Final Flashcards
1
Q
A CHN has received funds to create a heart health project. Which of the following illustrates the most potentially beneficial project?
a. Working with a single mothers’ group to support young women as they return to school and to promote healthy lifestyle choices, healthy nutrition and physical activity
b. Encouraging men in a seniors’ residence to eat healthy
c. Counseling middle aged married women to eat healthy during menopause
d. Delivering a heart health education session to a small group of lawyers and executives
A
A
2
Q
A CHN who is involved in community development is most likely to:
a. Develop handout materials to be distributed in the community that focus on illness and injury prevention
b. Educate the community on how to improve its health through a healthy diet and physical activity
c. Provide the community with health education programs on perinatal and seniors health
d. Act as a resource person for a community that has come together to generate solutions
A
D
3
Q
Empowerment is a concept used by CHNs:
a. In which the CHNs control how people move toward political efficacy
b. In all levels of their work with individuals, families, groups and communities
c. To promote certain communities to have more power than others
d. As an approach that is separate from the concept of social justice
A
B
4
Q
CHNs relationships with individuals and communities enables CHNs to:
a. Identify strengths and gaps in the current health care system
b. Provide rehabilitation services as part of Primary Health Care
c. Advocate for an increase in funding for acute care
d. Shift the health care system to a side-stream approach
A
A
5
Q
A group of nurses who advocate for mandatory bike helmet legislation for children and adults is an example of:
a. Building safe public environment
b. Creating supportive environments
c. Strengthening community action
d. Building healthy public policy
A
D
6
Q
Which of the following best illustrates an application of the Population Health Promotion Model (PHPM) that seeks:
• To influence education as a determinant of health
• To work at the community level
• To use strengthening community action as a health promotion strategy
a. CHNs working with the school board to provide hand-washing sessions
b. CHNs working with an immigrant aid society to offer English as a Second Language Class to workers at the local meat packing plant, the main employer in the community
c. CHNs offering nutrition education to two pregnant workers at the local meat packing plant, the main employer in the community
d. CHNs educating the community about personal safety through an article in the community newspaper
A
B
7
Q
Which of the following best illustrates the work of CHNs in building healthy policy at the population level?
a. Provincial bike helmet legislation
b. Adolescent women’s support group at a high school
c. Influenza clinics for a seniors residence
d. Hand-washing class for school children
A
A
8
Q
A community is all of the following except:
a. Senior citizens who belong to a seniors’ resource centre
b. Families who live in a geographic neighborhood
c. Students at a college
d. A random group of people
A
D
9
Q
A CHN is collecting qualitative data as part of a community assessment. What is the CHN most likely to be doing?
a. Generating files of statistical data
b. Collecting lists of community resources
c. Conducting a public meeting
d. Distributing a multiple choice survey
A
C
10
Q
What are vulnerable populations?
a. People who are more likely to have adverse health outcomes than other populations
b. People who live in a rural area
c. People who are the least likely to be ill in a population group
d. People who live North of 60 in Canada
A
A
11
Q
Which of the following is not considered a role of the CHN?
a. Advocate for health services
b. Educate new mothers on care of newborn
c. Diagnose a diabetic foot ulcer
d. Referral agent to community resources
A
C
12
Q
Which of the following elements would a CHN utilize in a windshield survey?
a. History, demographics, mortality rates, physical environment
b. History, demographics, values, physical environment
c. History, demographics, values, coping skills
d. History, demographics, mortality rates, education
A
a
13
Q
Which of the following nurses will have the best understanding of the mission of CHN? The nurse who:
a. Provides the most appropriate care to individuals in the community
b. Gets to know each individual and family that he/she is working with
c. Understands the needs of the individuals and families that comprise the population with which they work
d. Is diligent about keeping abreast of new treatments and technologies
A
c
14
Q
CHNs who are involved in community development are required to:
a. Have an understanding of community history, resources, and key players
b. Create a climate of trust in order to inform the community about the biomedical model
c. Control the process through the use of deadlines and hierarchy
d. Accept the status quo and be players in the existing system
A
a
15
Q
All of the following are the strategies of Primary Health Care except:
a. Linkages with health organizations
b. Active community participation
c. Use of obsolete technology
d. Support mechanisms made available
A
c
16
Q
In the collection of data, various methods are employed by a CHN. Which is NOT included in these methods?
