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FINAL Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

OT Profession

A
  • helping people achieve independence, meaning, & satisfaction in ALL aspects of life
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2
Q

Occupation

A

Groups of activities/tasks of everyday life
ex. self care/productivity/leisure

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3
Q

Hand Hygiene points of contact

A
  1. before initial pt. contact
  2. before aseptic procedure
  3. after body fluid exposure
  4. after pt. contact
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4
Q

Putting ON PPE

A
  1. santize
  2. gown
  3. mask
  4. gloves
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5
Q

Taking OFF PPE

A
  1. gloves
  2. gown (roll)
  3. Sanitize
  4. Mask
  5. Sanitize
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6
Q

Contact Isolation

A

Gown & gloves

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7
Q

Droplet Isolation

A

-eye protection
-mask
-gown
-gloves

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8
Q

Airborne Isolation

A

-Negative pressure room
-eye protection
-gown
-gloves
-N95 mask

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9
Q

Roles/Responsibilities of OTA

A

-Implement treatment plan
-admin roll (collect data/paper work)
-Prep materials/data collection during assessment
-Pt. Education

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10
Q

Functional Assessment

A

-determines current level of functioning
-strengths/weaknesses
-how pt. manages day to day
-identify challenges/gaps needing to be addressed

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11
Q

OT Scope of Practice

A
  1. screening
  2. evaluation
  3. treatment plan
  4. re-evaluation
  5. discharge plan
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12
Q

Activity Analysis

A

activity skills decomposed for the purpose of analysis

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13
Q

How activity analysis is used in OT

A

-requirements of task is established (steps)
-Physical, cognitive, and psychological demands

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14
Q

Why we need activity analysis

A

-discover aspects of activity that make it difficult to complete
-understand the effect an activity has on a client
-adapt the activity to allow for change

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15
Q

Grading

A

-increasing/decreasing difficulty of activity based on how the client responds

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16
Q

Pacing

A

-breaking up steps and pacing through, rest in between
-client can acquire skill gradually, step by step
-one skill at a time

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17
Q

Adapting

A

-restructuring the activities to meet the needs of the client

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18
Q

Cognition

A

-knowing/awareness
-perceiving, remembering, reasoning, judging, problem-solving

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19
Q

Delerium

A

-sudden/severe change in cognition
-confusion, disorientation, cant think clearly
-temporary; associated with medical illness

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20
Q

Dementia

A

-decline in mental ability
-severe enough to interfere with daily life

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21
Q

Mild Cognitive Impairment

A

-cognitive changes serious enough to be noticed but does NOT interfere with daily life

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22
Q

Strategies when working with individuals who have a cognitive impairment

A

-Conitive training
-Tabletop activities
-Adapt approach to tailor to individual needs
-Remedial Approach
-Adaptive approach
-grade activities
-give cues

