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U.S History > Final 150 > Flashcards

Final 150 Flashcards

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1
Q

Election of 1800

A

~John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson
~decided by House of representatives because of the same electoral votes
~ 12th amendment passed
Jefferson won

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2
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

France sells territory for 15 million
Doubles size of US
Federalists threatened to secede from Union over this purchase, weakened power

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3
Q

Lewis and Clark Expedition

A

Explored Louisiana area(new land) and found resources
Peaceful mission with Sacajawea
Followed Missouri River to Pacific Ocean
Inspired others to go west

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4
Q

Impressment and the attack of the Chesapeake

A

Impressment is the act of forcing Americans to serve in British navy
US ship the Chesapeake was intercepted by a British vessel searching for protesters
Captain refused and was attacked
America cuts trade off with GB with embargo act: cuts off all trade, but hurts economy
- cause of war of 1812

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5
Q

War Hawks from the War of 1812

A

People who pushed for war : Henry clay and John C Calhoun

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6
Q

War of 1812 – DC burned, Fort McHenry, Battle of New Orleans

A

DC burned-British burned White House, library of congress, Capitol

Fort McHenry- fort at the entrance of Baltimore harbor, British attacked, Francis Scott key wrote star spangled banner

Battle of New Orleans- took place after peace treaty was signed, made Andrew Jackson famous, US won

War of 1812 causes US to gain respect and build national identity

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7
Q

The Star Spangled Banner

A

Wrote during war of 1812 at fort McHenry by Francis Scott key

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8
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A

Important part of American foreign policy instantly
Western Hemisphere no longer open to colonization
US regarded any interference as a threat to its security
Due to Latin Americans gaining independence

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9
Q

Irish Potato Famine’s relationship to Immigration

A

Largest group of immigrants was from Ireland

Brought on by potato famine

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10
Q

Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s convention

A

First Seneca falls convention about women’s rights was led by Elizabeth candy Stanton
19th amendment helped women’s suffrage
Led with Lucretia Mott who publicly fought with her

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11
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Change from agrarian society to industry

Began in New England

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12
Q

Capitalism

A

Individuals put their Capitol(money used for investment) into a business in hopes of making a profit

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13
Q

Free Enterprise System/ Free market system

A

People are free to buy,sell,and produce what they want and can work where they wish

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14
Q

Supply and Demand

A

Determines free enterprise system

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15
Q

Number One Crop in the South in the 1800’s

A

Cotton

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16
Q

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin – what it did and why that was important

A

Separates seeds from the cotton

Increased slavery, because of the need to pick cotton for the machine and farmers grew more

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17
Q

Urban vs Rural

A

Urban- city

Rural - country

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18
Q

Wilderness Road

A

Route to Kentucky from the Atlantic coast

Aided early exploration of TN by making passing through mountains easier

Caused more settlement

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19
Q

Daniel Boone

A

Blazed wilderness trail with 30 other foresters

Long hunter, American explorer

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20
Q

Cumberland Gap

A

Allowed for a path that made passing through the Appalachian mountains easier

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21
Q

The Corrupt Bargain

A

Speaker of the house, Henry clay, meets from John Quincy Adams and agrees to use his influence to help Adams get the vote in the House of Representatives, he wins

During election of 1824

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22
Q

Andrew Jackson – spoils system, fight with the bank

A

Spoils system- replacing government employees with the winning candidates supporters
Bank- Jackson killed the bank by withdrawing all federal funds from the national bank and placing them in state banks. He succeeded. Put nation in depression

