final

Question 1

compared to neurotransmitters, hormone effects are generally

Answer 1

more widespread in the body

Question 2

neuronal and hormonal communication both involve

Answer 2

specialized receptor molecules

Question 3

you rountinely order pizza from the same company, which is deleveried in a red car with white stripes. After ordering pizza for a couple years, you notice that any time see any red car with white stripes you feel hungry. For you, pizza delivery car has become a

Answer 3

conditioned stimulus

Question 4

which of the following brain area(s) is/are implicated in encoding new declarative memories, as demonstraited by the case of patient N.A.

Answer 4

• dorsomedial thalamus and mammillary bodies

Question 5

diminished cerebrospinal concentrations os serotonin metabolites are correlated with

Answer 5

agression and violence

Question 6

____ us defubed as a subjectuve mental state that is usually accompained by distinctive cognition, behvaiors and physoilogical disorders

Answer 6

emotion

Question 7

refers to the active process of maintaining a relatively stable internal enviroment

Answer 7

homeostasis

Question 8

lesions to which brain region would impair physiological responses to temperature in endotherms

Answer 8

preoptic area

Question 9

which event will trigger osmotic thirst

Answer 9

a salty meal

Question 10

which pancreatic hormone promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen

Answer 10

insulin

Question 11

which statement about anorexia nervosa is true?

Answer 11

people with anorexia think about food a great deal

Question 12

thermoregulation is considered a negative feedback system because

Answer 12

restoring the desired temperature turns off the response

Question 13

____ involves periodic binge eating followed by ____ or taking laxatives to avoid weight gain

Answer 13

bullmia; vomiting

Question 14

when an animal loses a lot of blood there is a tendency of barorrecptors to signal

Answer 14

thirst

Question 15

a 60 year old patient wiht memory loss shows cortical atrophy in the frontal and temporal and pareital brain areas

Answer 15

alzheimer’s

Question 16

the type of diabetes called ___ is charazterized by a cessation of insulin production early in life

Answer 16

type 1 diabestics

Question 17

which hormone monitors the body’s longer-term energy reserves in the form of fat

Answer 17

leptin

Question 18

in a young adult the course of a night’s sleep the length of te bouts of ____ sleep progrssively decrease while the lengths of bouts of ___ sleep progressively increase

Answer 18

rem, stage 3 SWS

Question 19

the external cue that abimals use to discern time of day is called a

Answer 19

?

Question 20

____ is a symptom of mismatch between interal and external time while traveling

Answer 20

jet lag

Question 21

desctruction of the SCN ___ caradian rthymes of hormone sercotion

Answer 21

abloshies

Question 22

the large proption of ___ sleep in infancy siggests it is neccsary for nervous system maturation

Answer 22

REM

Question 23

prologned sleep deprviation can lead to all the following expect

Answer 23

diabetes

Question 24

how long is the sleep cycle

Answer 24

90-110 mins

Question 25

experimental evidence suggests that the biological role of SWS and REM sleep may be related to the

Answer 25

consolidation of perpectal learning

Question 26

nonrepinephrine innervation to the brain comes primarliy from the

Answer 26

locus coerulues

Question 27

research has shown that in the forebrain system, SWS is promoted through the aaction of GABA on the___ while the brainstem system the ___ projects axons to the brain

Answer 27

tuberomammiary nucleus; retcular formation

Question 28

the incidence of insomia is greatest in

Answer 28

women, the later stages of life

Question 29

many people with narcolepsy also exhbit ___ in which muscle tone is suddenly lost without loss of

Answer 29

caraplexy; conscounsess

Question 30

according to the cannon-bard theory of emotion, emotional expereince and automoic response

Answer 30

are simulaneoulsy triggered by emotional stimuli

Question 31

32: research using fMRI suggests that feelings of romantic love as opposed to friendship are assoicated with reduced activty of the

Answer 31

posterior cingulate and amygdala

Question 32

36: who is most liekly yo develop a cold when exposed to a virus

Answer 32

a student stauing up late to cram for an exam

Question 33

37: which symptom is NOT common pathological consequence of prolonged stress

Answer 33

increased libido

Question 34

40: relaxation therapies like mndfullness-based stress reduction have been shown to reucde activty in the

Answer 34

amygdala

Question 35

51: the ___ model of depression involved a repetivie stressful stimulus such as electric shock from which there is no escape

Answer 35

learned helplessness

Question 36

54: tricylic antidepressants

Answer 36

inhibit the reuptake of nonrephinephrine, serotonin and/or dopamine

Question 37

62: ____ amenisa is a loss of memories that formed prior to a brain damaging event

Answer 37

retrograde

Question 38

65: the three sucessive systems that are necessary for recall of a past event are encoding, ___ and retrieval

Answer 38

consolidation

Question 39

68: you see a scary movie and are frieghtened several times as the movie plot unfolds. later that night at home you find you are scared by sounds that normally do not bother you. this is an example of

Answer 39

priming

Question 40

69: during LTP formation, nitric oxide may serve as

Answer 40

retrograde transmitter

Question 41

70: which statement about synapses is true

Answer 41

just like muscles, synpases respond to training; they form or decay depedning on use

Question 42

73: the amygdala is directly involved in

Answer 42

fear conditioning

Question 43

76: the overall levele of alterness of a n idnivudla is called ___ as distingushed from the process by which we select and focus on one or more stimuli, which is called

Answer 43

viglance, attention

Question 44

77: attention in which the focus conidcides with the indivudals sensory orientation is called

Answer 44

overt attention

Question 45

78: a viewer closerly focused on a complex task, such as being asked to count how many times a group of people throw a ball bakc and forth may miss other nonattended stimuli such as dancers moving through the group of people. this is due to an attetnional phenomeon called

Answer 45

inattential blindness

Question 46

79: a primary symptom of hemispatial neglect is

Answer 46

failture to pay any attention to anything to the left of the midline of the brain

Question 47

81: which of the following represents the correctsequence of the brain events that determine reaction time on a choice reaction time test

Answer 47

retina, LGN, V1, V2, V4, inferior temperoal love, prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, primary motor cortex, spinal cord, finger muscles

Question 48

82: you are at a train station and hear an extermly load crash. you and everone their immidenatly orient their attention ot the location of the sound. this is an example of ___ attention

Answer 48

reflextive

Question 49

83: which concept accounts for the fact that conunction searches involving sequential shifts of attention take a long time to perform

Answer 49

the binding problem

Question 50

86: which type of drugs have been found to improve the symptoms of ADHD

Answer 50

stimulants

Question 51

88: diminished social insight, distrbaility and emotional libaitlty are associated with injuries to the __ cortex

Answer 51

orbitoftrontal

Question 52

89: prsopagnosia is the inability to

Answer 52

recognize faces

Question 53

90: a pateint who has difficulty speaking byt has good compression of verbal material is most likely suffering from __ aphasia

Answer 53

broca's

Question 54

94: in genral brain injurt suffered ___ has less sever consquencse than brain inured suffered___

Answer 54

in childhood, in adulthood

Question 55

96: which regio of the cortex is curical for face recognition

Answer 55

fusiform gryus