final

Question 1

acts as an antagonist of vitamin b12
by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase2
(DHFR)

Answer 1

methotrexate

Question 2

side effects of leuprolide

Answer 2

bone pain,
gynecomastia, impotence,
testicular atrophy, hematuria.

Question 3

streptomycin adverse effects

Answer 3

Ototoxicity
hearing loss
Nephrotoxicity
and Vertigo

Question 4

Replace rifampin with what for
treatment of tuberculosis in patients
with HIV infection

Answer 4

rifabutin

Question 5

mechanism of action of glucocorticoids

Answer 5

they enter the cells, bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, form a complex, passes into nucleus, regulates transcription of dna, regulates genes involved in inflammatory responses. (reduce lymphocytes)

Question 6

what binds to the same cytoplasmic FK-binding protein as
tacrolimus

Answer 6

sirolimus (rapamycin)

Question 7

adv effects of sirolimus

Answer 7

Thrombocytopenia and hyperlipidemia.
Combination of cyclosporine and sirolimus is more nephrotoxic

Question 8

1. High doses: higher risk of CMV infection – this is an adv effect of what?

Answer 8

mycophenolate mofetil (replaced azathioprine)

Question 9

antithymocyte globulins mechanism of action

Answer 9

they are polyclonal antibodies that bind to the surface of circulating T
lymphocytes, cause its destruction.

Question 10

in antiretroviral drugs, inducers of CYP450 isoenzymes (rifabutin, rifampicin) may decrease the plasma concentrations of what inhibitors?

Answer 10

protease inhibitors (indinavir)

Question 11

The inhibition of DHFR in methotrexate can only be reversed by?

Answer 11

folinic acid (this is in slide 11, chemotherapy 1)

Question 12

When applied topically, what is also
effective for the treatment of superficial
basal cell carcinomas?

Answer 12

fluorouracil

Question 13

cisplatin, carboplatin mechanism of action:

Answer 13

binds to guanine in DNA, forming inter- and intra-strand crosslinks

Question 14

osteomyelitis can be treated by…

Answer 14

fluoroquinolone

Question 15

• oral fungal infection is a possible adverse effect of….

Answer 15

Metronidazole

Question 16

what disrupts mycobacterial cell membrane metabolism and transport functions and might cause gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia….

Answer 16

Pyrazinamide

Question 17

SECOND LINE
DRUGS IN
TREATMENT OF TB

Answer 17

Fluoroquinolones, amikacin, linezolid, rifabutin

Question 18

What are the Therapeutic uses of calcineurin
inhibitors (cyclosporine and tacrolimus)?

Answer 18

to prevent rejection of organ transplant
Autoimmune diseases
(e.g.,Psoriasis)

Question 19

Anthracycline adverse effect

Answer 19

cardiotoxicity (like trastuzumab too)