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Cosmotology > Final 10 > Flashcards

Final 10 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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0
Q

What are the three main layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous

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1
Q

What are the 6 functions of the skin?

A 
Sensation
Secretion 
Absorption
Regulation 
Protection 
Excretion
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2
Q

What is the epidermis mostly made of?

A

Dead skin cells

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3
Q

Name the 5 layers of the epidermis from top to bottom

A 
Corneum 
Lucidum 
Granulosum 
Spinosum 
Germivatum
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4
Q

What is another name for the corneum, and what is the protein that is found in it?

A

The horny layer. Keratin is found in the corneum and that is why it is so tough.

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5
Q

What is special about the lucidum?

A

No hair grows on the lucidum. It is only found on soles of feet and palms of the hands.

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6
Q

What layer of the epidermis is melanin produced?

A

Spinosum

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7
Q

What layer are are new cells made?

A

Germivatum

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8
Q

What is an alternate name for the dermis?

A

True skin

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9
Q

What is the dermis layer made of and what are the two proteins that make it?

A

It is made of connective tissue. Collagen and elastin

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10
Q

What is a sudiferous gland and where is it found?

A

They are sweat glands. Found in the dermis (on the left)

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11
Q

What is the sebaceous gland and where is it found?

A

They are oil glands (sebum). Found in the dermis layer (on the right)

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12
Q

What is the subcutaneous layer made of?

A

Fatty tissue

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13
Q

What are some things our subcutaneous layer does for us?

A
  • protects us
  • keeps us warm
  • gives us shape
  • protective cushion for our bones
  • protects our organs
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14
Q

What are 3 functions of the sudoriferous gland?

A
  • release salt and waste (excretion)
  • regulates body temperature (cools is down)
  • helps maintain PH level
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15
Q

What is sebum?

A

A fatty, oily substance that keeps our skin soft and pliable. Overproduction will create oily skin. Underproduction will create dry skin.

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16
Q

What is the acid mantle?

A

Sebum and sweat mix and spread over the surface of the skin to prevent dirt and bacteria from entering

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17
Q

What are two things skin pigmentation (melanin) does for us?

A
  • gives us Color

- protects us from the sun

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18
Q

What are four types of skin and what is a description of them?

A
  • oily- shiny skin, rough texture, prone to acne, caused by overproduction of sebum, diet
  • dry- peeling and flaking, few blemishes,
  • normal- fresh, healthy, no blemishes
  • combination- mixture of oily and dry, oily areas are t-zone
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19
Q

What is the difference between objective and subjective symptoms?

A

Objective is something you can see and prove (redness, broken bone). Subjective is something you feel but can’t see (headache, stomachache).

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20
Q

What are six signs of infection?

A
  • redness
  • heat (fever)
  • pain
  • swelling
  • throbbing
  • pus
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21
Q

What is a primary lesion?

A

Abnormal changes in the skin

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22
Q

Papules

A

Hardened red elevations- no fluid present

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23
Q

Vesicles

A

Fluid filled elevations caused by localized accumulation of fluids or blood just below the epidermis

