Final Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
Muckraker
A
journalist who exposed corruption and other problems of the late 1800s and early 1900s
2
Q
Who did the United States purchase Alaska from?
A
Russia
3
Q
Which country was blamed for WWI?
A
Germany
4
Q
What were the causes of the Great Depression?
A
margin buying, installment buying, stock market crash, wages did not keep up with prices, price for crops dropped
5
Q
What was the immediate cause of WWI?
A
Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
6
Q
Which New Deal programs exist today?
A
Social Security Administration and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
7
Q
What were the three goals of FDRs New Deal program?
A
relief, recovery, reform
8
Q
Free Enterprise System
A
economic system in which businesses are owned by private citizens who decide what to produce, how much to produce, and what prices to charge.
9
Q
communism
A
economic system in which all wealth and property are owned by the state.
10
Q
What method did Martin Luther King use to protest social injustice?
A
civil disobedience
11
Q
Why do people purchase shares of stock?
A
share in corporate profits
12
Q
stock
A
share of ownership in a corporation
13
Q
18th Amendment
A
ban on alcohol
14
Q
19th Amendment
A
women’s right to vote
15
Q
yellow journalism
A
news reporting, often biased or untrue, that relies on sensational stories and headlines.
16
Q
nationalism
A
excessive pride in one’s nation
17
Q
imperialism
A
policy of powerful country seeking to control the economic and political affairs of weaker countries or regions.
18
Q
militarism
A
the policy of building up military to prepare for war.
19
Q
alliance
A
agreement between nations to aid and protect one another.
20
Q
What were poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clause used for?
A
prevent African Americans from voting
21
Q
Culture
A
a way of life shared by members of a society
22
Q
poll tax
A
tax required before a person can vote.
23
Q
grandfather clause
A
law that excused a voter from a literacy test if his father or grandfather had been eligible to vote on Jan. 1, 1876
24
Q
literacy test
A
examination to see if a person can read and write; used in the past to restrict African Americans from voting.
25
secede
withdraw membership from a group.
26
What event cause the south to secede from the Union?
election of Abraham Lincoln as President.
27
segregation
legal separation of races.
28
abolitionist
an individual who wanted to abolish slavery.
29
Manifest Destiny
belief that Americans had the right to spread across the continent.
30
carpetbagger
nickname for northerner who went to the south after the Civil War.
31
scalawag
white southerner who supported Republicans during Reconstruction.
32
Jim Crow Laws
laws that separated whites and African Americans in schools, restaurants, theaters, trains, streetcars and cemeteries.
33
15th Amendement
forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
34
How did rail road companies eliminate competition?
rebates and pools
35
monopoly
controls all or nearly all the business of an industry.
36
communism
economic system in which all wealth and property are owned by the state.
37
bull market
period of increased stock trading and rising stock prices.
38
What were some of the arguments against trusts?
reduced competition, hurt small businesses, they had too much power in government.
39
What did Congress pass that banned the formation of trusts and monopolies?
Sherman Antitrust Act
40
What were some of the benefits of the assembly line?
made large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply.
41
13th Amendment
Abolished Slavery
42
isolationism
people who want to stay out of world affairs.
43
Why did the U.S. want to expand overseas?
western frontier closes, businesses need raw materials and new markets, European nation competed for resources and markets.
44
draft
law requiring men to serve in the military.
45
liberty bonds
bonds sold by the U.S. government to raise money for a war effort.
46
reparations
cash payments for losses.
47
What policy did the U.S. adopt at the beginning of WWI and WWII?
neutrality
48
containment
policy of trying to prevent the spread of Soviet influence (communism) beyond where it already exists.
49
nativist
an individual who is opposed to immigration.
50
What were the benefits of the Panama Canal?
Shorten the sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Reduced the cost of trade, made it easier for the U.S. Navy to travel.
51
Which document blamed Germany for WWI, made them pay reparations, and did not allow them to build up their military?
Treaty of Versailles
52
Which muckraker exposed the harsh life of living in tenements?
Jacob Riis
53
What did Upton Sinclair help to expose?
Unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry.
54
What did Ida Tarbell help to expose?
Unfair business practices used by business such as Standard Oil.
55
Why did the United States establish a Quota System as part of their immigration policy in the 1920s?
To limit the number of immigrants from certain countries.
56
Which Presidents served during U.S. participation in World Wars?
