fill in blank worksheet

Question 1

This hastened the demise of the mayan civilization

Answer 1

25 year drought

Question 2

What may be our most precious, resource according to the textbook

Answer 2

fresh water

Question 3

anything that occupies space and has mass

Answer 3

matter

Question 4

number of elements that can be found naturally

Answer 4

92

Question 5

what are the 4 elements that make up about 96% of the weight of most cells

Answer 5

oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen

Question 6

element responsible for building strong bones and teeth

Answer 6

calcium

Question 7

element necessary for DNA, that can be obtained by eating eggs, beans, and nuts

Answer 7

phosphorous

Question 8

a deficiency of iodine in the thyroid gland causes this condition

Answer 8

goiter

Question 9

element added to drinking water to help maintain healthy bones and teeth

Answer 9

fluorine

Question 10

two or more elements that are chemically combined from this

Answer 10

compound

Question 11

smallest particle of an element that contains all the properties of it

Answer 11

atom

Question 12

number of protons in an atom is called

Answer 12

atomic number

Question 13

a measure of the amount of material in an object is called

Answer 13

mass

Question 14

the sum of an atom’s protons and neutrons equals

Answer 14

atomic mass

Question 15

a form of an element having the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons

Answer 15

isotope

Question 16

t/f atoms whose outer shells are not full tend to be more chemically reactive

Answer 16

true

Question 17

type bond formed when 2 atoms share one or more pairs of outer shell electrons

Answer 17

covalent

Question 18

the smallest particle of a compound that retains the properties of it

Answer 18

molecule

Question 19

atoms that are electrically charged as a result of gaining or losing electrons

Answer 19

ions

Question 20

type bond formed when electrons are transferred or given up

Answer 20

ionic

Question 21

type bond formed when one end is negatively charged and the other is positively charged

Answer 21

hydrogen or polar

Question 22

the tendency of water to join with other water molecules

Answer 22

cohesion

Question 23

a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

Answer 23

surface tension

Question 24

liquid part of a solution is called

Answer 24

solvent

Question 25

solid or thing being dissolved in a solution

Answer 25

solute

Question 26

these are composed of amino acids

Answer 26

proteins

Question 27

example of a monosaccharide

Answer 27

glucose

Question 28

an example of a steroid that can clog blood vessels

Answer 28

cholesterol

Question 29

example of a polysaccharide

Answer 29

starch, like potato

Question 30

these are typically solid at room temperature

Answer 30

saturated fats

Question 31

these are made up of fats, waxes, and oil

Answer 31

lipids

Question 32

example of a disaccharide

Answer 32

sucrose

Question 33

animal starch; found only in animals, stored in liver

Answer 33

glycogen

Question 34

these contain DNA, found in all nucleated cells

Answer 34

nucleic acids

Question 35

simple sugars, containing only one 6 carbon ring

Answer 35

monosaccharides

Question 36

many sugars, containing 3 or more 6 carbon rings

Answer 36

polysaccharides

Question 37

this makes up the cell walls of plants

Answer 37

cellulose

Question 38

makes up cellular membranes in animal cells because it and water do not mix

Answer 38

lipids

Question 39

double sugars, that contain two 6 carbon rings

Answer 39

disaccharides

Question 40

two examples of starchy foods

Answer 40

potatoes and rice

Question 41

define organic compound

Answer 41

contains carbon

Question 42

define inorganic compound

Answer 42

doesn't have carbon

Question 43

what provides the best source of "quick" energy

Answer 43

monosaccharides

Question 44

what provides the best source of long lasting energy

Answer 44

polysaccharides

Question 45

the principle energy storing molecule in all living things

Answer 45

lipids

Question 46

two things that compose lipids

Answer 46

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 47

these smaller units make up proteins

Answer 47

amino acids

Question 48

this must be ___ (added or removed) to form a double sugar from two simple sugar

Answer 48

water; removed

Question 49

any molecule which contains carbon can be referred to as this

Answer 49

organic

Question 50

term for uniting monomers to form a polymer

Answer 50

polymerization

Question 51

what is it called when water is added to a starch to break it down

Answer 51

hydrolysis

Question 52

name of the process when monomers combine to form more complex molecules

Answer 52

polymerization / dehydration synthesis

Question 53

three types of carbohydrates and example

Answer 53

monosaccharide - glucose, fructose disaccharides - sucrose, lactose polysaccharides - pasta, bread

Question 54

lard

Answer 54

lipid

Question 55

chitin

Answer 55

polysaccharide

Question 56

fingernails

Answer 56

protein

Question 57

cane sugar

Answer 57

disaccharide

Question 58

starch

Answer 58

polysaccharide

Question 59

fructose

Answer 59

monosaccharide

Question 60

wax

Answer 60

lipid

Question 61

cartilage

Answer 61

protein

Question 62

cellulose

Answer 62

polysaccharide

Question 63

glucose

Answer 63

monosaccharide