Final

Question 1

Compact Bone

Answer 1

Hard bone on the outside

Question 2

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 2

Genetic condition where bones do not develop correctly

Question 3

Positional Plagiocephaly

Answer 3

Caused by baby being placed in one position to long or muscle imbalances in the neck.
misshapen skull or flat spots on the head
can be fixed by using a shaping helmet

Question 4

Axial Skeleton

Answer 4

Stability
Vertebrae, Sternum, Ribs, Skull

Question 5

Scoliosis

Answer 5

Excessive side to side curvature of the spine
S curve

Question 6

Kyphosis

Answer 6

Excessive curve in the thoracic spine
Common in osteoporosis
hyperextension at the thoracic spine
head juts out
can impact wheelchair positioning
breathing is more difficult
decreases shoulder ROM

Question 7

Lordosis

Answer 7

Excessive curve in the lumbar spine

Question 8

laminectomy

Answer 8

removal of most of the lamina in a vertebra

Question 9

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 9

Mobility
Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges

Question 10

Appendicular Skeleton (inferior)

Answer 10

Pelvis, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges

Question 11

Osteomyelitis

Answer 11

Infection of bone

Question 12

Synovial Joints

Answer 12

promote mobility over stability

Question 13

Ligaments

Answer 13

Bone to bone

Question 14

Tendons

Answer 14

Bone to muscle

Question 15

Boutonniere Deformity

Answer 15

PIP Flexion DIP hyperextension

Question 16

Swan Neck Deformity

Answer 16

Flexion of the MCP
Hyperextension of the PIP
Flexion of the DIP

Question 17

Ulnar Drift

Answer 17

MCP’s drift toward the little finger

Question 18

Origin

Answer 18

Tends to be attached to the more Stationary Bone
Tends to be more proximal to the body

Question 19

Insertion

Answer 19

Tends to be more distal
Tends to be attached to a more moveable bone

Question 20

cerebellum

Answer 20

Little brain
Affects balance, posture, motor control,
vestibular function, muscle tone

Question 21

Myoparesis

Answer 21

Weakness or slight muscle paralysis

Question 22

Hemiparesis

Answer 22

Weakness or slight paralysis affecting one side of the body.

Question 23

Hemiplegia

Answer 23

Total paralysis affecting one side of the body

Question 24

Atonic

Answer 24

lacking normal muscle tone

Question 25

Dystonia

Answer 25

impairment of voluntary muscle movement

Question 26

Hypotonia

Answer 26

diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

Question 27

Hypertonia

Answer 27

Increased tone of the skeletal muscles

Question 28

Spasm

Answer 28

Sudden involuntary contraction of muscles

Question 29

Myoclonus

Answer 29

Involuntary jerking of muscles

Question 30

bradykinesia

Answer 30

Extreme slowness in movement

Question 31

Dyskinesia

Answer 31

Impairment of voluntary movement

Question 32

Hyperkinesia

Answer 32

Abnormal increased muscle function or activity

Question 33

Dysarthria

Answer 33

Abnormal use of muscles for speech and eating

Question 34

Ataxia

Answer 34

lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Question 35

Paraplegia

Answer 35

paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body

Question 36

Quadriplegia

Answer 36

Paralysis of all four extremities

Question 37

Irritability

Answer 37

ability of the muscle to respond to a stimulus

Question 38

Carpal Tunnel

Answer 38

cause by compression in the median nerve

Question 39

Golfers elbow

Answer 39

pain at the medial epicondyle of the elbow decreased strength with grasp

Question 40

Tennis Elbow

Answer 40

Lateral epicondylitis pain at lateral epicondyle decreased strength with grasp

Question 41

Shin Splint

Answer 41

injury when the muscle tears away from the tibia

Question 42

De Quervain's

Answer 42

tendons on the thumb side of the wrist

Question 43

Involves only the epidermal layers of the skin * Redness and pain * Dry and doesn’t form blisters * Sunburn * Heals 3-6 days * Does not cause residual scarring

Answer 43

Superficial Burn (1st Degree)

Question 44

Destroys epidermal layer and extends down into the dermal layer * Some portion of the dermis remains * Large thick walled blisters * Deep red to waxy white * Moist to touch * Generally heals in 7-20 days * Leaves scar

Answer 44

Partial Thickness Burn (2nd Degree)

Question 45

Destroys entire epidermal and dermal layers and extends down into subcutaneous fat * Charred black, cherry red, tan or pearly white * Dry and leathery hard * Scar and risk of contracture

Answer 45

Full Thickness Burn (3rd Degree)

Question 46

Flames  Steam  Hot liquids  Hot metals  Electricity  Radiation  Toxic chemicals  Extreme cold

Answer 46

Thermal Burn

Question 47

 Used for wounds requiring 3 or more weeks to heal  Reduces the hospital length of stay, pain, and complications from scarring  Eschar is removed, and the graft is applied

Answer 47

Skin Grafting

Question 48

No Sensation

Answer 48

Anesthesia

Question 49

– Nonblanchable erythema usually over bony prominences or other pressure areas – Color changes may not be detectable on darker pigmented skin – Warmth, tenderness, redness, texture changes – Probably won’t be ulcerated unless action to relieve is not taken

Answer 49

Stage 1 Pressure Injury (ulcer)

Question 50

– Loss of skin – Blisters or open area – Subcutaneous tissue – Shallow – Reddish – May have slight drainage

Answer 50

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

Question 51

– Full-thickness skin loss down to subcutaneous fat or fascia

Answer 51

stage 3 pressure ulcer

Question 52

– Full thickness skin loss with exposure of bone

Answer 52

stage 4 pressure ulcer

Question 53

* Bacterial infection of the skin * Face and lower leg most common

Answer 53

cellulitis

Question 54

* Related to inflammation in a closed area.... Includes skin and connective tissue * Can occur following trauma to a body area with large bruise/hematoma * Surgical intervention usually results in a large open wound that heals slowly * Inflammation management, pain management and wound healing become part of the OT process

Answer 54

compartment syndrome

Question 55

* Has an autoimmune component * Flaky, dry, itchy, thickened skin * Can have Psoriatic arthritis involvement * Scratching can result in open areas

Answer 55

psoriasis

Question 97

* Swelling or puffiness in the arm or hand * Bluish discoloration of the hand * Feeling of heaviness in the arm or hand * Easily fatigued arms and hands * Superficial vein distention in the hand * Muscle weakness * Difficulty with fine motor tasks of the hand * Pain in the arm and hand * Tingling and numbness in the neck, shoulder region and arm *

Answer 97

symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 98

Group of disorders * Compression of the nerves or blood vessels * Most often caused by poor or strenuous posture * assembly line workers, cash register operator * Carrying heavy loads, briefcases and shoulder bags * Occupations which require repetitive over head arm movements can also produce symptoms of compression

Answer 98

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome