin

Question 31

What two way does fiber alter intestinal morphology?

Answer 31

Hyperplasia and hypertrophy

Question 32

How does fiber cause hyperplasia of intestinal morphology ?

Answer 32

Due to fermentation producing SCFA, lowering pH, and binding to epithelium

Question 33

How does fiber cause hypertrophy

Answer 33

Increased synthesis of mucin

Question 34

What are the 6 nutritional implications of fiber?

Answer 34

1. Weight loss 2. Diabetes 3. Hyperlipidemia 4. Lower blood pressure 5. Prevention of GI disorders 6. Prevention of colon cancer

Question 35

Fiber can help with weight loss through t

Answer 35

Satiety, decrease absorption

Question 36

How does fiber help with diabetes

Answer 36

Slows down gastric emptying and s crease absorption of glucose

Question 37

How does soluble fiber help with hyperlipidemia

Answer 37

It will bind and excrete bile and bind more to cholesterol, lower 2 degree bile acids, fermentation of SCFA, increase TT, decrease satiety

Question 38

Fiber indirectly __________________ through weight loss

Answer 38

Lower BP

Question 39

How does fiber prevent GI disorders

Answer 39

Decrease constipation and prevent diverticular disease

Question 40

How does fiber prevent colon cancer

Answer 40

Antioxidant, Dec 2 degree bile acids, decreased contact of carcinogens to epithelium, rapid transit time decrease exposure time to epithelium

Question 41

ADA

Answer 41

20 g/day

Question 42

FASED

Answer 42

10g/1000kcal

Question 43

NCI

Answer 43

25g/d

Question 44

DRI women

Answer 44

25g

Question 45

DRI men

Answer 45

38g

Question 46

AI

Answer 46

14g/1000g/kcal

Question 47

Upper limit

Answer 47

35-50g/d