FINAL

Question 1

what are the dimensions of a health person?

Answer 1

• physical; the state of the body, absence of disease
• social; interactions with others
• cognitive; brain related mental processes
• behavioral; a persons actions and habits
• affective; emotional state

Question 2

list the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs from bottom to top

Answer 2

top
self-actualization; finding purpose in life
self-esteem; self-confidence and recognition from others
love and belonging; sense of connection and love for others
safety; safety from physical and emotional harm
physiological needs; basic needs food, water, and shelter
bottom

Question 3

which is used in response to stress; and alarm, resistance, and exhaustion are apart of what..
- the sick role
- general adaption
- Maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 3

General adaption syndrome

Question 4

In Hans general adaption syndrome what is the
fight or flight
a. alarm
b. resistance
c. exhaustion

Answer 4

A

Question 5

In Hans general adaption syndrome body has no strength to fight the stress, you are physically, emotionally, and mentally drained
a. alarm
b. resistance
c. exhaustion

Answer 5

C

Question 6

In Hans general adaption syndrome what stage does the body repair itself after the initial shock
a. alarm
b. resistance
c. exhaustion

Answer 6

B

Question 7

explain the difference between medical and surgical asepsis

Answer 7

medical asepsis is the “clean technique” it LIMITS the spread of microorganisms most effective method is hand washing

surgical asepsis is the “surgical technique” it ELIMINATES all microorganisms and their spores

Question 8

when do we apply standard precautions

Answer 8

with all patients regardless if their isolation precautions

Question 9

what is the “sterile technique” for
- medical asepsis
- surgical and sterile asepsis

Answer 9

surgical and sterile asepsis

Question 10

when washing hands and using Lysol wipes what technique are you using?
- medical asepsis
- surgical and sterile asepsis

Answer 10

medical asepsis

Question 11

when assessing pain in patients what method do we use?

Answer 11

OPQRSTUV
always believe patients pain

Question 12

On initial assessment, a patient complains of pain. The nurse noticed that before this assessment, the patient was laughing and talking with family. What must the nurse remember during a pain assessment?
A. Chronic pain is psychological in nature.
B. Patients are the best judges of their pain.
C. Use of narcotic analgesics leads to drug addiction.
D. The amount of pain is related to tissue damage.

Answer 12

B

Question 13

what are the 2 types of pain managements

Answer 13

pharmacological (pain relieving interventions)and nonpharmacological

Question 14

nonpharmacological interventions like cold and heat packs, music, acupuncture, massages are considered to be what
- pain management
- pain assessment
- form of nursing intervention

Answer 14

pain management

Question 15

Established pain management guidelines direct nurses to assess the patient’s pain frequently. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take when assessing the patient’s pain?
A. Ask the patient’s family what precipitates the pain.
B. Question the patient about the location of the pain.
C. Offer the patient a pain scale to objectively
quantify the pain.
D. Use open-ended questions to find out
about the patient’s pain.

Answer 15

C

Question 16

what’s the difference between nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain?

Answer 16

nociceptive pain: tissue damage; pain is described as sharp, throbbing, and aching ex breaking bones

neuropathic pain: is damage to the nervous system; pain is described as tingling, burning, shooting ex.

Question 17

is this neuropathic or nociceptive pain?
A patient describes a burning, tingling sensation in their feet caused by diabetes.

Answer 17

neuropathic bc pain is describes as burning, and tinging pain

Question 18

is this neuropathic or nociceptive pain?
A patient has chronic lower back pain described as aching and worsening with movement.

Answer 18

nociceptive pain

Question 19

True or False
Nociceptive pain is caused by activation of nociceptors due to tissue damage.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

what are the 7 warning signs of cancer

Answer 20

caution up
C; change in bowel or bladder
A; a sore that doesn’t leave
U; unusual bleeding or discharge
T; thickening lump near breasts or body
I; indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O; obvious changes in warts and moles
N; nagging cough

U; unexplained weigh loss
P; pernicious anemia

Question 21

what are the 7 treatments for cancer ?

Answer 21

1. surgery; used to diagnose and stage cancer
2. radiotherapy; uses radiation to kill malignant cells (cancer cells)
3. biotherapy; uses body’s existing defenses to fight the disease or caner cells
4. chemotherapy; uses chemical agents to treat disease
5. bone marrow and stem cell transplant; some bone marrow maybe destroyed during radiation this helps treat the destruction
6. hormone therapy; some cancers rely on hormones to grow, this therapy stops the growth of those cells
7. alternative and complementary therapies; alternative is used in place of medical treatment taking herbal meds than radiation. Complementary is used with medical treatment acupuncture alongside radiation

Question 22

What is a key difference between complementary therapy and alternative therapy in cancer treatment?

