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Final Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Infant Dehydration s/s

A 
Sunken Fontanelles
Sunken Eyes & Cheeks
Sunken abdomen
Pale or mottled skin
Few or no tears
Dry mouth and tongue
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2
Q

Child Dehydration s/s

A

Tachycardia
Hypotension
Tachypnea

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3
Q

Infant Gross Motor Skills

A

2-3 mo.: Raises Head/Chest, Slight head lag pulling to sitting
4-5 mo.: Roll over
6 mo.: Rolls both ways, sits w/o support, responds to name, explores toys with hands and mouth
9 mo.: Crawl
10 mo.: Pull to Stand
12 mo: sit from stand, walk

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4
Q

Toddler Gross Motor Skills

A

12-15 mos: Walk independently, feed self finger foods
18 mos: Climbs stairs, stacks blocks, removes shoes and socks
24 mos: Runs, kicks balls, carries several toys, climbs on furniture
36 mos: Pedals tricycle

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5
Q

School Age Behaviors

A 
Group Play, Team Sports
Associative Play
Less fearful of harm to body, still scared of kidnapping and surgery
Praise and accomplishment
Rewards
Sticker Chart
Can teach self-injection of insulin
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6
Q

Infant, Toddler, Preschool, School Aged types of Medical Play

A

Infant: Solitary
Toddler: Parallel
Preschool: Associative, Domestic Mimicry
School Aged: Associative

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7
Q

Infant signs of Increased Intracranial Pressure

A 
Head Enlargement
Tense, Bulging Anterior Fontanelle
Bossing Frontal Bone
Setting-Sun eyes
Scalp Veins Dialated
Cranial Sutures Separated
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8
Q

Older Child signs of increased Intracranial Pressure

A

Headache/Nausea/Vomiting
Ataxia (Lack of Voluntary Muscle Movement)
Strabismus (rapid, side to side eye movement)
Diplopia (double vision)
Pupil response - sluggish or unequal
Changed LOC
Seizure

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9
Q

Post Febrile-Seizure Teaching

A 
Stems from rapid rise in core temp
Generalized seizure lasting up to 15 min
Treat Symptoms
Not Life Threatening
Identify cause of high temp and treat
Safety is priority
Can send rectal diazepam home for high risk children or anxious parents
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10
Q

Trisomy 21 Physical Traits

A

Smaller nasal passages
Protruding tongue, often-open mouth
Dry muscous membranes make eating and babbling/talking a challenge

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11
Q

Otitis Media Complications

A

Hearing loss
expressive speech delay,
perf. of tympanic membrane
meningitis (extreme case)

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12
Q

Otitis Media Treatment

A

Antibiotics (and must finish treatment)

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13
Q

ADHD Support

A

Advocacy in school (IEP)
Behavioral Techniques - Positive reinforcement, quiet place to regroup, understanding peers/teachers
Stimulant meds
Short and Long term goals

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14
Q

Failure to thrive interventions

A

No distractions, provide meal times, structure

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15
Q

Appendicitis Nursing Management

A 
Observe for sudden relief of pain
Monitor Temp
Keep NPO for surgery
Administer IV pain meds
Post-op may include antibiotics
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16
Q

Bronchiolitis Nursing Considerations

A 
Isolation
Suction
Elevate HOB
Do not feed if Resps > 60
Secondary to RSV
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17
Q

Ideopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) Education

A 
Increased risk of bleeding
Falls, Head Bleeds
Padding Furniture, Crib
Helmet
No NSaids
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18
Q

Sickle Cell Crisis Summary

A

Anemia from sickling
Tissue Hypoxia
Pain, most often in joints
Acute Chest - Clumping in lungs, hypoxia, med emergency
Stroke
Stress - trauma, infection, fever, exertion, cold exposure

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19
Q

Iron Def. Anemia Family Teaching

A

Taking Iron can cause dark green stools
Cows Milk Too Early can cause. Should not be only source
Red Meat, Tuna, Salmon, Eggs, Tofu, Enriched Grains, Beans and Peas, Fruit, Leafy Green Veggies

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20
Q

Generic Cancer Presentation

A 
Bruising
Pale
Bleeding
Lethargy
Infection 
Swelling
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21
Q

Lice Treatment

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A

Fine Tooth Comb (removing eggs and lice)
OTC Pediculicides
Everyone in the home needs to be checked
Treat the home - high heat wash dry, bag pillows/animals, vacuum

22
Q

Impetigo Treatment

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A

Oral or topical antibiotics
Contact Isolation
Can remove honey-colored crust, but use gloves as it has bacteria

23
Q

Adolescent Immunizations and considerations

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A 
HPV
Flu Shot
Boosters
tDAP
Keep in mind how adolescents might view immunization
24
Q

