File 5 Vocab Flashcards
(24 cards)
linguistic expressions
words and phrases.
Grammatical
When a string of words form a sentence of some language.
Grammatical Judgment
What happens when a native speaker decides if a sentence is grammatical or not.
Subject
Normally the expression to that occurs immediately before a verb.
Principle of compositionality
The fact that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the expressions it contains and on the way they are syntactically combined.
Word order
how expressions are allowed to be ordered with respect to one another.
Adjuncts
expressions that occurrence in a sentence purely optional
Syntactic constituent
certain groups of expressions within a larger phrase can form a syntactic unit.
Cleft
a kind of sentence in which some constituent is displaced to the left.
Syntactic distribution
When two expressions have similar syntactic properties, they are interchangeable in a sentence.
Noun phrases
consists of personal pronouns, proper names, and any other expression that has the same distribution.
Determiners
expressions like “the”
verb phrase
consists of expressions that when combined with an NP on their left, will result in a sentence , that is an expression of category S.
Intransitive verbs
verbs such as “slept” that require no complements.
Transitive verbs
Verbs that require an NP complement to form a VP.
Adverb
Expressions that can occur in a verb phrase as adjuncts.
Prepositional Phrase
consists of a preposition and a noun phrase.
Sentence
Can occur in “Sally thinks that”
Noun
needs a determiner to its left to form an NP.
Sentential complement verb
needs a sentential complement to form a VP.
Prepositional Phrase
can be a VP or an N adjunct’ consists of a preposition and its NP complement.
Phrase structure rules
used to capture patterns of syntactic combination.
lexical ambiguity
where a single word corresponds to distinct expressions that differ in meaning, syntactic properties, or both.
Homophony
expressions that correspond to the same single-word form.
