Final

Question 1

Kenya. War in 1950s

Answer 1

Mau Mau war

Question 2

The Mau Mau Rebels begin with…

Answer 2

the killing of a white settler in 1952

Question 3

Operation Jock Scott Oct 1952 and Operation Anvil 1954

Answer 3

both in Nairobi, swept through the city stopping all Africans to see if they are with the Mau Mau

Question 4

Portugal’s dictator that didn’t want to end colonization

Answer 4

Antonio Salazar (1932-68) and Marcello Caetano (1968-74),

Question 5

Mozambique War start

Answer 5

1960 with the Mueda Massacre (500 killed by Portuguese forces)

Question 6

Mueda Massacre inspired X

Answer 6

FRELIMO led by Eduardo Mondlane and then by Samora Machel backed by USSR

Question 7

FRELIMO used X as a staging area and war became a X war

Answer 7

Recently independent Tanzania and conventional war

Question 8

Angola War began with…

Answer 8

a rural rebellion in northern Angola

Question 9

First Angolan rebel faction

Answer 9

FNLA (1961), led by Holden Roberto, based in the North and popular among the Bakongo ethnic group

Question 10

FNLA staging country and backer

Answer 10

Congo/Zaire and US (initially)

Question 11

Second Angolan rebel faction

Answer 11

MPLA (1963), led by Agostino Neto, based in Luanda

Question 12

MPLA staging country and backer

Answer 12

Zambia and USSR

Question 13

Third Angolan rebel faction

Answer 13

UNITA (1966), led by Jonas Savimbi, based in the South among the Ovimbundu ethnic group

Question 14

UNITA staging country and backer

Answer 14

Kicked out of Zambia, started with China and then switched to US during Civil War

Question 15

Guinea-Bissau rebel movement

Answer 15

PAIGC (1956), led by Amilcar Cabral

Question 16

PAIGC backers

Answer 16

Rep. of Guinea, Cuba (Castro), USSR, Senegal (1966) and Nigeria (1970)

Question 17

Caetano was overthrown in 1974 by the military. Tried to create a regime under Antonio de Spinola, but that didn’t work. When the new democratic nation came in, they gave independence to all the African nations in 1975

Answer 17

Carnation Revolution 1974

Question 18

First major Cango political party

Answer 18

ABAKO, led by Joseph Kasavubu, wanted to reunite Bakongo across different Arican countries, based in Leopoldville.

Question 19

Second major Congo political party

Answer 19

MNC, led by Patrice Lumumba, based in Stanleyville, wanted Congo do be a coherent independent state

Question 20

Third major Cango poltical party

Answer 20

CONAKAT, led by Moise Tshombe, based in Katanga, wanted Katanga to be its own country, pro-western and anti-communist

Question 21

Fourth major Congo Political party

Answer 21

South Kasai, led by Albert Kalonji, similar motives to CONAKAT

Question 22

First President of Congo

Answer 22

Joseph Kasavubu

Question 23

First PM of Congo

Answer 23

Patrice Lumumba

Question 24

Near collapse of Congo gave an opportunity to X

Answer 24

Katanga Secession (1960-63).

Question 25

Katanga Secession (1960-63).

Answer 25

UN force (ONUC) called in, crushed in 1963. Followout from Congo independence.

Question 26

Rebellion in the East (1964-67)

Answer 26

Rebels were supporters of Lumumba and backed by USSR and China. Crushed by American and Francophone forces. Gave rise to Mobutu.

Question 27

Mobutu coup in X

Answer 27

1965

Question 28

The Nigerian Civil War (1967-70)

Answer 28

The Southeast of Nigeria, Biafra, is what tried to break away. The resources here were the oil industry.

