final

Question 1

what is coevolution

Answer 1

closely associated species influence each other’s evolution
serious mutualism

Question 2

what are engineering tools

Answer 2

used to discover the three genes in the monarch that allow them to eat milkweed containing the alkaloid toxin

Question 3

cheetah and Thompson Gazelle

Answer 3

Cheetah evolved to run fast enough to catch gazelles. the Gazelle evolved to run fast enough to not get caught everytime

Question 4

how/ why have ants and fungi coevolved?

Answer 4

ants depend on fungi for food. Fungi rely on ant for nutrients and protection

Question 5

why are puppies attractive to us

Answer 5

they have evolved to communicate with humans
eyebrow movement
knows point
eye contact
bark

Question 6

what is directional selection

Answer 6

evolve in one direction

Question 7

what is disruptive selection

Answer 7

evolve in 2 extremes

Question 8

stabilizing selection

Answer 8

evolve to stabilize one population

Question 9

which type of selection applies to the adaptation of gall sizes in goldenrod gall flies

Answer 9

directional
bird selectively prey on larger galls

Question 10

eurytoma gigantea

Answer 10

wasps ovipositer is too short to penetrate larger galls
the parasatoid wasps causes selection pressure favoring gall flies that form large galls

Question 11

sexual selection

Answer 11

adaptations for gathering mates for breeding

Question 12

sexual dimorphism

Answer 12

distinct differences between Male and female

Question 13

male-male competition

Answer 13

female choice
male bird pretty to compete for the female gaze

Question 14

polygny

Answer 14

one male mates w more than one female

Question 15

female choice

Answer 15

intersexual selection

Question 16

male choice

Answer 16

intrasexual selection

Question 17

why isnt there sexual dimorphism in Canada goose

Answer 17

equal investment in reproduction and care for young

Question 18

monogamy

Answer 18

1 partner for life

Question 19

microevolution

Answer 19

genetic change in population from one generation to the next
change in gene frequency

Question 20

macroevolution

Answer 20

process through which new species arise

Question 21

mutation

Answer 21

changing of genes not on purpose

Question 22

genetic drift

Answer 22

changes in gene frequency in a population over several generations due to random mating events

Question 23

why are the green and brown beetles still the same species

Answer 23

they are capable of interbreeding

Question 24

how could a new species of beetle evolve in this genetic situation?

Answer 24

geographic isolation

Question 25

geographic isolation

Answer 25

physical barriers divide a population and prevent interbreeding

Question 26

reproductive isolation

Answer 26

genetic changes evolve in separate population that prevent them from interbreeding

Question 27

human induced microevolution

Answer 27

microevolution of pesticide resistent populations within species

Question 28

why havent human races evolved into different species

Answer 28

people travel and interbreed

Question 29

how did malaria affect Sickle Cell trait

Answer 29

people with one sickle cell reccessive trait have a resistance to malaria

Question 30

mass extinction events

Answer 30

short intervals of geological time when geographically widespread "higher taxa" of creatures disappear

Question 31

extinction is a driver of evolution

Answer 31

loss of biologically dominant taxon allows survivors of another group to flourish

Question 32

how many mass extinction events

Answer 32

5

Question 33

which mass extinction event was the worst

Answer 33

permian extinction with a 96% extinction rate

Question 34

which extinction was the most recent

Answer 34

cretaceous (K-T) 76% extinction rate

Question 35

causes of mass extinction extraterrestrial

Answer 35

1. impacts of comets/asteroids 2. high energy radiation from nearby supernova explosion

Question 36

terrestrial mechanism

Answer 36

1. changes in configuration of continents due to motion of tectonic plates- affect global climate 2. large scale volcanic eruptions associated with tectonic events

Question 37

what is the Kump Hypothesis

Answer 37

greenhouse extinction followed by hydrogen sulfide oceans

Question 38

what causes mass extinction

Answer 38

multiple interacting events

Question 39

bottom line about extinction

Answer 39

successful survivors evolve

Question 40

father of genetics/ evolution

Answer 40

Charles Darwin

Question 41

5 contribution Darwin made to evolution science

Answer 41

1. discoveries on Galapagos islands 2. describe finch species on each island- apparently related to a generalized finch 3. assertation that all animals descended from a smaller group of common ancestors 4.Natural selection 5.assertation that human evolved too

Question 42

Artificial selection

Answer 42

a model of the process of natural selection that influenced Darwin's thinking humans intentionally direct traits (dog breeds)

Question 43

how does natural selection differ from artificial selection

Answer 43

natural selection is left up to chance

Question 44

population ecology

Answer 44

limits to population growth density-dependent factors affecting survival

Question 45

what results in overpopulation

Answer 45

reproduction by species

Question 46

t or f inherited traits equip some individuals to succeed more than others in different environmental situations

Answer 46

true

Question 47

differential success is

Answer 47

survival of the fittest

Question 48

t or f traits of favored individuals will become more prominent in succeeding generations and populations will change

Answer 48

true

Question 49

environmental change keeps what moving?

Answer 49

evolution

Question 50

what is the modern gene theory

Answer 50

things that Darwin didnt know

Question 51

how did natural selection affect the development of coat color of the rock pocket mouse

Answer 51

the light colored mice that lived in the dark rocks were easier prey so they evolved to have darker fur

Question 52

autosomal recessive diseases

Answer 52

1. sickle cell anemia 2. cystic fibrosis 3. phenylketoneuria (PKU)

Question 53

why dont alleles that cause serious diseases disappear from the human population

Answer 53

sometime the heterozygous recessive gene can be beneficial with another disease like sickle cell and malaria

Question 54

what assupmtions must be met to make the H-W equation work

Answer 54

1. pop is very large and no genetic drift occurs 2.matings are random 3.no mutation 4. no migration 5.no selection

Question 55

inbreeding

Answer 55

mating w/ close relatives