a. Community surveys
b. Individual and family health records
c. Developing an operational plan
d. Observation of health related behaviours of individuals, families or groups
A
c
17
Q
All of the following are false except:
a. Culture is who we are and it will never change
b. Cultural competence is the ability to recognize diversity within groups
c. Competence in cultural competence means that I can do my work as I want
d. Cultural competence means treating all members of a cultural group the same way
A
b
18
Q
An example of tertiary prevention is:
a. Mammograms
b. Rehabilitative job training
c. Diet and exercise
d. Immunization for measles, mumps and rubella
A
b
19
Q
Disaster response includes four stages: prevention, response, preparation and
recovery. Preparedness includes which of the following:
a. A unified approach to incident management
b. Evacuation preparations
c. Restoration of physical and psychosocial disaster issues
d. Disaster kit preparation
A
d
20
Q
When the rate of disease, injury or other disorder exceeds the expectancy, it is
called:
a. Incidence
b. Epidemic
c. Rate
d. Pandemic
A
b
21
Q
Which of the following is not part of the community health assessment:
a. Identification of strengths and needs
b. Leads to a community diagnosis
c. Policy development
d. Utilizes data collection techniques
A
c
22
Q
Health inequities is a term used to describe
a. Systematic and avoidable differences in health status
b. Random differences in the distribution of health and illness
c. Unavoidable differences in the receipt of health services
d. The natural gradient of health in a population
A
a
23
Q
Which of the following is considered a natural disaster:
a. Structural collapse
b. Mitigation
c. Communicable diseases
d. Drought conditions
A
d
24
Q
A nurse is teaching an in-service for new nurses on the importance of cultural sensitivity when caring for patients. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. Ethnic diversity of health-care staff plays little role in the reduction of health-care inequalities.
b. Translators should always be used when a patient does not speak English as a primary language.
c. Nurses and other health-care workers may often display discriminatory behavior without realizing
d. Nurses must always work as patient advocates to make sure that the patient is receiving culturally sensitive care.
A
a
25
As defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), an example of a health promotion intervention is ____ whereas a health promotion, risk reduction is ____.
a. A health fair; funding a school health library
b. Giving a free exercise class; offering coupons at a restaurant for healthy food
c. A free antibiotic giveaway; a diet class for teenagers
d. A tour of a hospital; a relaxation technique class
b
26
A nurse is studying the increased infant mortality rate at a local hospital in a largely African American community. The nurse notes that there are very few options for prenatal care in the community and recognizes that this is an example of:
a. Health disparity
b. Health inequity
c. Health injustice
d. Social determinant of health
b
27
A nurse is working in a community center and notices a high rate of obesity in its members. The nurse suspects that poor access to fresh fruits and vegetables may be partially responsible. What should the nurse do first when formulating a plan?
a. Assess the social determinants in the community
b. Implement a plan to increase access to fresh produce
c. Outline the steps needed to address the disparity
d. Formulate a community diagnosis
a
28
A nurse is working with local government officials and political lobbyists to prompt a vote to improve the school lunch program. The nurse knows that this is an example of:
a. Advocacy
b. Public health policy
c. Equity
d. Public health economics
a
29
Which of the following is the primary explanation for life expectancy increasing so notably during the twentieth century?
a. An increase in findings from medical laboratory research
b. Incredible advances in surgical techniques and procedures
c. Improved sanitation and other public health activities
d. Increased use of antibiotics to fight infections
c
30
Which of the following is used as a measurement of population health?
a. Health status indicators
b. Awareness of levels of prevention
c. The number of memberships at the local fitness centre
d. Reported provincial alcohol and tobacco sales in any given month
a
31
A hospital nurse working in employee health notes that several nurses from one unit are missing from work after having contracted a communicable disease from a client. In this scenario, which one of the following is the host?
a. Each sick nurse
b. The communicable disease
c. The hospital
d. The client
a
32
Which one of the following is an example of the “advocate” role of the CHN?
a. Organizing home care support for a newly discharged older adult client
b. Acting as a member of a community action group for provision of accessible transit choices
c. Doing prenatal assessments
d. Facilitating a self-help group for smoking cessation
b
33
A CHN often has to make resource allocation decisions. In such cases, which of the following approaches will help the CHN to arrive at the decision?
