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Phy Sci > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

vector

A

a number where direction matters

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2
Q

Displacement

A

an object’s change in position, only taking consideration of where it started and ended. The quickest way to something.

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3
Q

Average velocity

A

position / time

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4
Q

Average Speed

A

the total distance traveled by the object divided by the elapsed time to cover that distance

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5
Q

Scalar

A

a number where direction does not matter

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6
Q

Acceleration

A

the rate of the change in velocity

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7
Q

Gravity

A

the force by which an object pulls something towards its center. Earth’s gravity is 9.8

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8
Q

SI unit of displacement

A

meters

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9
Q

The slope of a straight line on a position time graph mean?

A

speed

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10
Q

Straight line on a displacement vs time graphs indicate

A

constant velocity

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11
Q

Energy

A

the capacity of doing work

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12
Q

Mechanical energy

A

the energy that is possessed by an object due to its motion or position

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13
Q

Chemical Energy

A

Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds

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14
Q

Potential Energy

A

the energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to some zero position

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15
Q

Power

A

the rate at which work is done

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16
Q

Electricity

A

a form of energy that results from the flow of charged particles

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17
Q

Resistor

A

an electrical component that limits the flow of electrical current in a circuit.

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18
Q

Ampere

A

the SI unit of electrical current

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19
Q

volt

A

a representation of the electrical potential energy per unit

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20
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

V = IR

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21
Q

Series vs parallel circuit

A

A series circuit only has one path to follow, while a parallel circuit has multiple

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22
Q

Frequency

A

the number of waves that pass a fixed point during a specific time

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23
Q

Hertz

A

Number of cycles per second

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24
Q

Amplitude

A

space from the crest or trough to the line

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25
Wave
propagation of disturbances from place to place in a regular and organized way
26
Reflection
change in direction of a wave front
27
Refraction
the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another caused by its change in speed
28
Diffraction
the spreading of waves around obstacles
29
Transverse
perpendicular
30
longitudinal
same direction
31
Light
EM radiation that can be detected by the human eye
32
EM wave
waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field
33
EM spectrum
the entire range of wavelengths or frequencies of EM radiation extending from gamma rays to the longest radio waves and including visible light
34
Spectroscope
an instrument for forming and examining spectra, especially in the visible light region of the EM
35
Photometer
an instrument for measuring luminous intensity, luminous flux, illumination, or brightness
36
Element
- a pure substance containing only one kind of atom | - Cannot be separated into simpler materials
37
Compounds
- a pure substance containing two or more kinds of atoms that are chemically combined in some way - Cannot be separated by physical means, only chemical reactions
38
Mixtures
- 2 or more compounds or elements not chemically combined - If they are uniform, they are homogeneous. - if they are non-uniform, they are heterogeneous
39
Evaporation
- used to separate a dissolvable solid from a solution | - Ex. salt and water
40
Filtering
- used to separate a mixture of an insoluble solid and a liquid Ex: water and sand
41
Decanting
used to separate 2 liquids that have different densities. Ex: oil and water
42
Magnetism
- used to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials. Ex: steel and aluminum
43
Centrifuge
use of a machine that spins and separates materials based on densities. Ex: blood and plasma
44
Colloid
- homogeneous mixture with large particles that are not mixed
45
Suspension
- a heterogeneous mixture where particles settle
46
What scientist developed the first working model of that atom as a solid sphere?
Dalton
47
What scientist discovered electrons and thought that they were scattered throughout atoms like plums in a pudding?
Thomson
48
Which scientist discovered that atoms have a nucleus
Rutherford
49
Which scientist stated the electrons circled the nucleus of the atom in fixed orbits with different energies?
Bohr
50
Which scientist proposed the most accurate 3D model of the atom in which electrons are loosely grouped around the nucleus in energy levels or clouds?
Schrodinger
51
Atomic number is the number of
protons
52
Mass number is the combination of
protons and neutrons
53
Isotopes of an element contain different numbers of
neutrons
54
60/27 Co ---> 0/-1 E + 60/28 Ni
Beta radiation
55
211 Fe ---> 4/2 He + 207 / 85 At
Alpha radiation
56
Two or more nuclei join together to form a more-massive nucleus
fusion
57
uranium
fission
58
large nucleus splits into 2 smaller nuclei
fission
59
energy is released
fission and fusion
60
chernobyl
fission
61
not used to prove electrical energy
fusion
62
no radioactive waste products
fusion
63
occurs in the sun's core
fusion
64
radioactive waste products
fission
65
Do metals tend to lose or gain electrons?
lose
66
what is ionic bond?
a transfer of electrons between a metal and non-metal
67
Covalent bond
a sharing of electrons between 2 non-metals
68
Milk of Magnesia (B or A)
Base
69
turns litmus paper red
acid
70
Is a proton donor
Acid
71
Ammonia
base
72
Phenophthalein is colorless
Acid
73
Turns Pheno. bright pink
base
74
turns litmus paper blue
base
75
dissolves in water to produce H+ ions
acid
76
contains OH-
base
77
total energy of all the particles of an object, including mass and kinetic energy
thermal energy
78
thermal energy moving from a warmer object to a cooler object
heat
79
a measure of the average kinetic energy of an object
temperature
80
Does temperature increase during melting
no
81
is energy required for each phase change?
yes
82
Can both liquid water and steam exist at 100 C
Yes
83
What must be changed during condensation, temp or heat energy?
heat

Phy Sci (1 decks)

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