Final Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
Darwin
A
-evolution was not created by Darwin
- trained as a an Anglican priest but became agnostic
- objected Hell
2
Q
Scientific and Religious Reception of Darwin
A
- random genetics
- Survival of the fittest
-origin of species (book) - gradually became less accepted over time
3
Q
“Nature as a Tinkerer”
A
-Darwin
- argument for evolution
- nature takes small steps to create things just good enough instead of perfectly created from scratch
-different in organisms
4
Q
Vestigial organs
A
-Darwin argument for evolution
- things in your body use to have a purpose but don’t anymore
5
Q
Dormant Genes
A
- Darwin argument for evolution
- things that use to have a purpose are shut off genetically in organisms
6
Q
“Island Argument”
A
- Darwin argument for evolution
- certain islands have vast majority of different kinds of one animal but they are missing many types of animals
7
Q
Domestication
A
- Darwin
- dogs came from the domestication of wolves
- this is because humans have chosen what traits they want
8
Q
Frederick Douglas
A
- escaped slave
- could speak from experience on slavery
- wrote “the meaning of July fourth for the Negro”
9
Q
Status of slaves in the US constitution
A
- Frederick Douglas
- had reasons behind why slaves were inferior and enslaved for their own good
10
Q
Scientific Arguments for Slavery
A
- Frederick Douglas
- skull size
11
Q
Classical Argument for Slavery
A
- Frederick Douglas
- some groups of people are just rationally more intelligent than others
12
Q
Biblical Argument for Slavery
A
- Frederick Douglas
- the OT set up regulations for slavery but did not outlaw slavery
- if God see up the Bible who are we to overthrow what God set up
- if you appealed to the Bible you would appeal to the Golden rule or exodus instead of the direct verses about slavery
13
Q
Nietzsche
A
- German
- mental breakdown
- first to challenge the enlightenment idea of progress
14
Q
“God is Dead”
A
- Nietzsche
- we have killed God
- as we learn more about science and the universe, we don’t have a need for God anymore
- people just go through the motions
- God is just a projection
15
Q
Nietzsche View of Truth
A
- if there is no ultimate God telling us what is ultimately right, then all we have is different perceptions
- we all see God through different lenses
16
Q
Explanation for the Origins of Morality
A
- Nietzsche
- morality is something that emerged
- morality was created saying be nice to those who have enslaved you, it was a way for slaves to get better working conditions from thier masters
- social construct that is used to control people
17
Q
Will to Power
A
- Nietzsche
- to express your own view of the world without caring what the world says
- don’t let culture tell you otherwise
- to express your independent self, creating your own morality
18
Q
Ubermensch
A
- Nietzsche
- super human
- encapsulation of the perfect example of someone creating their own proper and morality
19
Q
Eternal Return
A
- Nietzsche
- if there is no end to the universe than we will be replaying our lives an infinite amount of times
- ultimate test of someone’s philosophy can you realize this and still be happy?
20
Q
Nazis influence
A
- Nietzsche was influenced by this because the Nazi party would use lots of his ideas
21
Q
Modernism vs. Postmodernism
A
- Nietzsche
- modernism=enlightenment, trust in truth. Slowly getting there.
-postmodernism= Nietzsche critique. No ultimate truth.
22
Q
Hannah Arendt
A
- Jewish philosopher
- saw first hand the rise of the Nazi movement
23
Q
How did Hitler come to power?
A
- Arendt
- use of propaganda and information technology to influence society
-Hitler was democratically elected - emergency powers
24
Q
Protocols of the Elders of Zion
A
- Arendt
- conspiracy theory
- how Jews were trying to secretly take over the world
25
Originals of totalitarianism
- Arendt
- rise of information technologies
- use main stream ad marketing campaigns to influence society
- use propaganda to get people’s support and vote
26
Rise of new information technology and its effect on society.
- Arendt
- “medium is the message”=the way info is expressed will influence how you interpret it
- being entertained rather than being informed
27
MLK Jr.
-Baptist minister
- formed the southern leadership conference to try and localize black churches to stand up to Jim Crow laws in the south
28
Role of Brown vs Board of education in Civil Rights movement
- MLK jr
- integrated schools together
- started social change
29
Principles of nonviolent resistance
- Gandhi ideas that MLK jr took from
- people will not change unless you force them to change vs if violence is used than people will turn against you
- MLK Jr required peaceful protests to get public opinion on his side
30
“Letter from Birmingham Jail” and “I Have a Dream” speech
- MLK Jr
- wait always means never
- disappointment in white moderates
- argues for obeying just laws
31
CS Lewis
- literature professor at Oxford
32
Rise of technology
- CS Lewis
- technology is doubling in power
- when do we use technology and when has it gone to far?
33
Abolition of man
- if we don’t respect the Toa (universal law we have) you will end up justifying this technology to remake society and acting like an animal, we are not respecting the moral law within us
34
William James
- acting for goals and can accomplish them by our own means
-physiology and psychology professor at Harvard
35
Rise of Newtonian Worldview
- James
- particles operating by the laws of nature, if you understand all the laws you can understand and fully know everything
-new science has overthrown this
- quantum theory: particles are not predictable until being measured or watched
- speed and time
- the world is much more strange and crazier then what Newtonian science thought
- mechanism is overthrown
36
John Paul II
- first non-Italian pope
- helped end communism
- Philosopher by training
37
“Fides et ratio”
- john Paul II
- faith and reason