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23
Q

Cueing order

A

-Verbal
-Verbal non directive
-Verbal directive
-demonstration

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24
Q

Adaptive Aids for feeding

A

-universal cuff
-built up utentsils
-angled/weighted utensils
-rocker knife

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25
Adaptive aids for dressing/hygiene
-sock aid -long shoe horn -reacher -dressing stick
26
In hand manipulation skills
-Finger to palm translation -palm to finger translation -trapping -shift -rotation (simple & complex)
27
Principles of motor skill development
1. Reach (transport phase) 2. Grasp 3. Voluntary release 4. in hand manipulation 5. bilateral hand use
28
Basic positions of hand
....
29
Direction of development/skills
-Stabilize shoulder/elbow BEFORE smaller movements -develop top-down; middle-out -stability before mobility
30
Walking aid types
-4ww -2ww -standard walker
31
4ww Requirements
-both hands -stability -grip strength -foldable -cognitive -environment
32
2ww requirments
-both hands -cognitive -more supportive -foldable -not good outside
33
Standard walker requirements
-lifting -both hands -cognitive -more supportive -foldable -not good outside
34
Fall prevention strategies
-clear paths -eliminate clutter -proper lighting -stair safety -grab bars
35
FIM Levels
1. Total <25% 2. Max 25-49% 3. Mod 50-74% 4. Min 75+% 5. supervision 6. modified independence (device/more time) 7. total independence (timely/safely)
36
THR Posterior Precautions
-No bending over -No crossing legs -keep feet straight
37
THR Anterior Precautions
-no bridging -keep feet straight
38
Hip Fracture precautions
-no movement precautions -PWB
39
TKR precautions
-No movement precautions -WBAT
40
Shoulder Replacement Precautions
-no weight bearing -no pushing/pulling/lifting -arm in sling always -no AROM in shoulder
41
Assisted Devices for THR/TKR/LE Fractures
-Long handle Reacher, sock aid, shoe horn -Long handle sponge -Elastic shoelaces -Raised toilet seat/over toilet commode with arms -Shower chair, tub transfer bench, clamp on bar -Foam cushion/furniture risers -Bed helper -Leg lifter
42
Assisted Devices for TSA/UE Fractures
-Dressing stick, button hook -Sling -Elastic shoelaces -1 hand techniques -Cane -Clamp on bar -Long handle grooming tools
43
Osteoarthritis
-wear and tear -breakdown of cartilage -weight bearing joints -unilateral -Jobs: capenter/physios/healthcare/office workers
44
Rheumatoid Arthritis
-Autoimmune disorder -inflammation/pain -bilateral/symmetrical- both sides
45
Gout
-inflammatory arthritis -excess uric acid -extreme pain
46
Trigger Finger
-Affects tendons that flex fingers -locking sensation when you bend/straighten fingers
47
Swan neck
-PIP Hyperextension & DIP flexion -degenerative -weakness/tearing of ligament -seen with RA
48
Boutonniere
-PIP flexion & DIP hyperextension -Injury to tendons
49
4 Ps of energy conservation
1. Prioritize 2. Plan 3. Pace 4. Positioning
50
Joint protection Strategies
1. Respect pain 2. Maintain good strength/ROM 3. Avoid positions that push joints toward deformity 4. Use of strongest/largest joint 5. Avoid staying in one position 6. Energy conservation: minimal effort 7. Assistive devices/splinting
51
Client Measurments for wheelchair
-Seat width: +2 -Seat Depth: -2 -Floor to seat: + 2 (foot rests) -Back rest: to scapula (less support); to shoulders/head (more support) -Armrest: +1
52
Type 1 wheelchair
-standard -basic/occasional use -self-propelling
53
Type 2 Wheelchair
-lighter weight -daily use -adjustable parts -self-propelling
54
Type 3 wheelchair
-even lighter weight -very active use (main mobility) -UE Propelling -Anti-tippers, quick release axles, adjustable center of gravity
55
Type 4 Wheelchair
-performance -ultra light -everyday/active -non folding/fixed footrests -UE Propelling
56
Type 5 wheelchair
-Tilt in space -heavy -no self propelling
57
Type of Cushion
-Foam -Gel -Air -Hybrid
58
Pro/Con of Foam cusion
Pro: Supportive Con: not much pressure relief
59
Pro/con of Gel Cushion
Pro: Prevent skin breakdown Con: Not stable
60
Pro/con of Air Cushion
Pro: Heal/prevent pressure injury Con: self-management to inflate (requires cognition)
61
Pro/Con of hybrid Cushion
Pro: equal support/pressure relief Con: costly
62
Impact of improper positioning
-deformities -pressure injuries -uncomfortable -improper body alighnment -decrease function/independence
63
Impact of foot rest too high/low
High: too much pressure, discomfort, skin breakdown Low: blood circulation reduces, digging in back of thighs, slide out of chair
64
Impact of head rest too high/low
High: strain on neck low: no support/head extension
65
How to improve posure
- hips/knees/elbow at 90 degrees -straight spine/normal curves -feet supported -equal height -tray for more stability
66
OTA responsibility with splinting
-Assist OT -Positioning, fabrication, pt. education (wear times/warning signs) -Preperation/ordering inventory
67
OT responsibility with splinting
- assessment, splint design, fabrication, discharge
68
Types of Splints
- Immobilization Splint - Static Splint - Resting Pan
69
Immobilization splint
- wrist in neutral - full finger mobility - decrease pain/inflammation - prevent deformity - minimize pressure
70
Static Splint
- no moveable parts -immobilize -function with ADLs
71
Resting Pan
-immobilize fingers/wrist -characterized by C Bar - 20-30 degrees of wrist extension - slight flexion of PIP/DIP joints
72
Splinting Principles
-contour -decrease pressure -hand creases
73
Warning signs for client
- skin discoloration - pain - pressure - sharpness - tightness

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