a. Choosing a moral or ethical principle
b. Choosing the cheapest, most economical approach
c. Choosing the most rational outcome
d. Choosing the needs of the aggregate, rather than the needs of a few individuals
d
34
Which type of thinking is most reflective of looking at a macroscopic, big-picture population focus?
a. Collaborative thinking
b. Upstream thinking
c. Holistic thinking
d. Downstream thinking
b
35
Which of the following ethical principles indicates that the CHN is ethically bound to do good within the limitations of time, place, and talent?
a. Justice
b. Beneficence
c. Nonmaleficence
d. Distributive justice
b
36
As part of primary prevention, a parish nurse wants to encourage some elementary school students to increase their vigorous exercise. Which action by the parish nurse will help these students attain an improved health status?
a. Encouraging families to ensure that the students receive healthy diets and plenty of rest
b. Fostering relationships among families with children of similar ages so that they can work together toward goal attainment
c. Partnering with a youth pastor to establish sports activities that will include those individuals with special needs
d. Working with faith-based school teachers to include in the curriculum teaching about healthy diet and food selection
c
37
Which of the following is being practised by the CHN who periodically conducts spirometry testing of employees working with hazardous gases?
a. Primary prevention
b. Secondary prevention
c. Tertiary prevention
d. Tertiary care
b
38
In addition to the common barriers faced by most rural residents, which one of the following is an additional barrier to health care that a Mexican migrant farm worker is more likely to encounter?
a. Absence of culturally appropriate care
b. Availability of specialists
c. Distance of health care facilities from the place of residence
d. Lack of anonymity
a
39
For a CHN, which of the following describes the goal of advocacy?
a. Gaining organizational and governmental support for the promotion of nursing objectives
b. Improving community service needs identified by research findings
c. Integrating evidence-informed practice guidelines in the provision of community nursing service
d. Promoting self-determination in a client, family, group, or community
d
40
Research demonstrates that exercise is important for general wellness and weight control. The CHN can use this information to implement primary prevention by doing which of the following?
a. Developing individualized exercise programs for overweight children
b. Drafting policy for increases in noncompetitive physical activity programs
c. Monitoring body mass index in children to identify elevations before they become difficult to manage
d. Notifying parents or guardians of their child’s height–weight scale in comparison with national norms
b
41
Which of the following accurately describes an appropriate starting point for the application of a population health approach?
a. Emergency life-saving care
b. The determinants of health
c. Health promotion models
d. Risk management
b
42
The Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice identifies a community health nurse (CHN)’s role as advocate in creating public policy, as supporter of community action to influence public policy, and as instrument for societal change. Which one of the following is an example of a healthy public policy?
a. Immunizations
b. Behaviour change
c. Marketing materials
d. Crib/bed safety initiatives for infants and young children
d
43
What is the focus of health promotion in Canada?
a. Achieving consensus on community health needs
b. Developing a population approach based on the determinants of health
c. Dictating interventions that match the government’s identified priorities
d. Promoting individual health status
b
44
Which one of the following is the most important ingredient for effective community development?
a. Adequate funding
b. Appropriate location for the services provided
c. Community participation
d. Professional expertise
c
45
Which of the following actions by the nurse executive would best implement evidence-informed practice at a community nursing centre that serves a large Cuban immigrant population?
a. Having university experts with cultural competency expertise review the centre’s policies
b. Having weekly staff meetings for the purpose of determining which methods seem to work best when helping immigrants
c. Including Cuban immigrants from the community on the centre’s advisory board
d. Sending centre staff to conferences and seminars that focus on providing health care to immigrants from Spanish-speaking countries
c
46
A health care provider is concerned about the high number of clients with type 2 diabetes who have poor glucose control. In order to implement evidence-informed practice to manage this problem, which one of the following would be the best reference for the health care provider to use?
a. Published protocols
b. Current research findings
c. Opinions of colleagues
d. Nursing journals
b
47
A CHN implemented an education program that incorporated computer games to reinforce learning in a community of older adults. Although earlier research had demonstrated evidence of improved retention of information by using this method, the CHN found exactly the opposite effect in this group of clients. Which one of the following is the most likely cause of the poor outcome in the education program?
