Field Methods Flashcards by Jeannette Fantone

Removal methods

Shooting
Poisoning
Kill trapping

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Poisoning types

1080 device

Bait stations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Kill trapping types

Mouse traps

Conibear traps

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Live trapping

Box-type traps
Enclosures
Pitfall traps
Leghold traps
Mist nets
Cannon Nets
Tranquilizer gun

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Box type traps

havahart trap

sherman trap

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pre-baiting

acclimate animals to the trap overtime. Place a trigger that causes door to close on one end of the trap.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pitfall traps

For animals that scurry under leaf litter

Hole in the ground that causes the animal to fall in and not get out.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Leghold trap

Used mostly for canids and felids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mist nets

easiest way to capture bats

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cannon nets

used for water fowl and ungulates

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tranquilizer gun

Subdues the animal. Needs two people.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Marking techniques

Track physical features
Tagging
Dying
Branding
Tattooing
Tissue removal
Ear cuts
Radioactivity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Monitoring techniques

Powder tracking
Tracking powders
Bait marking
Fecal surveys
PIT devices
Radio telemetry
Direct observation
Camera trapping

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Powder tracking

“shake and bake”

Cover animal with powder and let them go

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tracking powders

Leave bait or scent near a powder and determine animal with the powder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bait marking

Animal ingests plastic pellets through bait and the pellets can be found in the feces

Chelating agents

Used in bait markings and can show up in the bones of owl vomit

Radio telemetry

Collar or implanted in skin

Rules of radio telemetry

Cannot be more than 10-13% of animal’s max body weight.

Cannot interfere with animal’s behavior

Observational techniques

Focal animal study
Scan sampling
Instantaneous sampling
All occurrence sampling
Experimental observation
Ad lib sampling

Focal animal sampling

only pay attention to one animal out of a group of them

Scan sampling

look at what behaviors are engaged by the group

Instantaneous sampling

Monitoring one individual to see their behaviors at certain times.
Tells you how long they persist in that behavior.

All occurrence sampling

Monitoring a specific behavior and what percentage of the population is engaged in that behavior

Experimental observation

manipulate variables to see what the population does

ad lib sampling

monitoring all the individuals

What can we learn through field methods?

Population density Home range size Habitat use Diversity

Determining population density through removal methods

Hayne method and Moran-Zippin method

Haybe Method

Removal method to calculate population density. Number of individuals from each collection plotted against previous number captured. The more trapping that occurs removed more individuals from the population.

Moran-Zippin Method

Removal method to determine population density. N=(x^2)/(x-y) x=# removed 1st time y=# removed 2nd time

Determining population density through live trapping

Lincoln-Peterson Index Jolly estimate MNKA

Lincoln Peterson Index

Live trapping method to determine population density Assumes population is stable, all of the individuals have an equal chance at being captures, mark doesn't affect behavior, mark is constant. N=MC/R M=#captured, marked, and released first time C=#captured 2nd time R=#captured 2nd time that were marked from 1st time

Jolly estimate

live trapping method to determine population density. Allows for unstable population. Software.

MNKA

Minimum number known alive. Live trapping method to determine population density. Underrepresented the size of the population. Animal caught in a previous attempt is not caught in current attempt is still alive. Preferred method.

Diversity Indices

Species richness | Species evenness

Minimum Convex Polygon

Home range estimation. The smallest polygon that encloses all of the capture points.