fibrinolytic Flashcards
(32 cards)
responsible for breaking down fibrin
clots, ensuring a balance between clot formation and
dissolution
fibrinolytic system
It plays a crucial role in hemostasis, preventing excessive
clotting or bleeding.
fibrinolytic system
Disorders of the fibrinolytic system result in either ,
excessive clot breakdown (hyperfibrinolysis) or impaired clot dissolution (hypofibrinolysis)
leading to severe bleeding or thrombosis
Inactive precursor converted to
plasmin
plasminogen
Active enzyme that degrades fibrin clots.
plasmin
Convert plasminogen to
plasmin
TPA - tissue plasminogen activator
UPA - urokinase plasminogen activator
Regulate fibrinolysis by inhibiting activators or plasmin
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) & α2-antiplasmin
process of fibrinolytic system
Clots are dissolved by plasmin after the
initial hemostatic response, preventing vessel blockage
regulation of fibrinolytic system
A controlled balance between clot
formation and breakdown prevents excessive
bleeding or clotting.
Types of Fibrinolytic System Disorders
Hyperfibrinolysis
Hypofibrinolysis
Excessive breakdown of fibrin clots
leads to prolonged bleeding
Hyperfibrinolysis
Congenital causes of hyperfibrinolysis
α2-antiplasmin deficiency
,plasminogen deficiency
Acquired causes of hyperfibrinolysis
Trauma, major surgery,
malignancy, liver disease
rare bleeding disorder that affects the regulation of fibrinolysis, which is the process your body uses to break
down blood clots.
A2 antiplasmin deficiency
Plasmin activity is not properly controlled results to
excessive fibrinolysis
A2 antiplasmin deficiency causes
blood clots to dissolve too early, leading to
abnormal bleeding
Acquired α2-antiplasmin deficiency
can occur in liver disease, DIC or certain cancers
α2-antiplasmin deficiency symptoms
- Easy bruising
- Nosebleeds
- Prolonged bleeding after injury, surgery,
or childbirth - Muscle hematomas
- Intracranial hemorrhage (in severe cases)
α2-antiplasmin Rule out other bleeding disorders like
hemophilia or von Willebrand disease
tx for α2-antiplasmin deficiency
tranexamic acid or epsilon-
aminocaproic acid (EACA) are main tx
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) may be used in acute bleeding
In rare cases, recombinant α2-antiplasmin (experimental)
or gene therapy might be considered.
plasminogen deficiency type 1 also known as
True plasminogen deficiency,
Hypoplasminogenemia
Congenital plasminogen deficiency is caused by mutations in
PLG gene
Proportionate decrease in both level of plasminogen and its activity
plasminogen deficiency type 1
the level of immunoreactive plg is normal (or only slightly
reduced), whereas the specific functional plg activity is
markedly reduced because of abnormalities in the variant
plg molecule
Plasminogen deficiency type II
(Dysplasminogenemia)