Kawasaki s/s

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A 
Bilateral conjunctivitis without exudate
Mouth and throat dry
Strawberry tongue
Hyperdynamic precordium
Diffuse erethematous polymorphous rash
Cervical lymphadenopathy
tender joints
Edema to hands and feet
Desquamination of fingers, toes, palms of hands
25
Cardiac Cath discharge teaching
``` Apply pressure if bleeding and call for help Must lay flat for 4-8 hours Monitor for post-surgery complications Site care Avoid tub bath for approx 3 days ```
26
Treatment for Precocious Puberty
Lutenizing Hormone (Depo)
27
Hypoglycemia Intervention
Protein + Carb e.g. Peanut Butter & Crackers
28
First Trimester Danger Signs
``` Spotting/Bleeding Painful Urination Severe and Persistent vomiting Fevers over 100.3 (38) Lower abd. pain w/ dizziness or shoulder pain ```
29
Second Trimester Danger Signs
``` Regular Contractions Calf Pain Gush/Leakage of Fluid No fetal movement for >12 hrs First semester danger signs ```
30
Third Trimester Warning Signs
``` Sudden Weight Gain Periorbital or Facial Edema Severe Upper Abd. Pain Headache w/ Visual Changes Previous Signs ```
31
Pregnancy Discomforts
T1: Urinary freq or incont., fatigue, n/v, breast tenderness, constip., stuffiness, bleeding gums/nose, cravings, leukorrhea T2: Backache, variscosities, hemmorhoids, flatulence w/ bloating T3: T1, SOB, dysspnea, heartburn/indigestion, dependent edema, braxton hicks cont
32
When to use RhoGAM?
Mom Neg & Baby pos, give mom rhogam | 28 wks and after birth
33
Post Partum Assessments
BUBBLEE | Breasts, Uturus, Bladder, Bowels, Lochia, Episiotomy/Perineum, Extremeties, Emotional Status
34
Postpartum Vital Sign Changes
Temp: slight elev in first 24 hrs Pulse: 40-80 (puerperal bradyc) Resp: 16-20 BPM: Normal
35
Infant Expected Vitals
97.9-99.7/36.6-37.6 110-160 BPM 30-60 RR
36
Normal Newborn Reflexes
``` Sucking Moro (Loud Sound) Stepping Tonic Neck Rooting Babinski (Big Toe up, other toes down) Grasp ```
37
Heart Disease Anticipitory Care in Pregnancy
Encourage Rest, Labor Down, Decrease mom's effort, might use forceps or vacuum
38
Uterine Tachysystole/Hyperstim Treatments
Give bolus of fluids (might be dehydrated) Can add oxygen Move position Can give tocolytic
39
Preterm Appearance and Concerns
Appearance: Poor muscle tone, minimal subq fat, plentiful lanugo, abundant vernix, thin skin, fused eyelids, few to no creases in palms and soles Concerns: Hypoglycemia, Hypothermia
40
Neonatal Sepsis s/s
``` High HR Low BP Temperature Instability (Fever or Hypothermia) Decreased Level of Consciousness Lethargy ```
41
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) Triad
Thrombocytopenia Hemolytic Anemia Acute Renal Failure
42
Younger and Older Child UTI s/s
Younger: Can't express, s/s = fever, fewer changes, crying, stomach ache Older: Flank/tummy pain, burning, urgency
43
Acute Glomuleronephritis / Nephrotic Syndrome Summary
Both: Some proteinuria, hypoalbumenemia, dark urine, high specific gravity urine, edema AGN Only: Starts 10-14 days post-Strep, Hypertension, Hematuria, No treatment, just treat symptoms, resolves spontaneously Nephrotic Syndrom Only: Massive Proteinuria, May need prednisone, Adherance to steroid treatment, succeptible to infection Education: Low sodium diet, may stay in hopsital with high BP Mgmt: Strict i/o, daily weights, low sodium/fluids
44
Trichomoniasis Treatment
Oral metronidazole Treat both partners Eliminate sexual exposure until both treated or will pass back and forth Can get from surfaces like Hot tubs or Drains Type of Vaginitis Parasitic
45
Candidaisis Assessment
Yeast infection, not STI Can be infection after too much antibiotic use Treated with antifungals Higher occurrence in pregnancy due to more estrogen Diabetes increases risk
46
Symptothemral Contraception
Combination of two or multiple methods to predict ovulation Mittelschmerz (ovulation pain) Spinnbarkeit (Stringy/stretchy cervical mucus) Basal Body Temp
47
Breast Cancer s/s
``` Persistent changes in breast Lump/Thickening Persistent Nipple Irritation Unusual swelling or asymmetry Lump or swelling in axilla Changes in skin color or texture Nipple Retraction Tenderness or Discharge ```
48
Endometrial (uterine) cancer s/s
``` Painless bleeding at abnormal timing Genital/Low back Pain Purulent Discharge Dysuria Pelvic Pain Wt. Loss Change in bladder/bowel habits ```
49
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Assessment
``` Cervical Motion Tenderness Temp of 101 or greater Abnormal discharge Pelvic Pain Caused by untreated STIs ```
50
Polycystic ovarian syndrome s/s
``` Hirsutism Alopecia Virilization Menstrual irreg. & infertility Polycystic ovaries (12+ folicles on ovaries) Obesity Insulin res. Metabolic syndrome Acne ```
51
Ovarian Cancer Risks
``` No Pregnancies Early Menarche/Late menopause Age High fat diet/obesity talcum powder Long HRT Infertility ```

OB/Peds (2 decks)

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