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Final 150 Test Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire land and spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The Joint stock company established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

A central town created due to being easily defended and to find gold

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4
Q

John Smith

A

Governor of Jamestown for the 1st year, forced settlers to work and explore

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

An Indian woman who married John Rolfe and saved John Smith’s life

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

He learned to grow and sell in 1641 in England and married chief Powhatan’ daughter Pocahontas

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

The main crop of Jamestown

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led people to overthrow Jamestown government. These showed how the settlers were not not content with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The pilgrims led this. In first winter about 50% died and then in the spring they met Squanto and Samoset

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Came to America on the Mayflower in September 1620

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

Pilgrims traveled on this in 1620

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A set of articles the pilgrims followed at Plymouth

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

He lead the pilgrims for about 30 years and created Thanksgiving

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Two native Americans who taught the pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and squash so they could survive

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protesters who wanted to reform, monotheistic, and form Massachusetts bay colony

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Formed by Puritan group and created to be like the Bible

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor and leader of the Puritans

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Two people that disagreed with the Puritans beliefs and were taken to trial and eventually formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of trials of people being falsely accused of witchcraft where many were killed

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20
Q

William Penn

A

A Quaker who founded Pennsylvania and wrote their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A

A group of pacifists(refusal to fight), tolerant, slavery was wrong, monotheistic, and everyone was equal

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People to refuse to fight in war or use force(Quakers were this)

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia was this. Buffer between the stronger English and Spanish colonies. Allowed English debtors and lower class people got a new place to start

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival that swept the colonies, The belief grows due to in God’s eyes all people are equal

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25
Triangular Trade
System of slaves, crops, and manufactured goods between America, the Caribbean, and Africa
26
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Ben Franklin started these All used to spark independence in the colonists. The Almanack was a collection of witty sayings. The Albany Plan of Union was created to start a general government for the 13 colonies. The Join or Die flag was used to represent how the colonies need to be united for independence.
27
John Peter Zenger Trial
Zenger accused the governor of New York of corruption and the court ruled Zenger not guilty this sparked the freedom of the press
28
Cause of French and Indian War
They would fight over land on the Ohio River Valley, and land to control fur trade
29
Proclamation of 1763
Great Britain signed this proclamation to halt western expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian
30
The Sugar Act
An act British officers that allowed them to seize goods without a court trial
31
The Stamp Act
An act passed to tax almost all printed material in the colonies
32
The Boston Massacre
1770 a fight breaks out between towns people and British soldiers
33
The Boston Tea Party
1773-A group of colonists led this to spark independence in the colonists. They started a revolt in which they dumped British tea off the sides of boats as a sign of protest
34
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Harsh laws established to punish citizens as a reaction to the Tea Party
35
Patrick Henry
Famous delegate who said,"I am not a Virginian but an American"
36
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
A secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists to fight taxation
37
John Hancock
1st person to sign the Declaration of Independence
38
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Wrote this to represent taxation without representation
39
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
July 4th, 1776, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson, wrote this to declare that the colonies were separate from Britain
40
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Taxation of the colonies, and unfair laws regulating shipping
41
Loyalists
Colonists who were still loyal to the King, and 20% of colonists
42
Patriots
Home field advantage, Gorge Washington led
43
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The battle at which minutemen heard "The shot heard round world"
44
Battle of Saratoga
The turning point of the war, 5,700 soldiers surrendered, Benedict Arnold becomes hero, and France and Spain become allies of colonies
45
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of terrible suffering due to weather conditions
46
Battle of Yorktown
Last major battle in AR
47
Benedict Arnold
War hero who betrayed his side of the war
48
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
49
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed the future of America had a major influence on mankind
50
Friedrich von Steuben
Came to Valley Forge to train Washington's troops
51
Francis Marion
Swamp Fox, the father of the guerrilla war fair
52
guerrilla warfare
A hit and run war technique
53
Treaty of Paris 1783
Great Britain recognized the US as being an independent nation
54
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Dealt with Western expansion, related territory out of the lands north of the Ohio River
55
Articles of Confederation
In November 1777 americas first constitution was formed
56
Shays’ Rebellion
A rebellion held in Massachusetts farmers had to fight the governments taxes on poor farmers
57
The Great Compromise
Established the model for congress, one part population(Va), other equal among states(NJ)Ben Franklin created this
58
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person for representation
59
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison, 1787,one central government and supreme law of the land
60
Bill of Rights
First ten amendments to the constitution was created to limit power of government and protect rights of the people
61
1 | st Amendment
Freedom of Speech, religion, assembly, press, petition
62
2 | nd Amendment
The right to bear firearms
63
4 | th Amendment
Protects someone from unreasonable search or seizures without probable cause
64
5 | th Amendment
Natural rights can not be deprived without due process of law
65
6 | th Amendment
The right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury
66
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Executive-Carries out laws, Legislative- creates laws, Judicary- constitutional or not
67
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
68
Alexander Hamilton
First secretary of treasury
69
Alien and Sedition Acts
Allowed president to deport aliens and sedition were a crime to speak against the against the government to weaken it
70
John Sevier
First governor of TN
71
Natchez Trace
Part to allow farmers to grow more crops
72
Marbury v Madison
The landmark case that established judicial review
73
Judicial review
The court can nullify the actions of other branches
74
McCulloch v Maryland
Court case that consider states right and the court didn't want the states to have too much power

150 (2 decks)

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