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Question 1

What is substance use disorder? Give three different symptoms.

Answer 1

Substance use disorder (SUD) is known for people who struggle with drug use or even addiction.
- Withdraw from drug
- Mental/physical effects of the drug
- Drugs had caused legal problems for themselves like drunk driving

Question 2

What is a drug?

Answer 2

A chemical substance taken into the body

Question 3

What is behavior?

Answer 3

How a person acts

Question 4

Psychoactive drug

Answer 4

A substance that alters a person’s thoughts or emotional behavior

Question 5

Illicit drugs

Answer 5

Legal drugs under the US law

Question 6

Drug Dependence

Answer 6

compulsion to continue to use the drug

Question 7

Instrumental use

Answer 7

use of a drug for a cultural or socially legitimate reason

Question 8

Recreational use

Answer 8

use of drugs for enjoyment of drug effects

Question 9

Drug misuse

Answer 9

prescription or OTC drugs not used as directed

Question 10

Drug abuse

Answer 10

use of drugs that could cause physical, mental, and/or social impairment

Question 11

How do you measure drug use in the US?

Answer 11

Surveys

Question 12

Define ED50, LD50, and TI

Answer 12

-ED50 is the Effective Dose in which

Question 13

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 13

Responsible for voluntary movements and sensory feedback

Question 14

Automatic Nervous System

Answer 14

controls Involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion

Question 15

Sympathetic

Answer 15

part of the automatic nervous system responsible for the “fight or flight” response

Question 16

Parasympathetic

Answer 16

part of the automatic nervous system responsible for the rest and digest functions

Question 17

Brainstem

Answer 17

connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls basic life functions

Question 18

Medulla

Answer 18

Sub-component of brainstem that controls heart rate and breathing

Question 19

Pons

Answer 19

Sub-component of brainstem that controls sleep and arousal

Question 20

What happens in clinical trial phase 1?

Answer 20

Scientists determine the safety and efficiency of a new drug for treating a disease

Question 21

What happens in clinical trial phase 2?

Answer 21

Patients with a condition to be treated and to consider the efficacy and the dosage of the drug

Question 22

What happens in clinical trial phase 3?

Answer 22

Trails need FDA approval along with fine-tuning the dosages of the drug

Question 23

What happens in clinical trial phase 4?

Answer 23

Needs post-marketing surveillance and needs to consider the long-term or adverse effects along with drug interactions

Question 24

US Drug Control Schedule I?

Answer 24

-High abuse potential, no medical use, limited safety

-Heroin, Cannabis, MDMA, Psilocybin, LSD, Peyote, etc.

Question 25

US Drug Control Schedule II?

Answer 25

-High potential for abuse, accepted medical use, severe dependence -Cocaine, methamphetamine, morphine, oxycodone, methylphenidate, PCP, etc.

Question 26

US Drug Control Schedule III?

Answer 26

-Intermediate potential for abuse, accepted medical use, moderate dependence -Anabolic steroids, ketamine, codeine + NSAID, etc.

Question 27

US Drug Control Schedule IV?

Answer 27

-Low potential for abuse, accepted medical use, limited dependence -Benzodiazepines, modafinil, carisoprodol, etc.

Question 28

US Drug Control Schedule V?

Answer 28

-Minimal abuse potential, widespread medical use, limited dependence -Mixtures containing very small amounts of other scheduled drugs, etc.

Question 29

Intervention Level: Primary Prevention

Answer 29

Intervention efforts to prevent the onset of drug abuse in those who have not yet had much exposure (elementary-middle school)

Question 30

Intervention Level: Secondary Prevention

Answer 30

Intervention efforts to reduce drug abuse, limit the spread of drug use beyond currently encountered substances, and/or to teach responsible use of licit substance (i.e. alcohol) (high school-, college-age)

Question 31

Intervention Level: Tertiary Prevention

Answer 31

Intervention efforts aimed at eliminating drug abuse, promoting abstinence and healthy lifestyles in current drug abusers (any age)

Question 32

What is addiction?

Answer 32

Chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences

Question 33

What is the category for Prescription Drugs?

Answer 33

"Legend"

Question 34

What is the category for Over-the-Counter Drugs?

Answer 34

"Non-Legend"

Question 35

In Vitro & In Vivo is what type of testing?

Answer 35

Preclinical Testing

Question 36

What three things go into clinical trials?

Answer 36

-Randomized -Placebo-controlled -Double-Blind

Question 37

13 Ways of drug treatment?

Answer 37

-Addiction is a complex, but treatable, disease that affects brain function and behavior -No single approach works best for everyone; effective approaches attend to multiple needs, not just drug use (e.g. mental illness, vocational training, etc.) -Treatment must be readily available and accessible -Effective treatment attends to multiple needs and contexts of the individual -- medical, psychological, social, vocational, identity (age, gender, ethnicity, culture, etc.) -Remaining in treatment for an adequate amount of time is critical for sustained effect (3 month min.) and best outcomes occur with longer duration treatment; relapse is not failure, but a signal for adjustment of services -Counseling/behavioral therapy is the most common form of effective treatment; peer support helps maintain long-term abstinence -Medications are often an important component of effective drug treatment are not considered “replacing one addiction with another” if used properly -Treatment plans must be continually updated to meet individuals’ changing needs -Co-occurring mental health issues must be addressed for successful treatment -Detox is only a first step in treatment and does not, by itself, lead to successful outcomes -Treatment does not need to be voluntary to be effective -Drug use during treatment should be monitored to detect and manage relapse Treatment programs should test for infectious diseases to reduce risks and provide connections to accessible treatment

Question 38

What are pharmacokinetics?

Answer 38

is the study of what the body does to the drug

Question 39

What are Pharmacodynamics?

Answer 39

is the study of what the drug does to the body.