Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GERO 300 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

(64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

successful aging

A

the attainment of peak physical and psychological function in old age and continued participation in social and productive activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some critiques of the successful aging paradigm?

A
  • unrealistic portrayals of old age
  • fails to account for the multidimensional nature of successful aging
  • ignores the subjective experiences of older adults
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cohort aging

A

occurs as cohorts advance between different aging categories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

social aging

A

changes to roles and relationships with family, friends, and other informal supports as one ages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

psychological aging

A

changes in cognitive abilities, adaptive capabilities, and personality as one ages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are 3 factors that influence the size and age structure of population pyramids?

A
  • fertility rate - births in a population
  • mortality rate - deaths in a population
  • migration - movement of people across borders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what percentage of Canada’s population are older adults?

A

16%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sex ratio

A

the number of males for ever 100 females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dependency ratio

A

measures the number of dependents to the number of working-age adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 types of dependency ratios?

A
  • elderly - ratio of older adults to adults
  • child - ratio of children to adults
  • total - combined ratio of older adults and children to adults
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

life course

A

the biological, social, psychological, historical, and economic factors that shape the lives of people over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

transitions

A

key points in the life course where changes in social roles occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

countertransitions

A

changes caused by another person’s role changing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

trajectory

A

a series of transitions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

theory of cumulative disadvantage

A

disadvantages of an individual/group are magnified over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 types of effects

A
  • age effect - change occurring as a result of aging
  • period effect - impact of a historical event on the whole society
  • cohort effect - social change that occurs as one cohort replaces another
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are 3 micro theories of aging?

A
  • disengagement theory
  • activity theory
  • continuity theory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

disengagement theory

A

a mutual disengagement of an individual and society occurs in old age so death will be less disruptive to the social system (micro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

activity theory

A

older adults attempt to maintain their activities or find substitutes in later life (micro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

continuity theory

A

older adults attempt to maintain continuity in their lives (micro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are 3 meso theories of aging?

A
  • subculture theory
  • exchange theory
  • social constructionism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

subculture theory

A

subcultures develop among people who have similar interests/experiences or have been excluded from full participation in broader society (meso)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

exchange theory

A

social relationships are most satisfying when both parties feel they contribute equally to the relationship (meso)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

social constructionism

A

humans are active agents who create their own reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are 6 macro theories of aging?
* modernization theory * age stratification theory * age integration theory * political economy theories * feminist theories * critical gerontology
26
modernization theory
nations can be placed on a continuum based on their level of modernization, and modernization results in a loss of status and roles for the elderly (macro)
27
what factors can result in loss of status according to modernization theory?
* advances in health technology * modern economic technology * urbanization * mass education
28
age stratification theory
society groups people into social categories which provide them with social identities (macro)
29
age integration theory
age stratification can create age-segregated and age-integrated institutions (macro)
30
political economy theories
highlight the role of structural institutions and power relationships in understanding how older adults are treated in society (macro)
31
feminist theories
focus on the gendered nature of society (macro)
32
what are disabilities and the most common ways to measure them?
* the inability to continue regular activities of daily living * activities of daily living (ADLs) - e.g. eating, bathing, mobility
33
what are 2 environmental theories of biological aging?
* wear and tear theory - the body operates similar to a machine and wears out over time * somatic mutation theory - harmful mutations caused by environmental stressors accumulate with age and damage somatic cells
34
what are 5 developmental/genetic theories of aging?
* autoimmune theory * cross-linkage theory * neuroendocrine theory * free radical theory * genetic control theory
35
autoimmune theory
over time, the immune system's protective reaction declines and the system loses its ability to distinguish between self and nonself
36
cross-linkage theory
as we age, the body accumulates cross-linked collagen, which makes tissue stiffer and results in changes to the body
37
neuroendocrine theory
functional loss of neurons and their hormones is central to the aging process
38
free radical theory
unstable free radicals can damage cells or cause cell mutations
39
genetic control theory
generic control is programmed into every cell in our bodies, creating a blueprint for aging
40
lentigo
discolouration of the skin, caused by acucmulation of melatonin
41
senile purpura
bruises where blood vessels have ruptured
42
Parkinson's disease
occurs due to the slow death of nerve cells in the brain - the exact cause is unknown
43
presbyopia
inability to focus on near objects
44
cataracts
the lens of the eye becomes cloudy
45
glaucoma
increased pressure in the eye due to fluid buildup; can lead to blindness
46
presbycusis
hearing loss that occurs with age
47
osteoporosis
a disease resulting in severe bone loss where bones become thin and porous
48
arthritis
a condition characterized by joint inflammation resulting in pain, swelling, and deformity
49
what are the two types of arthritis
* osteoarthritis - degeneration at joint surfaces caused by cartilage being worn with age * rheumatoid arthritis - occurs when the immune system attacks the synovial membranes
50
what are some potential impacts of aging on the cardiovascular system?
* hypertension * atherosclerosis * congestive heart failure
51
most common ways to measure health
* mortality rate * morbidity rate * self-rated health
52
what is the leading cause of death in Canada?
chronic diseases
53
compression of morbidity theory
increased lifespan will not lead to increased disability and healthcare use because of a compression of morbidity in the last years of life
54
4 key social determinants of health
* lower SES * social support * gender * ethnicity
55
2 most common types of dementia
1. Alzheimer's 2. vascular dementia
56
trait theory
everyone has most personality traits to some degree (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness)
57
Erikson's theory of identity development
over the life course, there are 8 developmental stages characterized by a series of opposing dilemmas
58
Levinson's transitions through adulthood
builds on Erikson's theory and attempts to fill the gaps that occur during adulthood, and differentiates between the paths experienced by men and women
59
theory of intergenerational solidarity
attempts to explain how supportive relationships and living arrangements change over time: 1. children live with parents 2. period of separation 3. health/economic needs of parents determine living arrangements
60
what are 2 theories on why elder abuse occurs?
* stressed caregiver hypothesis - the abuser is likely to be an underappreciated and overworked caregiver * learned violence hypothesis - abusers usually have been abused in the past
61
ecological model of aging
behaviour and well-being are a function of the fit between the person and the environment
62
theoretical model of residential normalcy
defines residential normalcy for older adults as places where they experience overall pleasurable, hassle-free, and memorable feelings that have relevance to them
63
types of supportive housing
* board/care homes - supportive living arrangements for people who cannot live on their own * assisted living facilities - provide support services and some personal/medical care for older adults * continuing care retirement communities - provide a continuum of housing/care options for older adults * independent living communities - offer amenities similar to other CCRCs but also activities aimed at younger, healthier residents
64
1984 Canadian Health Act
established the publicly-funded national health insurance program we have today

GERO 300 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions