Final Flashcards
(32 cards)
Fundamental Frequency
the vocal folds vibrate witht the least amount of effort
Intensity and loudness relationship
As intensity increases, perceived loudness increases
As intensity decreases, perceived loudness decreases
Voice Disorder
deviations in voice quality, pitch, loudness, flexibility that signifies illness and/or interferes with communication
Incidence of voice disorders in Children
3-6% of school age children
Incidence of voice disorders in Adults
3-9% of adults
3 aspects of pitch that indicate a voice disorder
Monopitch
Inappropriate pitch
Pitch breaks
Monopitch
Lacks normal inflectional variation
Sometimes it includes lack of ability to change pitch voluntarily
May be a sign of neurological impairment or psychiatric disability
May reflect client’s personality
Inappropriate pitch
Voice outside of normal range for age/societal expectations for gender
May be secondary to preference or habit
Pitch breaks
Sudden, uncontrolled up/down changes in pitch
Indicates laryngeal pathologies and/or abnormal neurological conditions
How do we change the rate of vocal fold vibration
To increase it, we increase length, and by increasing length, we increase tension while simultaneously decreasing mass to increase pitch
To decrease it, we decrease length, decrease tension, and increase mass this decreases pitch
Difference between fundamental frequency and pitch
Frequency is physiologic and can be measured
pitch is psychologic so it cant be measured
Difference between intensity and loudness
Intensity is physiologic and can be measured
Loudness is psychologic so it can be perceived but not measured
Aphonia
a complete absence of voice
Dysphonia
produced by the other voice disorders, including pitch, loudness and quality
meant the person has a voice disorder due to something going wrong with vocal fold vibration
Aberration
5 characteristics of a normal voice
Must be loud enough to be heard
Should be produced in a manner that does not cause laryngeal (vocal) trauma
Should be pleasant to listen to and have a pleasing quality
Should be flexible enough to express a range of emotions
Should represent the speaker well in terms of age, gender identity, and culture
Disorders of vocal loudness
Monoloudness
Loudness variations
Monoloudness
Lacking normal variations of intensity
Inability to change vocal quality, loudness voluntarily
Loudness variations
Extreme variations in intensity: to soft/too loud
Secondary to loss of neural control of the respiratory/laryngeal mechanism
Vocal tremor
regular rhythmic variations in pitch and in loudness around a central tendency
Stridor
Noisy breathing
Involuntary sound during inspiration and expiration
Narrowing in the airway (blockage) - clinical significance
Always abnormal
Something is compromising the respiratory system - no such thing as typical stridor
Examples: laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis, cleft larynx
Consistent aphonia
Persistent absence of voice
Whispering
Secondary to vocal fold paralysis, disorders of CNS, psychological problems
Episodic
Uncontrolled, unpredictable, brief break in voice
Secondary to CNS disorders, psychological problems
Functional
voice misuse/abuse
structural damage to VF - change in VF vibrations
Organic
medical, physical