A) Complementary therapy replaces conventional treatments, while alternative therapy works alongside them.
B) Complementary therapy is always herbal-based, while alternative therapy uses pharmaceuticals.
C) Complementary therapy is used alongside conventional treatments, while alternative therapy replaces them.
D) There is no difference.

Answer 22

C

Question 23

What is the main goal of hormone therapy in cancer treatment?

A) To block or reduce the production of specific hormones that fuel cancer growth.
B) To remove the cancerous tissue.
C) To stimulate the immune system.
D) To increase the production of red blood cells.

Answer 23

A

Question 24

nursing implementation for pt’s with cancer

Answer 24

during diagnostic phase; assess and support the patient with their therapies like radiation and chemotherapy

treatment phase; pain management, emotional support, promoting nutrition, and patient teaching

Question 25

what systems age related changes are these: - nerve endings die - tremors in the face, head, and hands - brain weight reduces - pupils respond to light slower, making them smaller A. integumentary system B. neurological system C. gastrointestinal system

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a normal aging change? A. An aging pigment called lipofuscin is deposited in nerve cells. B. Brain weight is reduced, and the ventricles increase in size. C. The pupil of the eye is often larger and may respond to light more slowly. D. Reflexes are usually intact except for the Achilles tendon jerk, which is often absent.

Answer 26

C

Question 27

what systems age related changes are these: - epistaxis(nosebleed) become common in older people - decline in sense of smell in older people - mucous membrane becomes thin not producing mucous - weakened esophagus sphincters causing back flow when laying

Answer 27

respiratory system

Question 28

what's the difference between respiration and ventilation

Answer 28

ventilation is the action of breathing in and out respiration is the chemical aspect of it when O2 comes into the body and CO2 goes out

Question 29

Which of the following statements is NOT correct when administering nose drops? A. The patient may be sitting or lying down. B. Place the dropper at the opening of the nostril, and squeeze to deliver the prescribed amount of medication. C. The patient may resume his or her usual activities immediately. D. Discard any unused solution that remains in the dropper rather than returning it to the bottle.

Answer 29

C, the meds aren't going to work if you get up immediately they need to absorb

Question 30

what systems age related changes are these: - heartbeats become less regular bc SA(pacemakers) nodes decrease - heart becomes less elastic making it harder to expand and contract - arteries become stiffer and restricts blood flow

Answer 30

cardiovascular system

Question 31

Which of the following is the pacemaker of the heart? A. AV node B. Bundle of His C. Purkinje fibers D. SA node

Answer 31

D

Question 32

what systems age related changes are these: - sweat glands decrease leading to dryness and pruritus - wrinkling - flattened nails

Answer 32

integumentary system

Question 33

what systems age related changes are these: - teeth are worn down - loss of tastebuds - production of hydrochloric acid decreases - xerostomia (dry mouth) is common - decreased strength in anal sphincter means cant hold in stool

Answer 33

digestive system

Question 34

list what the upper digestive track includes in order

Answer 34

- mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomach - small intestine - large intestine and anus

Question 35

what is normal blood pressure

Answer 35

120/80

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT considered a main part of the digestive tract? A. Esophagus B. Small intestine C. Liver D. Anus

Answer 36

C

Question 37

Which is an age-related change in the lower digestive tract? A. Increased muscle tone B. Muscle layer atrophy C. Increased speed of movements of intestinal contents D. Increased anal sphincter tone

Answer 37

B

Question 38

what systems age related changes are these: - nocturia; waking up to pee at night is common - bladder starts to weaken - incontinence isn't a normal age related change but it is common

Answer 38

urinary system

Question 39

what systems age related changes are these: - cartilage loses elasticity (rubbing bones and joints together) - loss of bone mass and bone strength leads to fractures in older people

Answer 39

musculoskeletal system

Answer 40

.

Question 41

herpes zosters is called...