a. Failure to consider client individuality
b. Inadequate incorporation of evidence into practice
c. Inferior quality of the available research evidence
d. The CHN’s lack of skills in evaluating the evidence
a
48
Which of the following is included in the ways in which a CHN can best facilitate incorporation of evidence-informed practice in the clinical setting?
a. Elimination of all protocols and standards that are not evidence based
b. Group reflection on the ideals and expectations of nursing care
c. Incorporation of more practice-oriented research into decision making
d. Revision of mission statements and organizational philosophies
c
49
Which one of the following is the central, most important concept or action in nursing today?
a. Adapting to the use of computers and other technological advances
b. Caring
c. Distinguishing nursing care from medical care
d. Seeking evidence-based outcomes
b
50
Some CHNs are disagreeing strongly about the appropriate action to take in relation to a particular family in which one member is ill and the other family members have chosen to continue working at their jobs instead of take time off to care for the ill family member. One CHN asks, “What sort of example does this behaviour set for the community? What if everyone always put their jobs before their families?” Which of the following types of thinking is this CHN applying?
a. Communitarianism
b. Deontological ethics
c. Principlism
d. Utilitarianism
a
51
A community health nurse (CHN) is facing an ethical dilemma and is not able to determine which option would have the best outcome. She finally decides to talk to her supervisor and let the supervisor decide which action to take. Ethically, into which category does the CHN’s decision fall?
a. The decision is appropriate because the supervisor is responsible for the CHN’s choices.
b. The decision is intelligent because the supervisor has access to resource persons (spiritual leaders, physicians, administrators) who may know of options that the CHN has not considered.
c. The decision is advisable, but only as an opportunity to further discuss the issue because ultimately the CHN is still responsible for her own choice.
d. The decision is smart because the supervisor would be more aware of community priorities.
c
52
Much ethical debate has revolved around issues in acute health care, for example, the continuation or withdrawal of medical treatment. In such a specific situation, which of the following is usually the dominant issue?
a. Doing what is best for the community
b. Doing what is best for the family
c. Obeying legal mandates
d. Upholding the client’s autonomy
d
53
A family from Mexico presents to the public health department. None of the family members speak English, and no one at the health department speaks Spanish. Which of the following will be the most appropriate action on the part of the CHN?
a. Attempting communication using an English–Spanish phrase book
b. Calling the local hospital and arranging a referral
c. Emphatically stating, “No hablo Español” (I don’t speak Spanish) and repeating as necessary
d. Finding an interpreter to translate
d
54
The CHN who wishes to develop cultural competence can improve cultural awareness by doing which one of the following?
a. Completing a survey of all the ethnic groups in the CHN’s community
b. Considering how the CHN’s personal beliefs and decisions are reflective of his or her culture
c. Inviting a family from another cultural background to participate in an event with the CHN
d. Studying the beliefs and traditions of persons coming from other cultures
b
55
For the community health nurse (CHN) who is involving the community–client as partner, during which phase does data collection take place to determine the community’s health and structure?
a. Assessment phase
b. Planning phase
c. Implementation phase
d. Evaluation phase
a
56
Which of the following is the best resource for the CHN who wants information about the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in a local region of the country?
a. Hospital records and statistics
b. Online information from Statistics Canada
c. The local chamber of commerce
d. The obituary columns of local newspapers
b
57
When assessing immigrant access to regional health care, which data collection method would be the best choice to provide key information about the community?
a. Interviews with employees of the local health board
b. Informant interviews with local community members
c. Interview with a legislator or local politician
d. Interview with a public health official
b
58
Which measure of community health will the CHN who wishes to assess the status of a community’s health examine?
a. Community awareness
b. Health facilities
c. Health care manpower
d. Vital statistics
d
59
A committee concludes that a program’s objectives were met and that activities received positive ratings from the community, but decides that the program will be discontinued because its cost was triple the amount anticipated. In this scenario, which one of the following program evaluation measures has been identified as the problem?
a. Adequacy
b. Effectiveness
c. Impact
d. Sustainability
d
60
Which one of the following programs would best exemplify an emphasis on tertiary prevention?