Question 29

Nigerian government backed by X

Answer 29

UK and USSR

Question 30

First PM of Nigeria

Answer 30

Abubakar Balewa (Northern People's Congress)

Question 31

Five Majors Coup

Answer 31

led by Kaduna Nzeugwu in Jan 1966. Not very successful, so they had power over to Major Gen. Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi through complex events. They killed a lot of politicians, but not the Igbo president, even further seen as an ethnic coup. In May 1966 they abolished federalism. Once this happens, all the other regions are not happy, especially the Northerners

Question 32

Counter-coup in July 1966

Answer 32

Northern Officers do it, They immediately reinstate federalism, which led to Biafra succession in 1967

Question 33

Original Zimbabwe Nationalist movement

Answer 33

ZAPU, led by Joshua Nkomo, because it had to fight it was more radical than political movements

Question 34

Second Zimbabwe movement

Answer 34

Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA), ZANU army, focused on Shona ethnic groups, supported by Chinese Communists, adopted a Maoist strategy (guerilla warfare) in Eastern Zimbabwe (out of Mozambique)

Question 35

First Namibia independence movement

Answer 35

South West African National Union SWANU, a movement more devoted to peaceful protests. It didn’t really survive past the 50s because of that

Question 36

Second Namibia independence movement

Answer 36

South West African Peoples Organization SWAPO, they created People Liberation Army of Namibia PLAN in 1962

Question 37

SWAPO host country and backer

Answer 37

Zambia, Tanzania, and USSR (later MPLA)

Question 38

Area of SWA/Namibia where fighting was

Answer 38

Ovamboland

Question 39

MPLA military

Answer 39

FAPLA

Question 40

Uganda dictator from 1971

Answer 40

Idi Amin

Question 41

Kagera War 1978-79

Answer 41

Tanzania-Uganda war, started by Amin, Tanzania won easily throwing Amin out of power

Question 42

Ugandan exiles fighting on Tanzanian side, eventually Ugandan military

Answer 42

UNLA

Question 43

Leader before and after Amin

Answer 43

Obote

Question 44

Side and leader that defeated Obote and UNLA in Uganda

Answer 44

Yoweri Museveni and National Resistance Association (NRA)

Question 45

Former Obote regime that continued fighting

Answer 45

Ugandan Peoples Democratic Army UPDA

Question 46

Crazy Christian lady and her "force"

Answer 46

Holy Spirit Movement and Holy Spirit Mobile force HSMF, led by Alice Auma (Lakwena)

Question 47

More famous Christian cult leader and army

Answer 47

Lord Resistance Movement/Amry LRA, led by Joseph Kony

Question 48

Emperor of Ethiopia up to 1974

Answer 48

Haile Selassie

Question 49

Ethiopia coup led by X

Answer 49

Mariam Mengistu, USSR backed

Question 50

Dictator of Somalia until 1991

Answer 50

Siad Barre

Question 51

X-Somalism

Answer 51

Pansomalism, Somali people in Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya

Question 52

War between Ethiopia and Somalia

Answer 52

Ogaden War (77-78)

Question 53

First rebel force in Ethiopia

Answer 53

Eritrean Liberation Front ELF. This first movement was more of a Islamic one, backed by Arab nations

Question 54

Second rebel force in Ethiopia

Answer 54

Eritrean Peoples Liberation Front, more of a Christian movement

Question 55

Battle of Afabet

Answer 55

the Ethiopians are trapped by the Eritreans and they lose 18k troops, 50 tanks, 100 trucks, 60 artillery pieces, and more

Question 56

Third rebels in Ethiopia

Answer 56

Tigray, didn’t start as a independence movement, they just wanted to be Christian and stop with the communism

Question 57

Tigray force

Answer 57

Tigray People’s Liberations Front TPLF, struggled to turn themselves into a conventional army, more of a guerilla

Question 58

Addis Ababa falls in X to X

Answer 58

1991 to TPLF and EPLF, Eritrea gets independence

Question 59

Congo/Zaire Dictator

Answer 59

Mobuto Sese Seko (Joseph Mobutu)

Question 60

Leader of Rwanda

Answer 60

Kagame

Question 61

Leader of Uganda

Answer 61

Museveni

Question 62

The guy put in control after Mobutu

Answer 62

Laurent Kabila

Question 63

Pro-Kabila side

Answer 63

Congo military (small and just reformed) and Southern African Development Committee (SADC) that included Zimbabwe, Angola, and Namibia

Question 64

Anti-Kabila side

Answer 64

Rwanda, Uganda, and Burundi

Question 65

Leader of Biafra movement

Answer 65

Lt. Col. Ojukwu