Final Flashcards
(96 cards)
When administering aerosol therapy to a pediatric patient, which of the following conditions can affect aerosol deposition?
I. Airway diameter
II. Respiratory rate
III. Body weight
IV. Nasal breathing
I, II, and IV only
I. airway diameter
II. respiratory rate
IV. nasal breathing
The respiratory therapist is administering a nebulizer with a mask to a 2-year-old child. The mask is being held away from the child’s face (“blow-by”) due to excessive crying. What should the RT consider doing to improve aerosol lung deposition?
Comfortably hold the mask close to the face to minimize the leak.
When a conventional jet nebulizer is operated at a flow of 10 L/min versus 5 L/min, what should the respiratory therapist expect?
(Going from 5 to 10 L/min)
The treatment time shortens.
Which of the following considerations is most important when using a large-volume nebulizer to provide oxygen and humidification to an infant in an incubator?
Preventing a high noise level from developing
How can a patient avoid the problem of terminating inhalation when a plume from a pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) impacts the oropharynx?
Use a valved holding chamber
For which of the following types of patients would using a dry powder inhaler (DPI) for medication delivery likely be contraindicated?
A 4-year old patient
Where in the ventilator circuit should a continuous jet nebulizer be placed to improve efficiency of aerosol delivery?
30 cm from the ETT in the inspiratory limb
What are the main components of the traditional airway clearance techniques?
I. Palpation of the chest wall
II. Postural drainage
III. Percussion
IV. Coughing
II, III, and IV only
II. Postural drainage
III. Percussion
IV. Coughing
The following postural drainage positions are shown for an infant patient:
Which of the diagrams demonstrates the postural drainage position for draining the lingular segments of the left upper lobe in an infant?
Image C
The following postural drainage positions are shown for a pediatric patient:
Which of the diagrams demonstrates the postural drainage position for draining the posterior subsegment of the apical-posterior segment of the left upper lobe?
Image B
A respiratory therapist has been assigned to administer CPT to a patient with cystic fibrosis. What areas of the body should the RT avoid when percussing the patient?
Fractured ribs
What is the most important variable used to assess the efficacy of CPT?
amount of mucus obtained during and after treatment
For which of the following patients is incentive spirometry contraindicated?
I. Uncooperative
II. Physically disabled
III. Grossly obese
IV. Very young
I, II, and IV only
I. Uncooperative
II. Physically disabled
IV. Very young
The respiratory therapist has been asked to evaluate the effectiveness of incentive spirometry in some patients during their postoperative stage. What will the RT find to be most influential on the outcome associated with IS?
Level of supervision and instruction of therapy
As the therapist auscultates over an infant’s larynx, he hears a very low-pitched sound. On the basis of this finding, what impression is he likely to have regarding the nature of the upper airway obstruction?
mild obstruction
A 10-month-old child has been brought into the emergency room (ER) by her parents, who state that after few days with low-grade fever, malaise, and rhinorrhea, their child presented with a “barking” cough and increased work of breathing. What condition is this child likely exhibiting?
Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
A child who is in the ED has the following neck x-ray. Which of the following conditions is represented?
Laryngotracheobronchitis
A 3-year-old child has been diagnosed with epiglottitis and was intubated due to severe respiratory distress. After 24 hours of antibiotics the therapist is considering extubation. What will be an acceptable leak before considering extubation?
<20 cm H2O
Tracheomalacia is a condition of dynamic tracheal collapse. Which of the following injurious events can be associated with this condition?
neonatal ventilation with high pressures
A therapist has been asked to evaluate a child suspected of having foreign body aspiration. Which of the following clinical conditions would guide the therapist to the diagnosis?
unilateral wheezing
The therapist is evaluating a child in the emergency department who displays the following signs: inability to cry, ineffective cough, high-pitched inspiratory sound, and cyanosis. What should the therapist suspect?
severe or complete airway obstruction
In the ER, a chest radiograph reveals dilation of the segmental and subsegmental bronchi. The patient complains of expectorating copious amounts of thick mucus and frequent lung infections over the last year. Which of the following conditions does this child likely have?
bronchiectasis
A 3-year-old child has the following clinical presentations in the ER:
Profound nasal congestion and productive cough
Chest auscultation revealing diffuse coarse, “sticky” crackles (sounding like Velcro)
Chest radiograph revealing lung hyperinflation with flattened hemidiaphragms
What pulmonary condition does this infant likely have?
bronchiolitis
Which of the following agents has been shown to significantly reduce bronchiolitis scores?
nebulized 3% hypertonic saline