a. Development of an in-school clinic that provides counselling on contraception
b. Providing a diabetes management program for persons with diabetes mellitus
c. Providing cardiovascular fitness evaluations at annual health fairs
d. Setting up free blood pressure screening at popular department stores and supermarkets
b
61
A committee of health care professionals would like to establish a district-wide program to improve access to culturally competent health care services for Vietnamese immigrants. Which one of the following would be the best person to select as a key information provider about this community’s needs?
a. The hospital administrator
b. A Vietnamese community leader
c. A national expert on cultural competency
d. A provincial/territorial or municipal government official
b
62
Which one of the following would be designated as a group in the community?
a. Clients in the emergency room (ER) waiting area
b. Shoppers in a mall elevator
c. Passengers waiting at a bus stop
d. Teens who socialize on weekends
d
63
Which one of the following would be considered an effective group norm?
a. Group meetings generally do not start on time, but they do end on time.
b. Group members share positive and negative feelings about what is happening.
c. Group members often have hidden agendas to meet other purposes.
d. The group leader makes most of the group decisions.
b
64
When does the mitigation phase of disaster management begin?
a. Before the disaster occurs
b. During the disaster
c. Immediately following the disaster
d. During the recovery period
a
65
Which of the following demonstrates the final phase of application of the community health nursing process?
a. Presenting feedback about a 6-week fitness class
b. Determining the needs of the community
c. Developing a 6-week wellness program
d. Supervising a fitness class at the local YWCA or YMCA
a
66
Developing a communication strategy to keep community members informed is an example of which of the following components of community capacity building?
a. Skill development
b. Partnership building
c. Documentation of progress
d. Establishing a planning team group
b
67
Which one of the following is a feature of community capacity building?
a. Asking why
b. Assessing the status quo
c. Obtaining sustainable financial resources
d. Ensuring government is involved at all levels of planning
a
68
In which of the following scenarios does the occupational health nurse (OHN) use primary prevention to improve health outcomes when environmental health risks are present?
a. Using radiation detectors to detect unsafe levels of radiation exposure
b. Irrigating the eyes of an employee who has had a chemical splash to the face
c. Teaching new employees who will work outdoors about the signs and symptoms of heat-related illness
d. Using spirometry to rule out obstructive or restrictive lung disease in workers before they start using mask respirators
c
69
In the event of a disaster localized to one district, nursing response would most likely be directed by which following group?
a. Canadian Red Cross
b. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
c. Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response (CEPR)
d. Paramedics
c
70
Of the following statements about Salmonella made by class members in a class about disease prevention, which one indicates that additional teaching is needed?
a. “Certain pets and farm animals may be Salmonella carriers.”
b. “It is possible to transmit Salmonella through person-to-person contact.”
c. “Salmonella may be spread through blood once the infected blood is exposed to air.”
d. “Salmonella outbreaks are usually due to contaminated meat, poultry, and eggs.”
c
71
Which of the following actions should a CHN take when using the case management approach with vulnerable populations?
a. Be willing to enter into a long-term relationship with families.
b. Direct and control the client’s care because the CHN knows what is most needed.
c. Encourage families to become self-sufficient and less dependent on nursing personnel for advice and referrals.
d. Rotate assignments periodically, to prevent attachment and codependency.
a
72
Which one of the following is an example of tertiary prevention by a CHN?
a. Administering the Mantoux (skin) test to identify persons with TB
b. Assessing for signs and symptoms of active TB
c. Directly observing clients with active TB as they take their antituberculosis medications
d. Interpreting TB skin test results
c
73
Which of the following actions by a case manager would be classified as primary prevention?
a. Advocating for the client whose values conflict with those of the medical service provider
b. Collaborating between nursing and occupational health personnel
c. Educating a group regarding community services that are available if they are ever needed
d. Resolving conflict between a primary care clinic and a tertiary care facility
c
74
A client reports that the narcotic she took for pain on a regular basis made her feel bad and that when she tried an alternative analgesic, she experienced withdrawal symptoms. What is this client suffering from?
a. Drug abuse
b. Drug addiction
c. Drug dependence
d. Substance abuse
c
75
Which one of the following is the best intervention a community health nurse (CHN) can initiate to increase lasting resilience among new immigrants?
a. Directing clients to English-as-a-second-language courses
b. Giving immigrant clients money to help them get settled
c. Identifying areas in the city where housing is less expensive
d. Soliciting donations for food, clothing, and other needs
a
76
Which of the following is a primary cause of vulnerability?
