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neuro final > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

lec 20

What are the 2 layers of the RETINA

A

Neural and Pigmented

light hits NEURAL layer before PIGMENTED

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2
Q

lec 20

end point of neural retina =

A

ORA SERRATA

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3
Q

lec 20

depressed area within macula

A

FOVEA CENTRALIS

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4
Q

lec 20 development of eye

  1. ____ buds out (diencephalon)
A

Neural Tube

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5
Q

lec 20 development of eye

  1. What folds onto itself to form the optic cup
A

Optic Vesicle

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6
Q

lec 20 Development of eye

  1. The optic is made up of how many layers:
  2. what are the layers and what is the space in between
A

2 layers
Neural and Pigmented
Intraretinal Space

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7
Q

Lec 20 DEvelopment of Eye

  1. What part of the ectoderm attempts to insert itself into the optic cup
A

LENS PLACCODE

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8
Q

Lec 20 Development of eye

What happens if the optic cup doesnt close entirely

A

COLOBOMA

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9
Q

lec 20

light passes all cells and then strikes what?

A

Photorecptors
RODS and CONES

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10
Q

lec 20 pathway of light transmission

Once the light strikes the PHOTORECPTORS, where is the signal sent next and then where??

A

BIPOLAR CELLS and then GANGLION Cells

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11
Q

lec 20

Once the bipolar cell transmits to the ganglion cell, the Ganglion cell axons combine and travel towards what?

A

OPTIC Disc and NERVE

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12
Q

lec 20

What direction does light travel
What direction does signl travel

A

LIGHT DOWN
SIGNAL UP

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13
Q

lec 20

What area has the highest concentration of CONE RECEPTORS

A

FOVEA CENTRALIS and Macula Lutea

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14
Q

lec 20

Is the fovea AVASCULAR?

A

YES

oxygen diffuses via CHOROID

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15
Q

Lec 20

Why is the optic disc considered a BLIND SPOT

A

There are NO PHOTORECEPTORS
Contains acons of ganglion cells

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16
Q

lec 20

increased intraocular pressure =

A

CUPPING

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17
Q

lec 20

INC CNS pressure =

A

Papilledema

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18
Q

lec 20

Retinal detachment occurs where

A

Between NEURAL and PIGMENTED layers WITHIN the RETINA itself

not being detached from choroid

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19
Q

lec 20

TEMPORAL Field =

A

Nasal Hemiretina

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20
Q

lec 20

NASAL Field =

A

TEMPORAL Hemiretina

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21
Q

lec 20

Superior Field =

A

Inferior Hemiretina

Inferior Field = Superior Hemiretina

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22
Q

lec 20

inferior visual processing =

A

CUNEUS

23
Q

lec 20

superior visual proc

A

Lingual Gyrus

24
Q

lec 20

the CUNEIS and LINGUAL GYRUS are seperated by

A

CALCARINE FIssure

25
Q

20/21

site where axons enter the eye and enter the optic nerve

A

OPTIC DISC

26
Q

20/21

retinal layer with photoreceptors , other neurons, and glia in multiple layers

A

NEURAL retina

27
Q

20/21

retinal layer is a single layer of cuboidal cells attached to the choroid

A

PIGMENT epithelium

28
Q

20/21

the retina and optic nerve develop from what?

A

NEURAL Tube

29
Q

20/21

outpocketings from neural tube (forebrain) grow laterally towards the surface and induce surface ectoderm to thicken and form lens placode (future lens)

A

Optic Vesicles

30
Q

20/21

The outer layer of optic cup =
inner layer =

A

Outer = retinal PIGMENT
Inner = NEURAL retina

31
Q

20/21

Photoreceptors –> ____?___ –> Ganglion Cells

A

photoreceptors –> BIPOLAR –> GANGLION cells

32
Q

20/21

main supporting cell of the retina

A

MULLER Cells = type of glial cell

33
Q

20/21

What supplies the primary visual cortex and the base of the temporal and occipital lobes

A

POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY

34
Q

20/21

Damage to the primary visual cortex results in what?

A

Macular Vision Loss =
CENTRAL SCOTOMA

35
Q

20/21

Occlusion of the PCA results in what?

A

homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing due to collateral branches of the middle cerebral artery

36
Q

20/21

Pituitary Adenoma places pressure on the optic chiasm resulting in what?

A

Bilateral Hemianopsia

Loss of vission outer half

37
Q

lec 2021

What artery gives rise to capillaties IN the retina which provides oxygen and nutrients to the cells in the inner layers of the retina

A

Branches of the Central retinal artery

38
Q

20/21

What forms the inner blood retinal barrier

A

TIGHT Junctions

39
Q

20/21

Because the optic nerve is mylineated by oligodendrocytes, it is frequently famaged in what condition,

often presents early in the disease as optic neuritis

A

MS

40
Q

20/21

Detached Retina seperates what from the neural retina at the layer of rods and cones

A

Retinal pigment epithelium

41
Q

20/21

crossing of nasal retinal fibers to contralateral optic tract

A

Optic Chiasm

42
Q

20/21

fibers from the IPSILATERAL Temporal retina and CONTRALATERAL Nasal Retina =

A

OPTIC TRACT

43
Q

20/21

What lobe connects to the lingual gyrus

A

Temporal Lobe visual radiations (Meyers Loop)

Superior Visual Fields

44
Q

20/21

What lobe connects the cuneus

A

Parietal Lobe visual Radiations

Inferior Visual Fields

45
Q

20/21

Defect of vision =

A

ANOPIA

46
Q

20/21

Defect of vision of a half of an eyes visual field =

A

HEMIANOPIA

47
Q

20/21

Lesions in the eye, retina, or optic nerve can cause impaired vision in the visual field of …

A

ONE EYE

48
Q

20/21

lesions in the optic chiasm, optic tract, or ffuther along the pathway can cause impaired vision in …

A

BOTH Eyes

49
Q

20/21

Damage to the back of the primary visual cortex results in loss of what vision

A

MACULAR vision

Bilateral Central Scotoma

50
Q

20/21

What supplies blood to the primary visual cortex

A

Posterior Cerebral Artery

Occlusion: homonymous hemianopia w/ macular sparing (Bilateral Central s

51
Q

20/21

What is classically associated with pituatary tumors causing the pituatary gland to compress the optic chiasm

A

BITERMPORAL HEMIANOPIA

52
Q

20/21

Lesion in the lingual gyrus of the temporal lobe results in

A

Right Superior Quadrantopia

53
Q

20/21

Lesion in the cuneus in parietal lobe results in

A

Right inferior homonymous quadrantanopia

54
Q
A

neuro final (6 decks)

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