Answer 41

shingles

Question 42

what is seborrheic dermatitis what's the nursing care

Answer 42

affects scalp= dandruff promoting medicated shampoos, topical ointments and control of condition

Question 43

what is herpes simplex and what's the nursing care

Answer 43

cold sore that can be located on lips, cheeks, ears, and genitals nursing care pain management and pt teaching that virus never leaves your body so stress, fever and fatigue can trigger it treatment is antiviral medication

Question 44

what is herpes zosters and what's the nursing care

Answer 44

known as shingles causes intense itching and pain effects half side of face or back, is transmittable nursing care pain management with the itching, nonpharmacological techniques treatment antiviral medication

Question 45

nursing care for asthma

Answer 45

cause is unknown could be genetics or environmental factors Nursing care; administer medications as ordered so condition doesn't worsen, pt teaching, bed position in high fowlers position for lung expansion, monitor ABC's

Question 46

nursing care for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

Answer 46

airway obstruction due to mucous in the lungs nursing care; hand washing bc COPD pt's are at risk for infection, assess for productive cough, encourage breaks between activities.

Question 47

nursing care for ICP (increased intercranial pressure)

Answer 47

ICP means there's too much pressure on the brain and this means blood isn't getting enough oxygen and could lead to a stroke nursing care: monitor LOC and edema, do pupils react to light, elevate HOB to 30 degrees to semi fowlers to promote venous blood flow

Question 48

nursing interventions for CVA(cerebrovascular accident)

Answer 48

is a stroke where blood flow to the brain is restricted nursing care: pain management, mobility issues (ROM), patient is bed bond so reposition ever 1-2 hours

Question 49

what does ptosis mean

Answer 49

drooping

Question 50

what does dysarthria mean

Answer 50

difficulty moving mouth muscles to speak

Question 51

nursing intervention for TIA (transient ischemic attack)

Answer 51

no permanent effects its a mini stroke nursing care: FAST (check pt's face, ask them to raise their arms, check for slurring, and call for help)

Question 52

nursing intervention for CHF (congestive heart failure)

Answer 52

heart doesn't pump as effectively as it should causing back flow of blood nursing care: anxiety, lack of knowledge of heart failure, limit fluid and salt intake (fluid surrounding the heart isn't good)

Question 53

explain left sided heart failure

Answer 53

LEFT= lungs effects breathing and lungs

Question 54

explain right sided heart failure

Answer 54

RIGHT= rest of the body causes edema, congestion, weight gain

Question 55

nursing care for hepatitis

Answer 55

inflammation of the liver nursing care: bed rest to relieve liver workload, deep breathing exercises every 3 hours to prevent pneumonia, good nutrition and fluid intake

Question 56

nursing care UTI (urinary track infection) urethritis

Answer 56

pain during urination, inflammation of the urethra nursing care: avoid irritating vaginal products, sitz bath to reduce pain, voiding before and after sexual intercourse, and peri care from front to back

Question 57

nursing care for cystitis

Answer 57

inflammation of bladder caused by UTI nursing care: finish full round of medications to prevent reoccurrence, pain management, drink lots of water to flush out bacteria

Question 58

nursing care for osteoarthritis

Answer 58

bones rub together because cartilage loses its elasticity nursing care: pain management for pt's chronic pain, ROM exercises to prevent contractures and stiffness, rest between activities

Question 59

nursing care for Diabetes Mellitus type 1

Answer 59

life long occurs in children only manageable way is insulin nursing care: patient teaching on condition, checking blood sugars, skin integrity, recognizing hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia

Question 60

nursing care for Diabetes Mellitus type 2

Answer 60

common more in adults and can be manages with lifestyle changes nursing care: diet, exercise, oral medication

Question 61

what does ADPIE stand for

Answer 61

Nursing process Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of health? A. Physical B. Emotional C. Financial D. Social

Answer 62

C they are cognitive physical affective behavioral social

Question 63

True or false Patients pain is the single most reliable indicator of pain

Answer 63

True always believe patients pain because without it you don't know what to fix or better them

Question 64

true or false Spiritual health is solely about religious beliefs and practices.

Answer 64

false

Question 65

true or false According to Maslow, self-actualization is achieved when all other needs are met.

Answer 65

True

Question 66

true or false During the resistance stage, the body continues to produce stress hormones to cope with the stressor.

Answer 66

True; the body doesn't just throw the stress out as its in the resistance stage it is slowly managing the stress therefor still releasing some stress hormones

Question 67

normal blood pressure is considered what?

Answer 67

120/80

Question 68

120 is the diastolic or systolic

Answer 68

systolic

Question 69

80 is the diastolic or systolic

Answer 69

diastolic

Question 70

is this nociceptive or neuropathic pain tingling, burning, and shooting

Answer 70

neuropathic

Question 71

is this nociceptive or neuropathic pain sharp throbbing and aching

Answer 71

nociceptive