a. Breakdown of family structures
b. Poverty
c. Prejudice
d. Social isolation
b
77
A CHN is concerned about caregiver stress in the children of older clients with health concerns. Which of the following secondary prevention strategies can the CHN implement to limit caregiver stress?
a. Asking caregivers how they are coping with their role
b. Encouraging caregivers to periodically take a few hours away from their duties
c. Establishing support groups for caregivers of older adult parents
d. Referring some caregiving responsibilities to home health nurses (HHNs) or professional caregivers
a
78
Which of the following actions can a CHN take to potentially increase accessibility to health care services for mentally ill homeless clients?
a. Apply for a grant to fund a mobile clinic to take health care to the clients.
b. Distribute flyers to homeless persons that detail the location of various healthcare services.
c. Refer homeless clients to temporary housing facilities.
d. Solicit donations for food and clothing to be distributed to the homeless.
a
79
A CHN who works at a clinic for homeless persons wants to institute a more efficient treatment for chronic wounds. Which of the following actions offers the best way to improve outcomes for these clients?
a. Administer antibiotics to all homeless persons with chronic, nonhealing wounds.
b. Facilitate daily access to a room with soap, water, and bandages.
c. Provide free bandaging supplies to clients at each clinic visit.
d. Regularly monitor the wound condition of clients.
b
80
By which of the following actions can the CHN best ensure long-term positive health outcomes in pregnant teens from low-income groups and their children?
a. Help teen mothers learn about body changes during pregnancy.
b. Develop programs that enable teen mothers to complete their education.
c. Offer courses in proper care of babies.
d. Monitor pregnant teens for early detection of problems in pregnancy.
b
81
Which of the following is the primary determining factor of poor health outcomes in women?
a. Feelings of powerlessness
b. Lack of knowledge
c. Poverty
d. Stress
c
82
What is the ultimate goal of program planning?
a. Avoiding unanticipated conflicts in the program development phase
b. Ensuring adequate funding to meet the program’s resource requirement
c. Ensuring that health care services are satisfactory, comparable, effective, and beneficial
d. Preventing unnecessary duplication of services
c
83
In order to evaluate a program designed to decrease obesity among school-aged children, which of the following questions would be the most important to consider?
a. Are the school-aged children satisfied with the program?
b. Can the parents and guardians support the program requirements?
c. Has obesity among the school-aged children decreased?
d. What is the program cost compared with the program benefit?
c
84
Evaluation is under way for a province-wide program whose goal is to decrease teen injury and death associated with driving while under the influence of alcohol. Which of the following questions is most effective in helping make a summative evaluation of the program?
a. Are program participants completing all aspects of the program, and do their satisfaction scores indicate that they are pleased with the program?
b. What is the change in statistics for injuries and deaths associated with drunk driving among teens in the year following the program?
c. What is the difference in the amount of alcohol intake by teens before and after participant entry into the program?
d. What problems with program implementation have been identified?
b
85
Which of the following potential data sources would most likely be eliminated by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to conduct a needs assessment on a limited budget?
a. Community forums
b. Examination of community indicators
c. Focus groups
d. Surveys
d
86
On the basis of projected increases in the number of older adult Canadian citizens, a planning committee wants to establish a daycare program for the community’s older adult population. Which stage would be used to assess the needs of this proposed program?
a. Preactive stage
b. Reactive stage
c. Inactive stage
d. Interactive stage
a
87
A nurse is working at a community clinic counseling a young woman. The woman's husband was physically abusive, so she took her children and left. She needs assistance in finding housing for a few months until she can leave town to live with her mother. What does the nurse recommend?
a. A hotel
b. A shelter
c. Temporary affordable housing
d. Permanent affordable housing
b
88
A nurse is talking with a young man who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. He is talking with the nurse about feeling stigmatized due to his mental illness and is requesting assistance in finding local support. The nurse knows that stigma is:
a. Possessing a characteristic that is typically thought of as less desirable in society
b. A negative belief that is applied to an entire community or group of people
c. The negative treatment of a person due to their race, ethnicity, religion, or gender
d. A positive belief that is applied to an entire community or group of people
a
89
A nurse is teaching a class on the health needs of the homeless population. One of the students asks, what is the most pressing need for homeless men and women? How does the nurse respond?