Woodrow Wilson, FDR, and Harry Truman
57
Which Presidents served during the Great Depression?
Herbert Hoover and FDR
58
Define Homestead Act.
Law promised 160 acres of land to anyone who paid a small filing fee and farmed it for five years.
59
How was the Korean War and the Vietnam War similar?
both were an effort during the Cold War to prevent the spread of communism.
60
Primary Election
Election in which voters choose their party's candidate for the general election.
61
Referendum
process by which people vote directly on a bill.
62
Recall
process by which voters can remove an elected official from office.
63
What method was used by Martin Luther King Jr. to protest social injustice?
civil disobedience
64
Why did Irish immigrants face discrimination during the 1800s?
religious beliefs
65
Truman Doctrine
President Truman's policy of giving American aid to nations threatened by communist expansion.
66
Marshall Plan
American plan to help European nations rebuild their economies after WWII.
67
Why did Americans protest the United States involvement in the Vietnam War?
It was a Civil War, and the U.S. should not have interfered, many American troops were getting killed.
68
Why did immigrants settle in cities?
factory jobs were available.
69
Why was the United Nations created?
promote conditions that support peace.
70
Why were a number of American women working outside the home during WWII?
many men went off to fight in the war.
71
How was the U.S. economy affected by participation in WWII?
Factories started making wartime goods, unemployment decreased, the Great Depression ended.
72
Why did the U.S. not join the League of Nations?
there was a fear that the U.S. would get involved in foreign conflicts.
73
Social Security Administration
set up to provide unemployment insurance and pensions for retired workers.
74
What was a major cause of the stock market crash?
Margin Buying
75
Which document was considered Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace?
Fourteen Points
76
Why did the United States enter WWII?
Bombing of Pearl Harbor
77
What was the immediate cause of the Spanish American War?
The Sinking of the Maine
78
Why did the United States enter WWI?
Unrestricted use of submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram.
79
What punishments were imposed on Germany in the Treaty of Versailles?
Germany had to accept blame for the war in Europe, Germany had to pay reparations to European nations, and Germany had to disarm and reduce its military.
80
Monroe Doctrine
President Monroe's foreign policy statement warning European nations not to interfere in Latin America.
81
Good Neighbor Policy
President FDR's policy intended to strengthen friendly relations with Latin America.
82
Why did prohibition fail?
It never stopped drinking, organized crime increased.
83
What did Americans do on the home front during WWII to help the war effort?
Rationed gasoline, planted victory gardens, women worked in factories, car pooled, bought liberty bonds
84
Why was imperialism a cause of World War I?
created conflicts between nations over colonies.
85
What were considered reasons for imperialism?
Racism, competition, and the need for new markets.
86
Open Door Policy
Policy issued by Secretary of State John Hay that allowed a nation to trade in any other nation's sphere of influence in China.
87
Social Reform
An organized attempt to improve what is unjust or imperfect in society.
88
Totalitarian State
Country where a single party controls the government and every aspect of people's lives.
89
Corollay
addition to
90
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
The U.S. had a right to intervene in Latin America to preserve law and order.
91
What policy did the United States adopt at the outbreak of World War I?
neutrality
92
Installment buying
Buying on credit. Buy now, pay later.
93
What have labor unions fought for?
An end to child labor, safer working conditions, better pay, better job security, shorter hours, and a 5 day work week.
94
Why did the United States drop atomic bombs on Japan?
End the war quickly and save lives.
95
How did people response to the Rosa Parks arrest?
Boycotting buses in Montgomery, Alabama.
96
Why did the Cold War begin between the Soviet Union and the U.S.?
Both had conflicting goals after WWII, different beliefs, the desire to get better weapons.
97
Which New Deal Program insured people's saving that was in banks?
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
98
What industries benefited from the automobile?
Steel, glass, oil, paint companies, tire companies
99
Fad
a fashion or activity that is taken up with great passion for a short period of time.
100
Flapper
Young women that rebelled against traditional ways of thinking and acting.
101
What was the effect of Prohibition?
It never stopped drinking, organized crime increased.
102
What foreign policy is an example of Theodore Roosevelt's use of the Big Stick policy?
support of the Panamanian revolt
103
Why did families move to the suburbs in the 1950s?
Economic growth and prosperity, improved medical care, and pollution in the cities.
104
How is the Korean War and the Vietnam War similar?
both were an effort to contain the spread of Communism during the Cold War.