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24
Pustules
Small elevations that contain pus
25
Wheals
Solid formation above the skin caused by insect bite or allergic reaction (mosquito bite/hives)
26
What is skin?
The largest organ in our body
27
What is sensation and secretion?
Sensation- the sense of touch or feeling- warning system | Secretion- the release of sebum and moisture to the skin
28
What is absorption and protection?
Absorption- taking in moisture (water) and oxygen into the skin Protection- protects us from bacteria and infection
29
What is excretion and regulation?
Excretion- skin gets rid of toxins (sweat, salt, etc) | Regulation- internal feeling body reacting to changes ( sweat and shiver)
30
What are some factors that influence the quality of skin
Smoking, diet, exposure to sun, hydration, environment, makeup, cleansing, amount of sleep you get
31
What is skin Color dependent on?
Melanin
32
Papules
Hardened red elevations-no fluid present (a pimple) - yes service
33
Vesicles
Fluid filled elevations caused by localized accumulation of fluids or blood just below the epidermis ( herpes, fever blisters) - no service on affected areas
34
Pustules
Small elevations- containing pus ( matured pimple with pus) - yes service
35
Wheals
Solid formation above the skin caused by insect bite or allergic reactions ( hives, mosquito bite) - yes service
36
Scales
Shedding dead cells of the upper layer of the epidermis ( psoriasis) - yes service, avoid affected area
37
Crusts
Dried masses that are the remains of an oozing sore (scab) yes-service avoid affected areas
38
Fissures
Cracks in the skin ( chapped lips) yes- service- don't provide service on affected area
39
Comedomes
Masses of sebum (oil) trapped in hair follicles ( whiteheads) if their face is filled with severe acne, don't do service. If not, you can do service
40
Milia
Hardened sebum beneath the skin (blackheads) if their face is filled with severe acne don't do service. If not you can do service
41
Acne
Chronic, inflammatory disorder of sebaceous glands
42
Rosacea
Inflammatory congestion of cheeks and nose, redness, Papules and pustules sometime present.
43
Dermatitis
Inflammatory disorder of the skin
44
Eczema
Dry or moist leisons with inflammation of the skin
45
What is a secondary leison?
Progressed into something else
46
What are the 6 benefits of a facial?
- increase circulation - contracts muscles - stimulates glandular activity - improves complexion of skin - calming and relaxing - cleanses skin - gets rid of unwanted oils
47
What are the major massage movements? (5)
1) effleurage 2) petrissage 3) tapotement 4) friction 5) vibration
48
What is the effleurage movement?
Light, relaxing, gentle stroke or circular movements, relaxing
49
What is the petrissage movement?
Light or heavy kneading or rolling of the muscles. Deeply stimulates the muscles, nerves, and skin glands
50
What is tapotement movement?
Light tapping or slapping movement. Increases blood circulation, stimulates nerves
51
What is friction movement?
Circular or wringing movement/ no gliding
52
What is the vibration movement?
A shaking movement, stimulating to skin
53
What are the order of cosmetics used during a facial?
Cleanser, toner, moisturizer
54
What is the purpose of a facial mask?
- removing unwanted oil - softening and smoothing skin - remove surface dirt
55
Explain and describe the composition and appearance of a healthy nail
The things you would find- keratin, blood, lymph, nerve endings. It would look pink in Color, translucent and no ridges
56
What is the purpose of a nail?
To protect the finger, and nerve endings
57
What is keratin?
A hardened protein: formed from cells that are born and then die
58
Nail plate
Hardened structure, rests on nail bed (you can see it)
59
Nail root
Anchors the nail
60
Free edge
Extra nail that extends past the finger
61
Nail bed
Pink, the nail rests on, has blood, nerves, is sensitive
62
Matrix
Active tissue that generates new cells
63
Lunula
White half moon shape at base of nail
64
Cuticle
Dead, loose skin at base of nail
65
Eponychium
Cuticle that grows down into the lunula, stuff you scrape off with cuticle pusher
66
Hyponychium
Layer of skin that seals nail plate to nail bed, keeps dirt out
67
Paryonicium
Any of the skin surrounding the nail
68
Nail wall
Thick folds of skin on either side of nail
69
Nail grooves
Tracks on either side of nail. Nail moves on it as it grows
70
Mantle
Pocket like structure that holds nail root and matrix
71
How fast does the nail grow?
1/8 inch or .3 cm per month
72
How long does it take for a nail to replace itself
4-6 months
73
What are factors that indicate nail growth?
- weather (grows faster in summer then winter) | - diet
74
Onychomychosis
Ringworm of the nail ( cheesy, white)
75
Onychoptosis
Nails are falling off
76
Tinea manus
Ringworm of the hand. Blisters, red, dry flakes
77
Tinea pedis
Ringworm of the foot (athletes foot)
78
Paronychia
Infected hangnail
79
Onychatrophia
Wasting away of the nail
80
Onycholysis
Loosening or separation of the nail
81
Corrugations
Horizontal index or ridge in the nail
82
Furrows
Vertical ridges in the nail
83
Onygriptosis
Nail grows down, creating a claw like nail
84
Onycrytosis
Ingrown nail
85
Onychauxis
Thickening of the nail
86
Agnails
Hang nails
87
Leaukanikia
White flecks in the nail
88
Onychopagy
Severely bitten nails
89
What is nail fungus?
Discoloured nails yellow, brown or green

Cosmotology (1 decks)

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