a. Access to health care
b. Food security
c. Safe and affordable housing
d. Financial assistance
a
90
A nurse is working in a community health clinic where there is a high migrant worker population that work in the area. Unique health problems faced by this population include:
a. Exposure to pesticides and trauma
b. Communicable diseases such as tuberculosis
c. Malnutrition
d. All of the above
d
91
A nurse is caring for a young woman with two young children. They are currently living in a shelter for families escaping from domestic violence. The nurse recognizes that this family is suffering from what type of homelessness?
a. Primary homelessness
b. Sheltered homelessness
c. Hidden homelessness
d. The person is not homeless
b
92
A nurse is examining factors that may impact teen pregnancy rate as part of a desire to reduce the high rate in her community. During the initial community assessment, the nurse identifies low socioeconomic status as a potential risk factor for increased rate of teen pregnancy. How should the nurse proceed?
a. Continue to look for other risk factors to see if they overlap with socioeconomic status.
b. Begin to set goals that would address teen pregnancy by addressing socioeconomic differences in the community.
c. Create a plan to increase access to women's health care for young women in the community and begin an abstinence only educational programs in the schools.
d. Establish the necessary budget for a clinic that would specialize in adolescent medicine
a
93
A nursing student is about to begin a clinical rotation at a homeless shelter downtown. At the pre-clinical class meeting, the instructor gives the student all of the following suggestions for providing appropriate care except:
a. Put follow up instructions in writing so they can take the instructions with them
b. Choose words carefully so that the client does not feel bias or discrimination from the nurse
c. Use technical terms when possible so that your client feels confident that you know what you are doing
d. Discuss housing and other government support programs where they may be able to access more services
c
94
An elderly Inuit woman lives in a small, remote village in northern Canada. She has been diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes, but rarely makes it to the regional clinic in a distant town for checkups. This woman is most likely to suffer from which one of the following?
a. Disenfranchisement
b. Health disparities
c. Subjective poverty
d. Resilience
b
95
Women’s health covers the entire lifespan and involves health promotion, maintenance, and restoration related to the biological, social, and cultural dimensions of women’s lives. Which one of the following is an underlying principle of women’s health?
a. Normal female development includes rites of passage and life events.
b. Menopause is a medical syndrome that requires treatment.
c. Reproductive health is the focus of women’s health.
d. Cardiovascular health is the primary concern for women
a
96
An urban area uses local radio, TV, and newspapers to post ratings of air quality on days when the air quality is poor. This notification is directed toward the elderly, the very young, and those with chronic breathing problems. These groups are an example of which type of population?
a. Disenfranchised populations
b. Disadvantaged populations
c. Deinstitutionalized populations
d. Vulnerable populations
d
97
The later years of life for many older adults mark a period of abruptly changing social dynamics over which the older adult has very little control. The nurse should understand that this phenomenon of later life may result in which of the following?
a. Dementia
b. Age-associated memory impairment
c. Instability
d. Increased spiritual awareness
d
98
Injuries and accidents are the most common causes of preventable disease, disability, and death among children. The CHN recognizes that most accidents occur in which location?
a. At school or daycare
b. On roadways
c. In the home
d. At playgrounds and parks
c
99
A community’s structure can influence the potential for violence. The potential for community violence is decreased by the presence of which of the following conditions?
a. Crowded public housing
b. Transient populations
c. Social isolation
d. Community cohesiveness
d
100
Health education is often used as a strategy for working with vulnerable populations. A group’s or individual’s benefits of health education can be affected greatly by which of the following?
a. The cycle of dependency
b. Health literacy
c. Level of income
d. Ethnicity
b
101
When the CHN places emphasis on client strengths and assets rather than on a client’s deficits and susceptibility, which one of the following is likely to increase?
a. Resilience
b. Income
c. Helplessness
d. Vulnerability
a
102
A nurse manager is orientating newly hired nurses to the role of the community health nurse. The following information should be included in the orientation:
a. Community health nurses provide care to diverse populations.
b. Community health nurses only work in rural areas.
c. Community health nurses must be accompanied when they provide care in client’s homes.
d. Mental health clients are not cared for by community health nurses.
