Final Flashcards

Question

What is a critical assessment one could make of Nietzsche’s Death of God argument?

Answer 1

Although Nietzsche was no friend to Christianity, he is onto something here and can even be considered an ally in this area We can’t just throw out philosophy because so many philosophers have rejected Truth, Morality, and God Himself This is the ultimate end of the consistent atheist

Answer 2

“Existence precedes essence”

Answer 3

What Sartre means: “As human beings, we don’t have the conceptual beginning that a tool has; without God, we are unlike the types of things that we create: we create ourselves; there is no preconceived definition of man: we become what we want” Implications: “Man never really gains essence because he is constantly moulding himself; since we are perpetually flung into the future, we never get an opportunity to look back and say ‘This is what man is’

Answer 4

Locke and Leibniz foreshadowed an important distinction between analytic and synthetic; however, the current terminology comes from Kant “An analytic statement is one in which the predicate is contained in the concept of the subject. A synthetic statement is one in which the predicate is not contained in the concept of the subject” “An analytic statement cannot be denied without self-contradiction; a synthetic statement can”

Answer 5

The art of argumentation, reasoning, and disputation In ancient Greece, this was a sort of disputational game consisting of “yes” or “no” questions The art of discourse by which a proposition is either established or refuted Hegel: “a process which brings forth an opposition, between a thesis and antithesis, which has within it an urge to be resolved by a synthesis, a combination in which the conflicting elements are preserved and somehow reconciled” (being and non-being come together to create becoming). “Every synthesis will in turn bring forth a new opposite, and so on”

Answer 6

“Bad things happen to people, and people do bad things. These two are typically called physical (or natural) evil and moral evil, respectively” Another form of evil is “a disproportion between virtue and happiness, vice and misery: an evil exemplified when the wicked prosper and good people meet a grim fate”

Answer 7

“A common-sense view that what happens in one’s mind can affect one’s body, and vice versa.” Typically used when speaking of Descartes’s dualism between mind and body

Answer 8

Leibniz: A simple, indivisible substance Ultimately real, yet immaterial, indivisible, and infinite Each one is utterly unique Cannot interact with one another

Answer 9

“An object of reason;” “an object of awareness not produced by sensory experience” Since all of our experiences are sensory, we can never attain noumenal knowledge

Answer 10

“A thing (a quality, a relation, a state of affairs, an event, etc.) as it appears to us, as it is perceived. Phenomena, appearances, data, etc. are implicitly contracted with the way things really are. This contrast gives rise to one of the fundamental problems of philosophy: whether or how far we can have knowledge of the way things really are” Kant: involves sense-experience

Answer 11

Locke: Primary Qualities: “Qualities which inhere in an external object” (solidity, shape, extension, motion, rest, and number) Secondary Qualities: “the powers in objects to affect our senses, to produce experiences of sensory qualities (colour, sound, etc.). In other authors secondary qualities are identified with the directly experienced sensory qualities”

Answer 12

Nietzsche: A replacing of the contrast between good and bad (non-moral) with good and evil (moral) by the unhealthy/downtrodden in order to justify contempt for the healthy and powerful. The healthy and powerful are deemed evil oppressors and the weak are regarded as victims of injustice. Nietzsche claims that this is the heart of Christianity and Judaism and why they must pass away

Final Flashcards

(36 cards)