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8th History > Final 150 Pt. 1 > Flashcards

Final 150 Pt. 1 Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

Fertile land

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

A joint-stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Easy to defend

No farmland

Didn’t have enough food

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4
Q

John Smith

A

First governor of Jamestown

Forced people to work

When he left England, Jamestown suffered

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Saved John Smith

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Married Pocahontas

Learn how to grow certain type of tobacco, and sold the first crop in 1816

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Allowed Virginia to grow

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led people to Jamestown and set it on fire

Nathaniel Bacon

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Pilgrims planned to go to New York but instead landed in Plymouth

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists that came to the colonies for religious freedom

Came to America on the mayflower in 1620

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship pilgrims came to America on

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A document that provided the laws and helped developed government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

Led the pilgrims for over 30 years

Most famous for writing Of Plymouth Plantations

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Showed pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and squash!!!!

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted to reform

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

John Winthrop was the groups governor

Puritans believed in a form of theocracy

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of the mass bay colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Taken to trial over disagreeing with puritans

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and procedures of people accused of witchcraft

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20
Q

William Penn

A

A Quaker that wrote their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Very tolerant of other’s religions

They were pacifists- people who refuse to fight in wars

Positive treatment towards women

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refused to fight in wars

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia

First governor

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival that swept through the colonies

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25
Triangular Trade
A system where slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the colonies
26
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Albany Plan of Union- called for 1 government for the 13 colonies Designed to help the colonies defend themselves from the French Join or Die- first political cartoon Poor Richards almanack- written by Benjamin Franklin
27
John Peter Zenger Trial
John Peter Zenger accused the governor of New York of corruption in the New York weekly journal
28
Cause of French and Indian War
Wanted to control fur trade
29
Proclamation of 1763
Halted western expansion by settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains
30
The Sugar Act
Lowered taxes on Molasses to try and stop people from smuggling
31
The Stamp Act
Place a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies
32
The Boston Massacre
A fight between townspeople and British soldiers 5 people died in the Boston massacre
33
The Boston Tea Party
A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty board on East India Trading Compony ship and destroy tea by throwing it in the Boston harbor
34
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Wanted to punish citizens of Boston by closing down the harbor
35
Patrick Henry
" I am not a Virginian, but an American"
36
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams- founded the sons of liberty Sons of liberty- a secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists
37
John Hancock
A well known protest leader
38
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Called for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain
39
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
1176, Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson, The purpose was to explain why the colonies chose to form a new nation
40
Cause of American Revolutionary War
The war for independence
41
Loyalists
Colonists still loyal to Great Britain
42
Patriots
Fought on their own land
43
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Lexington- minutemen fired "the shot heard around the world" Concord- .....
44
Battle of Saratoga
Turning point of the war
45
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing, or shelter for Washington and his troops
46
Battle of Yorktown
Last major battle of the American Revolution
47
Benedict Arnold
Hero of the battle of Saratoga
48
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
Hessions?
49
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind
50
Friedrich von Steuben
Drilled the troops at Valley forge
51
Francis Marion
Swamp Fox Helped patriots defend the south
52
guerrilla warfare
A hit and run war technique
53
Treaty of Paris 1783
Ended the American revolution
54
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio river and East of the Mississippi River
55
Articles of Confederation
The first constitution Each state had one vote in congress Unsuccessful because the government in provided was not strong enough to handle all of the problems in the country
56
Shays’ Rebellion
An uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the governments taxes Revealed the need for a stronger government
57
The Great Compromise
Established the model for congress used to this day One part was based on population, and one part was based on equality
58
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person
59
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison, it is the supreme law of the land, 1776
60
Bill of Rights
1st 10 amendments to the constitution Created to limit the power of the government and to protect the rights of individuals
61
1 | st Amendment
Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, press, and petition the government
62
2 | nd Amendment
Right to bear arms and for states to be able to maintain a militia
63
4 | th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
64
5 | th Amendment
Natural rights cannot be deprived without due process of law
65
6 | th Amendment
You have the right to a speedy, public, trial by an impartial jury
66
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislative- makes the laws Executive- carries out laws Judicial- interprets laws and declares laws or presidential acts unconstitutional
67
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
68
Alexander Hamilton
Washingtons secretary of treasury Attempts to strengthen the nations economy
69
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien acts- allowed president to deport aliens Sedition acts- a crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
70
John Sevier
.......
71
Natchez Trace
........
72
Marbury v Madison
The landmark court case that established judicial review
73
Judicial review
Court can nullify actions of other branches
74
McCulloch v Maryland
Supreme Court case over states rights

8th History (16 decks)

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