a
103
Community health nurses provide care for clients by focusing on:
a. Health maintenance.
b. Health protection.
c. Palliation.
d. Health restoration.
e. All of the above.
e
104
The purpose of conducting a community assessment includes:
a. Satisfying one's curiosity about a particular place.
b. Looking for one particular client family you will be visiting.
c. Making travel in the community easier in the future.
d. Determining strengths, weakness, needs, and resources.
d
105
The community health nurse should be focused on:
a. Wellness for every individual.
b. Economic forces of community.
c. Advanced technology.
d. Evaluation of the practice.
a
106
Community health nurses:
a. Provide appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries.
b. Provide appropriate technology that the people can use and afford.
c. Test community water supplies.
d. Provide clients with essential basic drugs.
a
107
What is food security?
a. It relates to efforts to prevent terrorists from poisoning food supplies
b. It is about ensuring everyone’s access to food
c, Its component elements include availability, utilization, and stability as well as access to food
d. Food security focuses primarily on ending micronutrient malnutrition.
c
108
A person who harbours the microorganism but does not manifest the signs and symptoms of the disease is called:
a. Contact
b. Infected
c. Suspect
d. Carrier
a
109
Which of the following term refers to the degree of pathogenicity of a microbe, or in other words the relative ability of a microbe to cause disease?
a. Susceptibility
b. Virulence
c. Infection
d. None of the above
b
110
It is important for nurses to understand traditional healing practices of their clients because:
a. Folk practices are usually ineffective
b. Nurses can refer clients to the appropriate local folk healers
c. Safe, effective traditional healing methods can be blended with Western medicine
d. The nurse must understand them to help the client give them up
c
111
A nurse who speaks only English has just gotten a new client for an intake interview. The client is a refugee who has very limited English proficiency. The nurse should:
a. Get an interpreter
b. See whether another nurse, more comfortable with refugees, will work with the client
c. See what helpful information is on the Internet
d. Try to communicate with hand gestures
a
112
A CHN distributes safe sex kits to sex workers and street involved youth. This is an example of:
a. Upstream thinking
b. Secondary prevention
c. Primary prevention
d. Collaboration
c
113
An example of a Program Planning Model is:
a. Community Program Model
b. Health Fair Planning
c. PATCH
d. Program Feasibility Model
c
114
Margaret lives in poverty. This means she does not have enough income to:
a. Buy sufficient food
b. Purchase school supplies
c. Pay her phone bill
d. Obtain a hair cut
a
115
A CHN develops a handout educating people who use injection drugs how to inject safely to avoid developing infection and abscess. This is an example of the CNO ethical value:
a. Respect for life
b. Client choice
c. Fairness
d. Nursing knowledge
b
116
nne’s client is HIV positive. He is not on medication for his condition. He tells Anne he does not use any protection during sexual activity nor will he disclose his status to partners. Anne sends him to hospital. She is utilizing which value of the CNA Code of Ethics?
a. Justice
b. Dignity
c. Harm principle
d. Choice
c
117
Which report discusses the five major actions that shifted health promotion strategies to include communities?
a. Epp Report
b. Ottawa Charter
c. Lalonde Report
d. Alma-Ata Declaration
b
118
What are the foundational concepts in health promotion?
a. Disease, health enhancement, health protection
b. Engage, resiliency, advocacy
c. Disease, enabling, diversity
d. Autonomy, nonmaleficence, distributed justice
a
119
Community Health Nurses are well positioned to address the social determinants of health and health inequities that affect their clients. The social determinants of health and the work of primary health are collaborative and naturally intersect. What terms are used to describe community health collaboration?
a. Patient/client engagement
b. Population health approach
c. Interprofessional, interdisciplinary
d. Democracy and civil rights
c
120
In most scenarios, Community Health Nurses need to take an upstream thinking approach. What is an example of an upstream thinking approach?
a. An individual focus that does not consider environmental factor but “how can an illness and its consequences be treated.”
b. A regional, local, community, or organizational level such as “how can we change the causes of the illness or injury?”
c. An approach that looks beyond the individual and takes on the big picture focus. “How can we change the causes of the causes, or the conditions that set the conditions for the illness or injury?”
d. Activities that seek to prevent the occurrence of a disease based on the natural history of the disease or injury.
c