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23
Q

Indian Removal Act

A

Relocates Native Americans to modern day Oklahoma

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24
Q

Trail of Tears

A

Relocation of Cherokee from Georgia to Oklahoma

Winford Scott removed them

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25
Sequoyah
Created written Cherokee language, most famous Cherokee in the 1800's
26
William Henry Harrison’s Presidency
9th president Tippecanoe and Tyler too Inauguration speech lasted over 2 hours Shortest presidency-32 days, died of pneumonia
27
Manifest Destiny
Belief that America should extend its boundaries all the way to the Pacific Ocean, west
28
Texas Rebellion
Texas wanted its independence. Travis' Texans beat Santa Anna's Mexican troops at the battle of the Alamo Became the lone star republic
29
The Alamo – battle significance
The defenders of the Alamo bought the Texans some much needed time
30
Davy Crockett
Backwoods man from TN who volunteered to fight at the Alamo
31
Oregon Trail
Trail used by settlers migrating to the Pacific Northwest
32
James K Polk- president that fulfilled what?
Manifest destiny
33
Mexican war-boarder dispute, Mexican cession
Mexico believed the boarder was the nueces river . U.S believed it was the rio grande river . Mexican cession ceded California and New Mexico and in return the US gave Mexico 15 million 🤑💸
34
John Sutter and the California gold rush
He was the first to discover a gold nugget in California. The California gold rush more than doubled the worlds supply of gold. It didn't last very long, but had huge effects on California's economy.
35
Brigham young
Led a Mormon migration to the Great Salt Lake area of Utah so they could practice their religion safely
36
The Missouri compromise of 1820
The compromise was to have Missouri enter as a slave state and Maine enter as a free state
37
John brown
Violent abolitionist who believed that God had chosen him to end slavery
38
Harriet Tubman
Most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad
39
Underground Railroad
A network of escape routes out of the south for enslaved people
40
Frederick Douglass
Most well known abolitionist who became a powerful speaker and edited a newspaper called "the northstar"
41
Harriet Beecher Stowe's - Uncle Tom's cabin
A novel that explores the issue of slavery
42
Fugitive slave act
Required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves in 1850. Anyone who aided a fugitive slave could be fined or imprisoned
43
Kansas-Nebraska act
Increased the amount of territory open to slaveholding in the US, Kansas and Nebraska could decide to be a slave state or free state
44
Bleeding Kansas
Kansas was the first territory to shed blood over the issue of slavery
45
Summer-brooks incident
Senator Charles summer lashed out against those for slavery including Andrew P. Butler. Rep. Preston brooks hit sumner with a cane
46
Read on Harper's Ferry
John brown led 18 men to attack a weapon storage facility. He hoped to start a rebellion against slave owners by arming slaves, but he was quickly defeated.
47
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Scott believed he should be free because he once lived in free soil. He lost the court case because Taney said he had no rights. This court case divided the nation even more. 🙈
48
Lincoln-Douglas debates- house divided speech
"A house divided against itself cannot stand"- Lincoln
49
Election of 1860
Lincoln becomes the 16th president
50
Causes of the civil war
He issue over slavery. States rights, Lincoln's election , and the attack on fort sumner
51
Fort sumner
Confederate guns opened fire on fort sumner Marked the beginning of the civil war
52
Ulysses S. Grant
General of the North/Union
53
Robert E Lee
General for the south/confederate
54
Stonewall Jackson
Considered one of the most gifted tactical commanders in US history
55
First battle of bull run
The first major battle of the Civil War | Fought near the town of Manassas junction and a river named bull run
56
Anaconda plan
Union war plan to defeat the south by dividing them in two
57
54 Massachusetts
Most well known African American regiment
58
The battle of Gettysburg
Union forces are greatly outnumbered and forced to retreat
59
The battle of Vicksburg
Another Union victory that is considered the turning point of the war
60
Sherman's March to the sea
Burned Atlanta and then marched towards Savannah, Georgia
61
Lee surrendering to grant
Surrendered in a town called Appomattox court house. The terms of surrender were very forgiving
62
13th amendment
Abolished slavery in 1865
63
14th amendment
Gave full citizenship to anyone born in the US
64
15th amendment
Gave African American men the right to vote
65
Lincoln assassination-theater name, murderer, place of death
Theater- ford's theater Murderer- John Wilkes booth Place- Peterson house
66
10 percent plan and radical republican plans for reconstruction
10 percent plan (Lincoln) was forgiving on the south | Radical republicans wanted a harsher readmission process
67
Freeman's burea
Agency that helped A-As make a transition to freedom
68
Segregation
Separation of races
69
Jim Crow laws
Laws that require African Americans and whites to be separated in almost every public place
70
Ku klux klan
The largest anti African American terrorist organization in the south

U.S History (11 decks)

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